But with top exporters Australia and Indonesia having already hit production limits, and major producer South Africa constrained by logistical problems, some importers may struggle to maintain supply levels.

The expected rush is likely to keep global coal prices elevated.

The EU ban is set to take effect from mid-August, a month later than initially planned.

That's according to two EU sources, following pressure from Germany to delay the measure.

South Africa's Exxaro Resources told Reuters it had already received numerous requests from European countries wanting to sign supply contracts.

It said it has the right quality of coal for the European market, but that current production has already been allocated, and that the country's struggling rail network means miners will not be able to export more to meet the increased demand.

German energy company Uniper said it has taken steps to ensure its coal-fired power plants in Europe can be technically operated without Russian coal, and decided not to extend its Russian supply contracts.

Australia's Whitehaven Coal and New Hope Corp said they have been approached by prospective customers but their priority was to serve existing clients.

In Asia, at least two utilities in Japan and South Korea have halted Russian coal imports.

Others may follow suit if sanctions are expanded.