This information should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes to the financial statements included with this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The discussion and analysis that follows may contain statements that relate to future events or future performance. In some cases, such forward-looking statements can be identified by terminology such as "will," "may," "should," "expect," "plan," "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "predict," "potential," "intend," "project," "seek" or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. None of the Trust, the Sponsor, the Trustee, or the Administrator assumes responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of any forward-looking statements. Except as expressly required by federal securities laws, none of the Trust, the Sponsor, the Trustee, or the Administrator is under a duty to update any of the forward-looking statements to conform such statements to actual results or to a change in expectations or predictions. Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to inherent uncertainties, risk and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict and many of which are outside of the Funds' control. The Funds' forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future results and conditions and important factors, risks and uncertainties in the markets for financial instruments that the Funds trade, in the markets for related physical commodities, in the legal and regulatory regimes applicable to the Sponsor, the Funds, and the Funds' service providers, and in the broader economy may cause the Funds' actual results to differ materially from those expressed in forward-looking statements. Introduction Each of the Funds generally invests in Financial Instruments (i.e., instruments whose value is derived from the value of an underlying asset, rate or index), including futures contracts, swap agreements, forward contracts and other instruments as a substitute for investing directly in commodities, currencies, or spot volatility products in order to gain exposure to its applicable underlying commodity futures index, commodity, currency exchange rate or equity volatility index. Financial Instruments also are used to produce economically "inverse," "inverse leveraged" or "leveraged" investment results for the Geared Funds. As further described in Item 1 in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, each"Short" Fund seeks daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to either one-half the inverse (-0.5x) or the inverse (-1x) of the daily performance of its corresponding benchmark. Each "UltraShort" Fund seeks daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times the inverse (-2x) of the daily performance of its corresponding benchmark. Each "Ultra" Fund seeks daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to either one and one-half times (1.5x) or two times (2x) the daily performance of its corresponding benchmark.Each Matching VIX Fund seeks investment results, before fees and expenses, both over a single day and over time, that match (1x) the performance of its corresponding benchmark. Daily performance is measured from the calculation of each Fund's net asset value ("NAV") to the Fund's next NAV calculation.Each Geared Fund seeks investment results for a single day only, not for any other period. This is different from most exchange-traded funds and means that the return of such Fund for a period longer than a single trading day will be the result of each day's returns compounded over the period, which will very likely differ from -0.5x, -1x, -2x, 1.5x, or 2x of the return of the benchmark to which such Fund is benchmarked for that period. In periods of higher market volatility, the volatility of the benchmark may be at least as important to aGeared Fund's return for the period as the return of the benchmark. Geared Funds, that use leverage, are riskier than similarly benchmarked exchange-traded funds that do not use leverage. Accordingly, these Funds may not be suitable for all investors and should be used only by knowledgeable investors who understand the potential consequences of seeking daily leveraged, inverse or inverse leveraged investment results. Shareholders who invest in the Geared Funds should actively manage and monitor their investments, as frequently as daily.The Matching VIX Fund seeks results, before fees and expenses, that match the performance of the S&P 500 VIX Short-Term Futures Index (the "Short-Term VIX Index") or the S&P 500 VIX Mid-Term Futures Index (the "Mid-Term VIX Index") (each a "VIX Futures Index").Each Geared VIX Fund seeks daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to one-half the 71
