NORWEGIAN CRUISE LINE HOLDINGS LTD. Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements
Some of the statements, estimates or projections contained in this report are "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of theU.S. federal securities laws intended to qualify for the safe harbor from liability established by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained, or incorporated by reference, in this report, including, without limitation, those regarding our business strategy, financial position, results of operations, plans, prospects, actions taken or strategies being considered with respect to our liquidity position, valuation and appraisals of our assets and objectives of management for future operations (including those regarding expected fleet additions, our voluntary suspension, our ability to weather the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, operational position, demand for voyages, financing opportunities and extensions, and future cost mitigation and cash conservation efforts and efforts to reduce operating expenses and capital expenditures) are forward-looking statements. Many, but not all, of these statements can be found by looking for words like "expect," "anticipate," "goal," "project," "plan," "believe," "seek," "will," "may," "forecast," "estimate," "intend," "future" and similar words. Forward-looking statements do not guarantee future performance and may involve risks, uncertainties and other factors which could cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from the future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied in those forward-looking statements. Examples of these risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to the impact of:
the spread of epidemics, pandemics and viral outbreaks and specifically, the
COVID-19 outbreak, including its effect on the ability or desire of people to
? travel (including on cruises), which are expected to continue to adversely
impact our results, operations, outlook, plans, goals, growth, reputation, cash
flows, liquidity, demand for voyages and share price;
our ability to develop strategies to enhance our health and safety protocols to
? adapt to the current pandemic environment's unique challenges once operations
resume and to otherwise safely resume our operations when conditions allow;
coordination and cooperation with the
? public health authorities to take precautions to protect the health, safety and
security of guests, crew and the communities visited and the implementation of
any such precautions;
? the accuracy of any appraisals of our assets as a result of the impact of
COVID-19 or otherwise;
? our success in reducing operating expenses and capital expenditures and the
impact of any such reductions;
? our guests' election to take cash refunds in lieu of future cruise credits or
the continuation of any trends relating to such election;
? trends in, or changes to, future bookings and our ability to take future
reservations and receive deposits related thereto;
? the unavailability of ports of call;
? future increases in the price of, or major changes or reduction in, commercial
airline services;
our ability to work with lenders and others or otherwise pursue options to
defer or refinance our existing debt profile, near-term debt amortization,
? newbuild related payments and other obligations and to work with credit card
processors to satisfy current or potential future demands for collateral on
cash advanced from customers relating to future cruises;
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? adverse events impacting the security of travel, such as terrorist acts, armed
conflict and threats thereof, acts of piracy, and other international events;
? adverse incidents involving cruise ships;
adverse general economic and related factors, such as fluctuating or increasing
levels of unemployment, underemployment and the volatility of fuel prices,
? declines in the securities and real estate markets, and perceptions of these
conditions that decrease the level of disposable income of consumers or
consumer confidence;
? our potential future need for additional financing, which may not be available
on favorable terms, or at all, and may be dilutive to existing shareholders;
? any further impairment of our trademarks, trade names or goodwill;
breaches in data security or other disturbances to our information technology
? and other networks or our actual or perceived failure to comply with
requirements regarding data privacy and protection;
? changes in fuel prices and the type of fuel we are permitted to use and/or
other cruise operating costs;
mechanical malfunctions and repairs, delays in our shipbuilding program,
? maintenance and refurbishments and the consolidation of qualified shipyard
facilities; ? the risks and increased costs associated with operating internationally;
? fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates;
? overcapacity in key markets or globally;
? our expansion into and investments in new markets;
? our inability to obtain adequate insurance coverage;
our indebtedness and restrictions in the agreements governing our indebtedness
? that require us to maintain minimum levels of liquidity and otherwise limit our
flexibility in operating our business, including the significant portion of
assets that are collateral under these agreements;
? pending or threatened litigation, investigations and enforcement actions;
volatility and disruptions in the global credit and financial markets, which
may adversely affect our ability to borrow and could increase our counterparty
? credit risks, including those under our credit facilities, derivatives,
contingent obligations, insurance contracts and new ship progress payment
guarantees;
? our inability to recruit or retain qualified personnel or the loss of key
personnel or employee relations issues;
? our reliance on third parties to provide hotel management services for certain
ships and certain other services;
? our inability to keep pace with developments in technology;
? changes involving the tax and environmental regulatory regimes in which we
operate; and
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other factors set forth under "Risk Factors" herein and in our Annual Report on
? Form 10-K for the year ended
27, 2020, as updated by our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on
("Annual Report on Form 10-K").
Additionally, many of these risks and uncertainties are currently amplified by and will continue to be amplified by, or in the future may be amplified by, the COVID-19 pandemic. It is not possible to predict or identify all such risks. There may be additional risks that we consider immaterial or which are unknown. The above examples are not exhaustive and new risks emerge from time to time. Such forward-looking statements are based on our current beliefs, assumptions, expectations, estimates and projections regarding our present and future business strategies and the environment in which we expect to operate in the future. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made. We expressly disclaim any obligation or undertaking to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statement to reflect any change in our expectations with regard thereto or any change of events, conditions or circumstances on which any such statement was based, except as required by law.
Terminology
This report includes certain non-GAAP financial measures, such as Net Revenue, Net Yield,Net Cruise Cost , Adjusted Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS. Definitions of these non- GAAP financial measures are included below. For further information about our non-GAAP financial measures including detailed adjustments made in calculation our non-GAAP financial measures and a reconciliation to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, we refer you to "Results of Operations" below.
Unless otherwise indicated in this report, the following terms have the meanings set forth below:
Acquisition of Prestige. In
? stock transaction for total consideration of
assumption of debt.
? Adjusted EBITDA. EBITDA adjusted for other income (expense), net and other
supplemental adjustments.
? Adjusted EPS. Adjusted Net Income (Loss) divided by the number of diluted
weighted-average shares outstanding.
? Adjusted Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel. Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel
adjusted for supplemental adjustments.
? Adjusted Net Income (Loss). Net income (loss) adjusted for supplemental
adjustments.
? Allura Class Ships.
? Berths. Double occupancy capacity per cabin (single occupancy per studio cabin)
even though many cabins can accommodate three or more passengers.
? Breakaway Plus Class Ships. Norwegian Escape, Norwegian Joy, Norwegian Bliss
and Norwegian Encore.
