The 216 passengers and 16 crew on board Tuesday's flight had been moved to makeshift accommodation, given infrastructure limitations at the remote Magadan airport, the airline said in a statement.
The diversion raised questions over how quickly the $200 million U.S.-built plane, whose engines are made by General Electric, could be repaired amid U.S. and European Union sanctions on exports of aviation items to Russia.
"That plane needs to be repaired, mechanics are going on board," India's civil aviation minister, Jyotiraditya Scindia, told reporters, referring to the flight going out to pick up the stranded passengers.
"I don't know how long it will take to repair that aircraft but passengers will be taken to their ultimate destination."
A source at the Magadan airport told Reuters that Air India engineers would arrive on the reserve plane with spare parts.
Less than 50 U.S. citizens were aboard the Air India flight, the U.S. State Department said on Wednesday. State Department deputy spokesperson Vedant Patel told reporters the department is not aware of any outreach from the American citizens on board the flight to the U.S. embassy in Russia.
A stranded passenger named Gagan told Indian broadcaster NDTV there were many U.S. citizens on the flight who were worried, given the tension between Russia and the United States.
"There are a lot a nervous people here," the passenger said.
Air India did not immediately respond to a request for information on the passengers' nationalities.
Angry passengers took to Twitter to complain about inadequate supply of food at their accommodation, which they said looked like a school.
One user said his mother had been given tea, bread and some rice on Tuesday but there was later no contact as she wanted to save her phone battery as there was only one power outlet.
Air India said as it did not have any staff in Russia and the support being provided to the passengers was "the best possible in this unusual circumstance".
"The ferry flight would be carrying food and other essentials for our passengers," the airline said.
"All of us at Air India are ... making every effort possible to operate the ferry flight as soon as possible, and to ensure the health, safety, and security of all while they wait."
(Reporting by Tanvi Mehta in New Delhi, Lidia Kelly in Melbourne and Gleb Stolyarov, additional reporting by Krishna N. Das and David Shepardson, Simon Lewis and Daphne Psaledakis; Editing by Gerry Doyle, Elaine Hardcastle and Sharon Singleton)
By Tanvi Mehta and Neha Arora