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Table of Contents inverse, or the inverse multiple of the daily performance of the Short-Term VIX Index.Each VIX Fund intends to obtain exposure to its benchmark by investing primarily in futures contracts ("VIX futures contracts") based on theChicago Board Options Exchange ("Cboe") Volatility Index (the "VIX"). ProShares UltraShort Bloomberg Crude Oil,ProShares UltraShort Bloomberg Natural Gas , ProShares Ultra Bloomberg Crude Oil, andProShares Ultra Bloomberg Natural Gas are benchmarked to Indices designed to track the performance of commodity futures contracts, as applicable. The daily performance of these Indexes and the corresponding Funds will likely be very different from the daily performance of the price of the related physical commodities. Liquidity and Capital Resources In order to collateralize derivatives positions in indices, commodities or currencies, a portion of the NAV of each Fund is held in cash and/orU.S. Treasury securities, agency securities, or other high credit quality short term fixed-income or similar securities (such as shares of money market funds, bank deposits, bank money market accounts, certain variable rate-demand notes and repurchase agreements collateralized by government securities, whether denominated inU.S. dollars or the applicable foreign currency with respect to aCurrency Fund ). A portion of these investments may be posted as collateral in connection with swap agreements, futures, and/or forward contracts. The percentage thatU.S. Treasury bills and other short-term fixed-income securities bear to the shareholders' equity of each Fund varies from period to period as the market values of the underlying swaps, futures contracts and forward contracts change. During the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019, each of the Funds earned interest income as follows: Interest Income Interest Income Year Ended Year Ended Fund December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 ProShares Short Euro $ 8,193 $ 314,021 ProShares Short VIX Short-Term Futures ETF 941,584 5,618,666 ProShares Ultra Bloomberg Crude Oil 1,930,769 7,627,706 ProShares Ultra Bloomberg Natural Gas 206,527 589,183 ProShares Ultra Euro 16,819 121,071 ProShares Ultra Gold 594,847 1,798,692 ProShares Ultra Silver 1,134,396 3,823,565 ProShares Ultra VIX Short-Term Futures ETF 1,707,491 7,903,309 ProShares Ultra Yen 9,427 78,463 ProShares UltraPro 3x Crude Oil ETF * 346,326 2,114,130 ProShares UltraPro 3x Short Crude Oil ETF * 166,789 562,435 ProShares UltraShort Australian Dollar 20,907 159,039 ProShares UltraShort Bloomberg Crude Oil 268,844 1,570,676 ProShares UltraShort Bloomberg Natural Gas 59,046 167,939 ProShares UltraShort Euro 499,520 2,822,207 ProShares UltraShort Gold 67,722 380,158 ProShares UltraShort Silver 52,402 279,294 ProShares UltraShort Yen 139,822 1,007,112 ProShares VIX Mid-Term Futures ETF 214,449 903,643 ProShares VIX Short-Term Futures ETF 1,152,242 4,458,270
* The operations include the activity of ProShares UltraPro 3x Crude Oil ETF
through
Each Fund's underlying swaps, futures, options, forward contracts and foreign currency forward contracts, as applicable, may be subject to periods of illiquidity because of market conditions, regulatory considerations and other reasons. For example, swaps and forward contracts are not traded on an exchange, do not have uniform terms and conditions, and in general are not transferable without the consent of the counterparty. In the case of futures contracts, commodity exchanges may limit fluctuations in certain futures contract prices during a single day by regulations referred to as "daily limits." During a single day, no futures trades may be executed at prices beyond the daily limit. Once the price of a futures contract has increased or decreased by an amount equal to the daily limit, positions in such futures contracts can neither be taken nor liquidated unless the traders are willing to effect trades at or within the limit. Futures contract prices have occasionally moved to the daily limit for several consecutive days with little or no trading. Such market conditions could prevent a Fund from promptly liquidating its futures positions. Entry into swap agreements or forward contracts may further impact liquidity because these contractual agreements are executed "off-exchange" between private parties and, therefore, the time required to offset or "unwind" these positions may be greater than that for exchange-traded instruments. This potential delay could be exacerbated to the extent a counterparty is not aUnited States person. 72
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Table of Contents The large size of the positions in which a Fund may acquire increases the risk of illiquidity by both making their positions more difficult to liquidate and increasing the losses incurred while trying to do so. Any type of disruption or illiquidity will potentially be exacerbated due to the fact that the Funds will typically invest in Financial Investments related to one benchmark, which in many cases is highly concentrated. Because each Fund may enter into swaps and may trade futures and forward contracts, its capital is at risk due to changes in the value of these contracts (market risk) or the inability of counterparties to perform under the terms of the contracts (credit risk). Market Risk Trading in derivatives contracts involves each Fund entering into contractual commitments to purchase or sell a commodity, currency or spot volatility product underlying such Fund's benchmark at a specified date and price, should it hold such derivative contract into the deliverable period. Should a Fund enter into a contractual commitment to sell a physical commodity, currency or spot volatility product, it would be required to make delivery of that commodity, currency or spot volatility product at the contract price and then repurchase the contract at prevailing market prices or