? Capacity Days. Available Berths multiplied by the number of cruise days for the
period.
Constant Currency. A calculation whereby foreign currency-denominated revenue
? and expenses in a period are converted at the
comparable period to eliminate the effects of foreign exchange fluctuations.
Dry-dock. A process whereby a ship is positioned in a large basin where all of
? the fresh/sea water is pumped out in order to carry out cleaning and repairs of
those parts of a ship which are below the water line.
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? EBITDA. Earnings before interest, taxes, and depreciation and amortization.
? Epic Credit Facility.
? EPS. Earnings (loss) per share.
? Explorer Class Ships. Regent's Seven Seas Explorer, Seven Seas Splendor, and an
additional ship on order.
? GAAP. Generally accepted accounting principles in the
? Gross Cruise Cost. The sum of total cruise operating expense and marketing,
general and administrative expense.
? Gross Tons. A unit of enclosed passenger space on a cruise ship, such that one
gross ton equals 100 cubic feet or 2.831 cubic meters.
? Gross Yield. Total revenue per Capacity Day.
?
expense and onboard and other expense.
? Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel.
? Net Revenue. Total revenue less commissions, transportation and other expense
and onboard and other expense.
? Net Yield. Net Revenue per Capacity Day.
Occupancy Percentage. The ratio of Passenger Cruise Days to Capacity Days. A
? percentage greater than 100% indicates that three or more passengers occupied
some cabins.
? Passenger Cruise Days. The number of passengers carried for the period,
multiplied by the number of days in their respective cruises.
? Project Leonardo. The next generation of ships for our Norwegian brand.
? Revolving Loan Facility.
facility.
?
Shipboard Retirement Plan. An unfunded defined benefit pension plan for certain
? crew members which computes benefits based on years of service, subject to
certain requirements. Non-GAAP Financial Measures We use certain non-GAAP financial measures, such as Net Revenue, Net Yield,Net Cruise Cost , Adjusted Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS, to enable us to analyze our performance. See "Terminology" for the definitions of these and other non-GAAP financial measures. We utilize Net Revenue and Net Yield to manage our business on a day-to-day basis and believe that they are the most relevant measures of our revenue performance because they reflect the revenue earned by us net of significant variable costs. In measuring our ability to control costs in a manner that positively impacts net income, we believe changes inNet Cruise Cost and Adjusted Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel to be the most relevant indicators of our performance. As a result of our voluntary suspension of sailings during the second quarter of 2020, we did not have any Capacity Days. 33
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Accordingly, we have not presented herein Gross Yield, Net Yield or per Capacity
Day data for the three or six months ended
As our business includes the sourcing of passengers and deployment of vessels outside of theU.S. , a portion of our revenue and expenses are denominated in foreign currencies, particularly British pound, Canadian dollar, Euro and Australian dollar which are subject to fluctuations in currency exchange rates versus our reporting currency, theU.S. dollar. In order to monitor results excluding these fluctuations, we calculate certain non-GAAP measures on a Constant Currency basis, whereby current period revenue and expenses denominated in foreign currencies are converted toU.S. dollars using currency exchange rates of the comparable period. We believe that presenting these non-GAAP measures on both a reported and Constant Currency basis is useful in providing a more comprehensive view of trends in our business. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA is appropriate as a supplemental financial measure as it is used by management to assess operating performance. We also believe that Adjusted EBITDA is a useful measure in determining our performance as it reflects certain operating drivers of our business, such as sales growth, operating costs, marketing, general and administrative expense and other operating income and expense. Adjusted EBITDA is not a defined term under GAAP nor is it intended to be a measure of liquidity or cash flows from operations or a measure comparable to net income, as it does not take into account certain requirements such as capital expenditures and related depreciation, principal and interest payments and tax payments and it includes other supplemental adjustments. In addition, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS are non-GAAP financial measures that exclude certain amounts and are used to supplement GAAP net income and EPS. We use Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS as key performance measures of our earnings performance. We believe that both management and investors benefit from referring to these non-GAAP financial measures in assessing our performance and when planning, forecasting and analyzing future periods. These non-GAAP financial measures also facilitate management's internal comparison to our historical performance. In addition, management uses Adjusted EPS as a performance measure for our incentive compensation. The amounts excluded in the presentation of these non-GAAP financial measures may vary from period to period; accordingly, our presentation of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS may not be indicative of future adjustments or results. For example, for the six months endedJune 30, 2019 , we incurred$30.6 million related to the redeployment of Norwegian Joy fromAsia to theU.S. We included this as an adjustment in the reconciliation of Adjusted Net Income since the expenses are not representative of our day-to-day operations; however, this adjustment did not occur and is not included in the comparative period presented within this Form 10-Q. You are encouraged to evaluate each adjustment used in calculating our non-GAAP financial measures and the reasons we consider our non-GAAP financial measures appropriate for supplemental analysis. In evaluating our non-GAAP financial measures, you should be aware that in the future we may incur expenses similar to the adjustments in our presentation. Our non-GAAP financial measures have limitations as analytical tools, and you should not consider these measures in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Our presentation of our non-GAAP financial measures should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items. Our non-GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to other companies. Please see a historical reconciliation of these measures to the most comparable GAAP measure presented in our consolidated financial statements below in the "Results of Operations" section.
Financial Presentation
We categorize revenue from our cruise and cruise-related activities as either
"passenger ticket" revenue or "onboard and other" revenue. Passenger ticket
revenue and onboard and other revenue vary according to product offering, the
size of the ship in operation, the length of cruises operated and the markets in
which the ship operates. Our revenue is seasonal based on demand for cruises,
which has historically been strongest during the Northern Hemisphere's summer
months ; however, demand for cruises during the summer months of 2020 has been
materially adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Passenger ticket revenue
primarily consists of revenue for accommodations, meals in certain restaurants
on the ship, certain onboard entertainment, and includes revenue for service
charges and air and land transportation to and from the ship to the extent
guests purchase these items from us. Onboard and other revenue primarily
consists of revenue from gaming, beverage sales, shore excursions, specialty
dining, retail sales, spa services and photo services. Our
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onboard revenue is derived from onboard activities we perform directly or that are performed by independent concessionaires, from which we receive a share of their revenue.
Our cruise operating expense is classified as follows:
Commissions, transportation and other primarily consists of direct costs
associated with passenger ticket revenue. These costs include travel agent
? commissions, air and land transportation expenses, related credit card fees,
certain port expenses and the costs associated with shore excursions and hotel
accommodations included as part of the overall cruise purchase price.
Onboard and other primarily consists of direct costs incurred in connection
? with onboard and other revenue, including casino, beverage sales and shore
excursions.
Payroll and related consists of the cost of wages and benefits for shipboard
employees and costs of certain inventory items, including food, for a third
? party that provides crew and other hotel services for certain ships. The cost
of crew repatriation, including charters, housing, testing and other costs
related to COVID-19 are also included.
? Fuel includes fuel costs, the impact of certain fuel hedges and fuel delivery
costs.
? Food consists of food costs for passengers and crew on certain ships.
? Other consists of repairs and maintenance (including Dry-dock costs), ship
insurance and other ship expenses.
Critical Accounting Policies
For a discussion of our critical accounting policies and estimates, see "Critical Accounting Policies" included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K under the caption "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations." We have updated our critical accounting policies and estimates from those described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K as follows:
Asset Impairment
We review our long-lived assets, principally ships, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Assets are grouped and evaluated at the lowest level for which there are identifiable cash flows that are largely independent of the cash flows of other groups of assets. We consider historical performance and future estimated results in our evaluation of potential impairment and then compare the carrying amount of the asset to the estimated future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset. If the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the estimated expected undiscounted future cash flows, we measure the amount of the impairment by comparing the carrying amount of the asset to its fair value. We estimate fair value based on the best information available utilizing estimates, judgments and projections as necessary. Our estimate of fair value is generally measured by discounting expected future cash flows at discount rates commensurate with the associated risk. We evaluate goodwill and tradenames for impairment annually or more frequently when an event occurs or circumstances change that indicates the carrying value of a reporting unit may not be recoverable. For our evaluation of goodwill, we use the Step 0 Test which allows us to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not (i.e., more than 50%) that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. For tradenames we also provide a qualitative assessment to determine if there is any indication of impairment.
In order to make this evaluation, we consider whether any of the following factors or conditions exist:
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Changes in general macroeconomic conditions such as a deterioration in general
? economic conditions; limitations on accessing capital; fluctuations in foreign
exchange rates; or other developments in equity and credit markets; Changes in industry and market conditions such as a deterioration in the
environment in which an entity operates; an increased competitive environment;
? a decline in market-dependent multiples or metrics (in both absolute terms and
relative to peers); a change in the market for an entity's products or
services; or a regulatory or political development;
? Changes in cost factors that have a negative effect on earnings and cash flows;
? Decline in overall financial performance (for both actual and expected
performance);
Entity and reporting unit specific negative events such as changes in
? management, key personnel, strategy, or customers; litigation; or a change in
the composition or carrying amount of net assets; and
? Decline in share price (in both absolute terms and relative to peers).
We also may conduct a quantitative assessment comparing the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. This is called the Step 1 Test which uses discounted future cash flows and other market data to determine the fair value of the reporting units. Our discounted cash flow valuation reflects our principal assumptions of 1) forecasted future operating results and growth rates, which have been prepared under multiple scenarios and are probability weighted, 2) forecasted capital expenditures for fleet growth and ship improvements and 3) a weighted average cost of capital of market participants. Historically, our Step 1 Test consisted of a combined approach using discounted future cash flows and market multiples to determine the fair value of the reporting units. However, for theMarch 31, 2020 Step 1 Test, the market multiples were used solely as a corroboratory approach given the impact of COVID-19 on the current year's results, as of the valuation date, as well as prospective results including the lack of any guidance provided, which were not available for our peers. We believe that this approach is the most representative method to assess fair value as it utilizes expectations of long-term growth as well as current market conditions. For the tradenames, we use the relief from royalty method, which uses the same forecasts and discount rates from the discounted cash flow valuation in the goodwill assessment along with a tradename royalty rate assumption. We have concluded that our business has three reporting units. Each brand,Oceania Cruises ,Regent Seven Seas Cruises and Norwegian, constitutes a business for which discrete financial information is available and management regularly reviews the operating results and, therefore, each brand is considered an operating segment. During the six months endedJune 30, 2020 , we recognized a goodwill impairment loss of$1.3 billion . See Note 4 - "Intangible Assets" for additional information. As ofJune 30, 2020 , there was$98.1 million of goodwill for theRegent Seven Seas Cruises reporting unit after impairment. We also recognized an impairment loss for ourOceania Cruises andRegent Seven Seas Cruises tradenames during the six months in an aggregate amount of$317.0 million , with$500.5 million remaining as ofJune 30, 2020 . We believe that we have made reasonable estimates and judgments. However, a change in our estimated future operating cash flows may result in a decline in fair value in future periods, which may result in a need to recognize additional impairment charges.
Update Regarding COVID-19 Pandemic
Suspension of Cruise Voyages Due to the continued spread of COVID-19, growing travel restrictions and limited access to ports around the world, inMarch 2020 , we implemented a voluntary suspension of all cruise voyages across our three brands. As a result of continued travel and port restrictions in certain geographies and in an effort to protect the health, safety and security of guests, crew and communities visited, we subsequently extended this suspension several times, including most recently throughOctober 31, 2020 . See Note 2 - "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Liquidity and Management's Plan" for additional information. This is the first time we have completely suspended our cruise
voyages, and as a result
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of these unprecedented circumstances, we are not able to predict the full impact
of such a suspension on our Company. The duration of any voluntary suspensions
we have implemented and the resumption of operations outside of the United
States will be dependent, in part, on the severity and duration of the COVID-19
pandemic, the status of the CDC 's No Sail Order, various travel restrictions and
travel bans issued by various countries around the world, as well as the
availability of ports around the world.
Preparation for the Safe Resumption of Operations
Prior to the suspension of cruise voyages, we had begun developing a comprehensive and multi-faceted strategy to enhance our already rigorous health and safety protocols to address the unique public health challenges posed by COVID-19, including enhanced screenings, upgraded cleaning and disinfection protocols and plans for social distancing. Several of these protocols were put in place prior to the voyage suspension. InJuly 2020 , we announced a collaboration withRoyal Caribbean Group to form a group of experts called the "Healthy Sail Panel " to develop enhanced cruise health and safety standards in response to the global COVID-19 pandemic. The panel is co-chaired by Dr.Scott Gottlieb , former commissioner of theU.S. Food and Drug Administration , and GovernorMike Leavitt , former Secretary of the U.S. DepartmentHealth and Human Services . The panel's members are globally recognized experts from various disciplines, including public health, infectious disease, biosecurity, hospitality and maritime operations. The panel is tasked with collaboratively developing recommendations for cruise lines to advance their public health response to COVID-19, improve safety, and achieve readiness for the safe resumption of operations. The panel will also help the companies assure the plans they will submit to theCDC and other regulators apply the best available public health, science and engineering insights. The Company will continue to work with theCDC and other federal agencies, public health authorities and national and local governments in areas where it operates to take all necessary measures to protect its guests, crew and the communities visited once operations resume. Modified Policies
On or aroundMarch 6, 2020 , the Company's brands launched new cancellation policies to permit its guests to cancel cruises which are not part of the Company's temporary suspension of voyages up to 48 hours or 15 days, depending on the brand, prior to embarkation and receive a refund in the form of a credit to be applied toward a future cruise. These programs are currently in place for cruises booked through specific time periods specified by brand, and for cruises scheduled to embark through specified time periods, depending on the brand. The future cruise credit is valid for any sailing throughDecember 31, 2022 , and the Company may extend this offer. The use of such credits may prevent us from future cash collections as staterooms booked by guests with such credits will not be available for sale, resulting in less cash collected from bookings to new guests. The Company may incur incremental commission expense for the use of these future cruise credits.
In addition, to provide more flexibility to its guests, the Company has also introduced a new final payment schedule for all 2020 voyages which requires payment 60 days prior to embarkation versus the standard 120 days.
Update on Bookings The extended suspension of cruise voyages has significantly impacted advanced bookings for the remainder of 2020, which are meaningfully lower than the prior year and at lower prices. Despite limited marketing efforts, there continues to be demand for future cruise vacations. While booking volumes since the emergence of COVID-19 remain below historical levels, the Company's overall cumulative booked position and pricing for 2021 are within historical ranges including bookings made with future cruise credits. Our operations may be suspended beyond our announced suspensions depending on the status of theCDC No Sail Order, the development of the COVID-19 outbreak, global travel restrictions and port availability and any additional voluntary suspensions we may determine appropriate. As a result, current booking data for 2020 may not be informative. In addition, because of our updated cancellation policies, bookings may not be representative of actual cruise revenues. The ongoing effects of COVID-19 on our operations and global bookings have had, and we believe they will continue to have, a significant impact on our financial results and liquidity, and such negative impact may continue well beyond the 37 Table of Contents
containment of the pandemic. Significant events affecting travel, including COVID-19, typically have an impact on the demand for cruise vacations, with the full extent of the impact generally determined by the length of time the event influences travel decisions. Due to the unknown duration and extent of the COVID-19 pandemic, travel restrictions and advisories, the potential unavailability of ports and/or destinations, unknown cancellations and timing of redeployments and a general impact on consumer sentiment regarding cruise travel, we cannot estimate the impact on our business, financial condition or near- or longer-term financial or operational results with certainty, but we expect to report a net loss on both a GAAP and adjusted basis for the year endingDecember 31, 2020 .
Crew Repatriation Efforts
The Company has successfully completed the safe repatriation of the majority of its shipboard team members to their homes around the globe. The Company has worked to repatriate over 21,000 shipboard team members, to over 75 countries, through a combination of chartered and commercial air flights as well as the use of certain of the Company's ships. The Company expects the repatriation efforts to be largely completed within 45 days.
Financing Transactions and Cost Containment Measures
Since
In
raise approximately
? the full exercise of options to purchase additional ordinary shares and
exchangeable notes, the total amount of gross proceeds increased to
approximately
In
to raise approximately
including the full exercise of the option to purchase additional ordinary
? shares and partial exercise of the option to purchase additional exchangeable
notes, the total amount of gross proceeds increased to approximately
billion. From the proceeds, approximately
Epic Credit Facility.
We have also undertaken several proactive cost reduction and cash conservation measures to mitigate the financial and operational impacts of COVID-19, through the reduction of capital expenditures described under "Liquidity and Capital Resources" below as well as a reduction in operating expenses, including ship operating expenses and selling, general and administrative expenses. Cost savings initiatives to reduce selling, general and administrative expenses already implemented include the significant reduction or deferral of marketing expenditures, the implementation of a company-wide hiring freeze, the introduction of a temporary shortened work week and reduced work hours with a commensurate 20% salary reduction for shoreside team members, a pause in the Company's 401(k) matching contributions and corporate travel freezes for shoreside employees. Further, as part of the Company's ongoing strategy to improve its ability to sustain the long-term health of the business and to preserve financial flexibility during the COVID-19 crisis, the Company has furloughed approximately 20% of the Company's shoreside employees throughOctober 25, 2020 , subject to change based on business needs. While on furlough, employees will not receive salary or hourly wages, but will continue to receive health benefit coverage if they currently participate in a Company sponsored plan.
See "-Liquidity and Capital Resources" below for more information.
Quarterly Overview
Three months ended
? Total revenue decreased 99.0% to
? Net Revenue decreased 101.7% to
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? Net income (loss) and diluted EPS were
respectively, compared to
? Operating loss was
million. Adjusted Net Loss and Adjusted EPS were$(666.4) million and$ (2.78) ,
respectively, in 2020, which included
consisting of expenses related to non-cash compensation and losses on
? extinguishment and modifications of debt. Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS
were
million of adjustments primarily consisting of expenses related to non-cash
compensation and the redeployment of Norwegian Joy.
? Adjusted EBITDA decreased 179.1% to
million.
We refer you to our "Results of Operations" below for a calculation of Net Revenue, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted EPS and Adjusted EBITDA.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth operating data as a percentage of total revenue:
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
June 30, June 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Revenue
Passenger ticket 81.7 % 70.9 % 67.6 % 70.2 %
Onboard and other 18.3 % 29.1 % 32.4 % 29.8 %
Total revenue 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
Cruise operating expense
Commissions, transportation and other 204.4 % 17.9 % 29.0 % 17.2 %
Onboard and other 18.8 % 6.4 % 6.2 % 6.1 %
Payroll and related 760.5 % 13.8 % 29.7 % 14.7 %
Fuel 289.4 % 6.0 % 13.8 % 6.5 %
Food 41.3 % 3.3 % 4.4 % 3.6 %
Other 467.5 % 10.2 % 19.4 % 10.1 %
Total cruise operating expense 1,781.9 % 57.6 % 102.5 % 58.2 %
Other operating expense
Marketing, general and administrative 776.4 % 14.5 % 31.8 % 16.0 %
Depreciation and amortization 1,058.8 % 9.4 % 29.9 % 10.6 %
Impairment loss - % - % 127.2 % - %
Total other operating expense 1,835.2 % 23.9 % 188.9 % 26.6 %
Operating income (loss) (3,517.1) % 18.5 % (191.4) % 15.2 %
Non-operating income (expense)
Interest expense, net (676.6) % (3.9) % (14.5) % (4.5) %
Other income (expense), net (85.2) % 0.2 % (0.7) % 0.1 %
Total non-operating income (expense) (761.8) % (3.7) % (15.2) % (4.4) %
Net income (loss) before income taxes (4,278.9) % 14.8 % (206.6) % 10.8 %
Income tax benefit (expense) 53.9 % (0.4) % 1.2 % 0.9 %
Net income (loss) (4,225.0) % 14.4 % (205.4) % 11.7 %
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The following table sets forth selected statistical information:
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
June 30, June 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Passengers carried - 682,935 499,729 1,327,987
Passenger Cruise Days - 5,014,083 4,278,602 9,989,523
Capacity Days - 4,626,871 4,123,858 9,343,800
Occupancy Percentage 108.4 % 103.8 % 106.9 %
Net Revenue, Gross Yield and Net Yield were calculated as follows (in thousands, except Capacity Days and Yield data):
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
June 30, June 30,
2020 2020
Constant Constant
2020 Currency 2019 2020 Currency 2019
Passenger ticket
revenue $ 13,835 $ 13,847 $ 1,179,404 $ 854,626 $ 854,638 $ 2,152,677
Onboard and other
revenue 3,094 3,094 484,873 409,185 409,185 915,230
Total revenue 16,929 16,941 1,664,277 1,263,811 1,263,823 3,067,907
Less:
Commissions,
transportation and
other expense 34,601 34,699 297,691 366,969 367,066 526,955
Onboard and other
expense 3,188 3,188 107,063 78,161 78,161 186,476
Net Revenue $ (20,860) $ (20,946) $ 1,259,523 $ 818,681 $ 818,596 $ 2,354,476
Capacity Days - - 4,626,871 4,123,858 4,123,858 9,343,800
Gross Yield $ 359.70 $ 328.34
Net Yield $ 272.22 $ 251.98
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Gross Cruise Cost, Net Cruise Cost , Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel and Adjusted
Net Cruise Cost Excluding Fuel were calculated as follows (in thousands, except
Capacity Days and per Capacity Day data):
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
June 30, June 30,
2020 2020
Constant Constant
2020 Currency 2019 2020 Currency 2019
Total cruise operating
expense $ 301,652 $ 302,552 $ 958,424 $ 1,295,912 $ 1,296,812 $ 1,785,075
Marketing, general and
administrative expense 131,436 131,600 240,901 402,125 402,289 489,843
Gross Cruise Cost 433,088 434,152 1,199,325 1,698,037 1,699,101 2,274,918
Less:
Commissions,
transportation and
other expense 34,601 34,699 297,691 366,969 367,066 526,955
Onboard and other
expense 3,188 3,188 107,063 78,161 78,161 186,476
Net Cruise Cost 395,299 396,265 794,571 1,252,907 1,253,874 1,561,487
Less: Fuel expense 48,992 48,992 100,531 174,016 174,016 198,784
Net Cruise Cost
Excluding Fuel 346,307 347,273 694,040 1,078,891 1,079,858 1,362,703
Less Non-GAAP
Adjustments:
Non-cash deferred
compensation (1) 666 666 534 1,332 1,332 1,068
Non-cash share-based
compensation (2) 22,389 22,389 29,651 55,147 55,147 56,650
Redeployment of
Norwegian Joy (3) - - 2,035 - - 7,051
Adjusted Net Cruise
Cost Excluding Fuel $ 323,252 $ 324,218 $ 661,820 $ 1,022,412 $ 1,023,379 $ 1,297,934
Capacity Days - - 4,626,871 4,123,858 4,123,858 9,343,800
Gross Cruise Cost per
Capacity Day $ 259.21 $ 243.47
Net Cruise Cost per
Capacity Day $ 171.73 $ 167.11
Net Cruise Cost
Excluding Fuel per
Capacity Day $ 150.00 $ 145.84
Adjusted Net Cruise
Cost Excluding Fuel
per Capacity Day $ 143.04 $ 138.91 (1) Non-cash deferred compensation expenses related to the crew pension plan and
other crew expenses, which are included in payroll and related expense.
Non-cash share-based compensation expenses related to equity awards, which (2) are included in marketing, general and administrative expense and payroll and
related expense.
Expenses related to the redeployment of Norwegian Joy from
operating expense and marketing, general and administrative expense.
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Adjusted Net Income (Loss) and Adjusted EPS were calculated as follows (in thousands, except share and per share data):
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
June 30, June 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Net income (loss) $ (715,243) $ 240,190 $ (2,596,215) $ 358,347
Non-GAAP Adjustments:
Non-cash deferred compensation
(1) 992 879 1,983 1,758
Non-cash share-based compensation
(2) 22,389 29,651 55,147 56,650
Extinguishment and modification
of debt (3) 21,159 1,175 21,159 7,268
Amortization of intangible assets
(4) 2,773 4,603 5,547 9,206
Redeployment of Norwegian Joy (5) - 5,601 - 30,629
Impairment loss (6) 175 - 1,633,337 -
Non-cash interest on beneficial
conversion feature (7) 1,344 - 1,344 -
Adjusted Net Income (Loss) $ (666,411) $ 282,099 $ (877,698) $ 463,858
Diluted weighted-average shares
outstanding - Net income (loss)
and Adjusted Net Income (Loss) 239,342,745 216,810,766 226,486,772 217,837,005
Diluted earnings (loss) per share $ (2.99) $ 1.11 $ (11.46)$ 1.65 Adjusted EPS$ (2.78) $ 1.30 $ (3.88) $ 2.13
Non-cash deferred compensation expenses related to the crew pension plan and (1) other crew expenses, which are included in payroll and related expense and
other income, net.
Non-cash share-based compensation expenses related to equity awards, which (2) are included in marketing, general and administrative expense and payroll and
related expense.
(3) Losses on extinguishment of debt and modification of debt are included in
interest expense, net.
(4) Amortization of intangible assets related to the Acquisition of Prestige,
which are included in depreciation and amortization expense.
Expenses related to the redeployment of Norwegian Joy from
operating expense, marketing, general and administrative expense and
depreciation and amortization expense.
Impairment loss consists of goodwill, tradename and property and equipment (6) impairments. The impairments of goodwill and tradenames are included in
impairment loss and the impairment of property and equipment is included in
depreciation and amortization expense.
Non-cash interest expense related to a beneficial conversion feature (7) recognized on our exchangeable notes, which is recognized in interest
expense, net.
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EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA were calculated as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
June 30, June 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Net income (loss) $ (715,243) $ 240,190 $ (2,596,215) $ 358,347
Interest expense, net 114,537 65,969 183,444 139,472
Income tax (benefit) expense (9,123) 6,138 (15,296) (27,660)
Depreciation and amortization expense 179,252 156,271 377,449 326,012
EBITDA (430,577) 468,568 (2,050,618) 796,171
Other (income) expense, net (1) 14,418 (3,616) 8,595 (3,182)
Non-GAAP Adjustments:
Non-cash deferred compensation (2) 666 534 1,332 1,068
Non-cash share-based compensation (3) 22,389 29,651 55,147 56,650
Redeployment of Norwegian Joy (4) - 2,035
- 7,051
Impairment loss (5) - - 1,607,797 -
Adjusted EBITDA $ (393,104) $ 497,172 $ (377,747) $ 857,758 (1) Primarily consists of gains and losses, net for proceeds from insurance, a
litigation settlement and foreign currency exchanges.
(2) Non-cash deferred compensation expenses related to the crew pension plan and
other crew expenses, which are included in payroll and related expense.
Non-cash share-based compensation expenses related to equity awards, which (3) are included in marketing, general and administrative expense and payroll and
related expense.
Expenses related to the redeployment of Norwegian Joy from
operating expense and marketing, general and administrative expense.
(5) Impairment loss consists of goodwill and tradename impairments.
Three months ended
Revenue
Total revenue decreased 99.0% to$16.9 million in 2020 compared to$1.7 billion in 2019. Net Revenue decreased 101.7% to$(20.9) million in 2020 from$1.3 billion in 2019. In 2020, our total revenue was insignificant. The adverse impact on revenue and Net Revenue was due to the cancellation of sailings in 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. All guests were disembarked from the 28 ships in the Company's fleet byMarch 28, 2020 .
Expense
Total cruise operating expense decreased 68.5% in 2020 compared to 2019. In
2020, our cruise operating expenses were primarily related to the continued
payment of protected commissions as additional sailings were cancelled; crew
costs, including salaries, food and other repatriation costs; and fuel. The
Company has repatriated the majority of its crew. To repatriate crew as soon as
possible, the Company is leveraging certain ships in its fleet to assist with
the repatriation efforts along with utilizing scheduled chartered flights. Gross
Cruise Cost decreased 63.9% in 2020 compared to 2019 primarily related to the
costs described above in addition to a decrease in marketing, general and
administrative expenses from cost savings initiatives in connection with the
COVID-19 pandemic and as described under "Update Regarding COVID-19
Pandemic-Financing Transactions and Cost Containment Measures." Total other
operating expense decreased 21.8% in 2020 compared to 2019 primarily due to the
cost savings described above in marketing, general and administrative expenses
offset by an increase in depreciation and amortization expense. Depreciation and
amortization expense increased primarily due to the delivery of Norwegian Encore
in the fourth quarter of 2019 and Seven Seas Splendor in the first quarter of
2020 as well as ship improvement projects.
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Interest expense, net was$114.5 million in 2020 compared to$66.0 million in 2019. The change in interest expense reflects additional debt outstanding, partially offset by lower LIBOR. Included in 2020 were losses on extinguishment of debt and debt modification costs of$21.2 million compared to$1.2 million in 2019. Other income (expense), net was expense of$14.4 million in 2020 compared to income of$3.6 million in 2019. In 2020, the expense primarily related to losses on foreign currency exchange and losses on fuel hedges released into earnings as a result of the forecasted transactions no longer being probable.
In 2020, we had an income tax benefit of
Six months ended
Revenue Total revenue decreased 58.8% to$1.3 billion in 2020 compared to$3.1 billion in 2019. Net Revenue decreased 65.2% to$0.8 billion in 2020 from$2.4 billion in 2019. The adverse impact on revenue and Net Revenue was due to the cancellation of sailings in 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in a 55.9% decrease in Capacity Days. All guests were disembarked from the 28 ships in the Company's fleet byMarch 28, 2020 .
Expense
Total cruise operating expense decreased 27.4% in 2020 compared to 2019. In 2020, our expenses subsequent to the suspension of cruise voyages primarily includes the cost of protected commissions and crew costs as discussed above. Additionally, during the first quarter of 2020, there was a notable increase from 2019 in fuel expense associated with theInternational Maritime Organization's 2020 regulations, and cruise operating expense increased due to the addition of Norwegian Encore and Seven Seas Splendor to the fleet. Gross Cruise Cost decreased 25.4% in 2020 compared to 2019 primarily due to the changes in cruise operating costs described above in addition to a decrease in marketing, general and administrative expenses, which is primarily due to the cost reductions in marketing and salaries described above. Total other operating expense increased 192.6% in 2020 compared to 2019 primarily due to the impairment of goodwill and tradenames triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic. Depreciation and amortization expense increased primarily due to the delivery of Norwegian Encore in the fourth quarter of 2019 and Seven Seas Splendor in the first quarter of 2020 as well as ship improvement projects. Interest expense, net was$183.4 million in 2020 compared to$139.5 million in 2019. The change in interest expense reflects additional debt outstanding, partially offset by lower LIBOR. Included in 2020 were losses on extinguishment of debt and debt modification costs of$21.2 million compared to$7.3 million in 2019. 44 Table of Contents
Other income (expense), net was expense of$8.6 million in 2020 compared to income of$3.2 million in 2019. In 2020, the expense was primarily due to losses on fuel hedges released into earnings as a result of the forecasted transactions no longer being probable offset by gains from foreign currency exchange. In 2019, the income was primarily due to gains from insurance proceeds and a litigation settlement partially offset by foreign currency exchange losses. In 2020, we had an income tax benefit of$15.3 million compared to$27.7 million in 2019. In 2020, the tax benefit is due to operating losses and the reversal of a valuation allowance. During 2018, we implemented certain tax restructuring strategies that created our ability to utilize the net operating loss carryforwards of Prestige, for which we had previously provided a full valuation allowance. As a result, we recorded a tax benefit of$35.7 million in connection with the reversal of substantially all of the valuation allowance in 2019.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
General
As of
SinceMarch 2020 , we have taken several actions to bolster our financial condition while our global cruise voyages are suspended. InMarch 2020 , NCLC borrowed the full amount of$1.55 billion under its$875 million Revolving Loan Facility and its$675 million Epic Credit Facility, dated as ofMarch 5, 2020 . We have taken additional measures to improve our liquidity by refinancing existing debt amortization, including under our agreements with export credit agencies and related governments, and extending the maturities and refinancing amortization under other agreements, which has resulted in approximately$1.6 billion of payment deferrals. See Note 8 - "Long-Term Debt" for further information. ThroughJune 30, 2020 , the Company received additional financing through various debt financings and an equity offering totaling$2.4 billion in gross proceeds. The equity offering resulted in 41,818,181 shares being issued in exchange for gross proceeds of$460 million . See Note 8 - "Long-Term Debt" for further information on the debt financings. Subsequent toJune 30, 2020 , the Company received another$1.5 billion in gross proceeds from additional debt financings and an additional equity offering, of which approximately$675 million was used to repay in full and terminate the Epic Credit Facility. Refer to Note 8 - "Long-Term Debt" for further information on the debt financings and Note 16 - "Subsequent Events" for further information on the equity financing. The Company has also undertaken several proactive cost reduction and cash conservation measures to mitigate the financial and operational impacts of COVID-19, through the reduction of capital expenditures and operating expenses, including food, fuel, insurance, port charges and reduced crew manning of vessels during the suspension, resulting in lower crew payroll expense. See "-Update Regarding COVID-19 Pandemic-Financing Transactions and Cost Containment Measures" above for further information. After giving effect to the debt deferrals and cash conservation measures implemented, including the potential deferral of or loans for near-term newbuild related payments, the Company's targeted cash burn is on average approximately$160 million per month during the suspension of operations. This includes ongoing ship operating expenses, administrative operating costs, interest expense (including additional expense per month from the capital markets transactions completed inJuly 2020 ), taxes and expected necessary capital expenditures. This excludes cash refunds of customer deposits, which are estimated to be, based on behavior to date, approximately 60% of the Company's balance of advance ticket sales during the suspension of cruise voyages, as well as incoming cash from new bookings and payments on existing bookings. There can be no assurance that the percentage of passengers that accept future cruise certificates over cash refunds will remain in this range as the number of cancelled voyages increases. This also excludes expenses and costs associated with restarting operations and assumes deferral of newbuild capital expenditures and debt amortization throughMarch 31, 2021 . The liquidity requirements presented are an estimate and do not include unforeseen expenses. Based on the liquidity needs described above and our current resources, the Company has sufficient liquidity to satisfy our obligations over the next twelve months and maintain minimum levels of liquidity as required by certain of our debt agreements. 45 Table of Contents
AtJune 30, 2020 , we were in compliance with all of our debt covenants. As part of the Hermes debt holiday and the Supplemental Agreements we have obtained lender consents to waive compliance with financial covenants for a deferral period fromApril 1, 2020 toMarch 31, 2021 . If we do not continue to remain in compliance with our covenants, we would have to seek to amend the covenants. However, no assurances can be made that such amendments would be approved by our lenders. Generally, if an event of default under any debt agreement occurs, then pursuant to cross default and/or cross acceleration clauses, substantially all of our outstanding debt and derivative contract payables could become due, and all debt and derivative contracts could be terminated, which could have a material adverse impact to our operations and liquidity. InMarch 2020 , Moody's downgraded the long-term issuer and senior unsecured debt ratings of NCLC to Ba2 from Ba1, including its corporate family rating and senior secured bank facility, and to B1 from Ba2 on its senior unsecured rating; and inJuly 2020 , Moody's placed our ratings on review for potential downgrade. InApril 2020 , S&P Global downgraded the issuer credit rating of NCLC to BB- from BB+ and, inMay 2020 , based on our recent debt offering, lowered the issuer-level rating on NCLC's senior unsecured notes to B+ from BB- and placed our issuer rating on credit watch with negative implications. If our credit ratings were to be further downgraded, or general market conditions were to ascribe higher risk to our rating levels, our industry, or us, our access to capital and the cost of any debt or equity financing will be further negatively impacted. There is no guarantee that debt or equity financings will be available in the future to fund our obligations, or that they will be available on terms consistent with our expectations. As ofJune 30, 2020 , the Company has advanced ticket sales of$1.2 billion , including the long-term portion, which includes approximately$0.8 billion of future cruise credits. The Company also has agreements with its credit card processors that govern approximately$0.9 billion atJune 30, 2020 in advance ticket sales that have been received by the Company relating to future voyages. These agreements allow the credit card processors to require under certain circumstances, including the existence of a material adverse change, excessive chargebacks and other triggering events, that the Company maintain a reserve which could be satisfied by posting collateral. Currently, we have agreed to provide a reserve consisting of$70 million of cash and preliminarily agreed to provide second priority liens on certain ships with a collective equity value of approximately$700 million based on appraisals as ofDecember 31, 2019 , which could be increased or decreased based on certain conditions. If we do not meet an agreed upon minimum liquidity in the future, we may be required to pledge additional collateral and/or post cash reserves or take other actions that may reduce our liquidity. Collateral may be released upon satisfaction of certain financial metrics. Sources and Uses of Cash
In this section, references to "2020" refer to the six months ended
Net cash used in operating activities was$1.3 billion in 2020 as compared to net cash provided by operating activities of$1.0 billion in 2019. The net cash used in operating activities included timing differences in cash receipts and payments relating to operating assets and liabilities. Advance ticket sales decreased by$844.2 million in 2020 compared to an increase of$558.6 million in 2019.
Net cash used in investing activities was
Net cash provided by financing activities was$4.1 billion in 2020 primarily due to the proceeds of$4.0 billion from our revolving credit facilities, various notes, and newbuild loans partially offset by debt repayments. Additionally, we received net proceeds of$441.9 million from an equity offering. Net cash used in financing activities was$375.6 million in 2019 primarily due to the repurchase of$200.1 million of our ordinary shares, net repayments of our Revolving Loan Facility and the net refinancing of term loans offset by the issuance of new debt.
Future Capital Commitments
Future capital commitments consist of contracted commitments, including ship construction contracts, and future expected capital expenditures necessary for operations as well as our ship refurbishment projects. As ofJune 30, 2020 , 46
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our anticipated capital expenditures, including capitalized interest, were
Project Leonardo will introduce an additional six ships, each approximately 140,000 Gross Tons with approximately 3,300 Berths, with expected delivery dates from 2022 through 2027, subject to certain conditions. For the Regent brand, we have an order for one Explorer Class Ship to be delivered in 2023, which will be approximately 55,000 Gross Tons and 750 Berths. For the Oceania Cruises brand, we have orders for two Allura Class Ships to be delivered in 2023 and 2025. Each of the Allura Class Ships will be approximately 67,000 Gross Tons and 1,200 Berths. The impacts of COVID-19 on the shipyards where our ships are under construction (or will be constructed) have resulted in some delays in expected ship deliveries, and the impacts of COVID-19 could result in additional delays in ship deliveries in the future, which may be prolonged. The combined contract prices of the nine ships on order for delivery was approximately €7.1 billion, or$8.0 billion based on the euro/U.S. dollar exchange rate as ofJune 30, 2020 . We have obtained export credit financing which is expected to fund approximately 80% of the contract price of each ship, subject to certain conditions. We do not anticipate any contractual breaches or cancellations to occur. However, if any such events were to occur, it could result in, among other things, the forfeiture of prior deposits or payments made by us and potential claims and impairment losses which may materially impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Capitalized interest for the three months ended
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
None.
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Contractual Obligations
As of
Less than More than
Total 1 year 1-3 years 3-5 years 5 years
Long-term debt (1) $ 10,689,015 $ 337,338 $ 2,633,020 $ 5,503,351 $ 2,215,306
Operating leases (2) 260,427 37,822 63,082 63,627 95,896
Ship construction contracts (3) 5,269,713 262,397 2,771,298 2,236,018 -
Port facilities (4) 2,087,213 70,137 142,624 150,104 1,724,348
Interest (5) 1,615,202 359,847 669,540 374,106 211,709
Other (6) 1,295,758 299,188 482,063 412,144 102,363
Total (7) $ 21,217,328 $ 1,366,729 $ 6,761,627 $ 8,739,350 $ 4,349,622 Long-term debt excludes discounts, premiums, deferred financing fees and a (1) beneficial conversion feature, which are a direct addition or deduction from
the carrying value of the related debt liability in the consolidated balance
sheets.
(2) Operating leases are primarily for offices, motor vehicles and office
equipment.
Ship construction contracts are for our newbuild ships based on the euro/
dollar exchange rate as of
from syndicates of banks. Approximately
construction contracts due in less than one year are financed under export (3) credit financing, and the Company is finalizing the documentation to defer or
finance approximately
are due in less than one year to increase its near-term liquidity. The amount
does not include the two Project Leonardo ships and one
which were still subject to certain Italian government approvals as of
June 30, 2020 .
Port facilities represent our usage of certain port facilities. Our port
facilities agreements include force majeure provisions that may alleviate an
unspecified amount of obligations under minimum guarantees during the
(4) COVID-19 pandemic. In
that such provisions were being enacted. Customary practice is to prorate
these obligations for the annual period impacted. A portion of our port fees
may be waived as a result of these provisions, including those ports that are
presented within operating leases in the table above.
(5) Interest includes fixed and variable rates with LIBOR held constant as of
Other includes future commitments for service, maintenance and other business
enhancement capital expenditures contracts. Certain contracts contain
provisions which provide for reduced obligations in the case of a ship(s) (6) removed from operations. As a result, we may only be required to cover
reasonable costs during the time period whereby our operations have
temporarily been suspended. These reasonable costs are currently being
negotiated.
of future tax settlements cannot be reasonably determined.
Other
Certain service providers may require collateral in the normal course of our business. The amount of collateral may change based on certain terms and conditions.
As a routine part of our business, depending on market conditions, exchange
rates, pricing and our strategy for growth, we regularly consider opportunities
to enter into contracts for the building of additional ships. We may also
consider the sale of ships, potential acquisitions and strategic alliances. If
any of these were to occur, they may be financed through the incurrence of
additional permitted indebtedness, through cash flows from operations, or
through the issuance of debt, equity or equity-related securities.
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Funding Sources
Certain of our debt agreements contain covenants that, among other things, require us to maintain a minimum level of liquidity, as well as limit our net funded debt-to-capital ratio, and maintain certain other ratios and restrict our ability to pay dividends. Substantially all of our ships and other property and equipment are pledged as collateral for certain of our debt. We believe we were in compliance with these covenants as ofJune 30, 2020 . In addition, our existing debt agreements restrict, and any of our future debt arrangements may restrict, among other things, the ability of our subsidiaries, including NCLC, to make distributions and/or pay dividends to NCLH and NCLH's ability to pay cash dividends to its shareholders. NCLH is a holding company and depends upon its subsidiaries for their ability to pay distributions to it to finance any dividend or pay any other obligations of NCLH. However, we do not believe that these restrictions have had or are expected to have an impact on our ability to meet any cash obligations.
The impact of changes in world economies and especially the global credit markets can create a challenging environment and may reduce future consumer demand for cruises and adversely affect our counterparty credit risks. In the event this environment deteriorates, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely impacted.
In light of the measures described under "Update Regarding COVID-19 -- Financing Transactions and Cost Containment Measures", we believe our cash on hand, expected future operating cash inflows and our ability to issue debt securities or additional equity securities, will be sufficient to fund operations, debt payment requirements, capital expenditures and maintain compliance with covenants under our debt agreements over the next 12-month period. There is no assurance that cash flows from operations and additional financings will be available in the future to fund our future obligations.
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