settle in cash. Since the repurchase price to which the value of a commodity, currency or spot volatility product can rise is unlimited, entering into commitments to sell commodities, currencies or spot volatility products would expose a Fund to theoretically unlimited risk. For more information, see "Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk" in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Credit Risk When a Fund enters into swap agreements, futures contracts or forward contracts, the Fund is exposed to credit risk that the counterparty to the contract will not meet its obligations. The counterparty for futures contracts traded onUnited States and most foreign futures exchanges as well as certain swaps is the clearing house associated with the particular exchange. In general, clearing houses are backed by their corporate members who may be required to share in the financial burden resulting from the nonperformance by one of their members and, as such, should significantly reduce this credit risk. In cases where the clearing house is not backed by the clearing members (i.e., some foreign exchanges, which may become applicable in the future), it may be backed by a consortium of banks or other financial institutions. Certain swap and forward agreements are contracted for directly with counterparties. There can be no assurance that any counterparty, clearing member or clearing house will meet its obligations to a Fund. Swap agreements do not generally involve the delivery of underlying assets either at the outset of a transaction or upon settlement. Accordingly, if the counterparty to an OTC swap agreement defaults, the Fund's risk of loss typically consists of the net amount of payments that the Fund is contractually entitled to receive, if any. Swap counterparty risk is generally limited to the amount of any unrealized gains, although in the event of a counterparty bankruptcy, there could be delays and costs associated with the recovery of collateral posted in segregated tri-party accounts at the Fund's custodian bank. Forward agreements do not involve the delivery of assets at the onset of a transaction, but may be settled physically in the underlying asset if such contracts are held to expiration, particularly in the case of currency forwards. Thus, prior to settlement, if the counterparty to a forward contract defaults, a Fund's risk of loss will generally consist of the net amount of payments that the Fund is contractually entitled to receive, if any. However, if physically settled forwards are held until expiration (presently, there is no plan to do this), at the time of settlement, a Fund may be at risk for the full notional value of the forward contracts depending on the type of settlement procedures used. The Sponsor attempts to minimize certain of these market and credit risks by normally: • executing and clearing trades with creditworthy counterparties, as determined by the Sponsor; • limiting the outstanding amounts due from counterparties to the Funds; • not posting margin directly with a counterparty; • requiring that the counterparty posts collateral in amounts approximately equal to that owed to the Funds, as marked to market daily, subject to certain minimum thresholds; • limiting the amount of margin or premium posted at a FCM; and • ensuring that deliverable contracts are not held to such a date when delivery of the underlying asset could be called for. 73
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Table of Contents Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations As ofFebruary 11, 2021 , the Funds have not used, nor do they expect to use in the future, special purpose entities to facilitate off-balance sheet financing arrangements and have no loan guarantee arrangements or off-balance sheet arrangements of any kind other than agreements entered into in the normal course of business, which may include indemnification provisions related to certain risks service providers undertake in performing services which are in the best interests of the Funds. While each Fund's exposure under such indemnification provisions cannot be estimated, these general business indemnifications are not expected to have a material impact on a Fund's financial position. Management fee payments made to the Sponsor are calculated as a fixed percentage of each Fund's NAV. As such, the Sponsor cannot anticipate the payment amounts that will be required under these arrangements for future periods as NAVs are not known until a future date. The agreement with the Sponsor may be terminated by either party upon 30 days written notice to the other party. Critical Accounting Policies Preparation of the financial statements and related disclosures in compliance with accounting principles generally accepted inthe United States of America requires the application of appropriate accounting rules and guidance, as well as the use of estimates. The Trust's and the Funds' application of these policies involves judgments and actual results may differ from the estimates used.Each Fund has significant exposure to Financial Instruments. The Funds hold a significant portion of their assets in swaps, futures, forward contracts or foreign currency forward contracts, all of which are recorded on a trade date basis and at fair value in the financial statements, with changes in fair value reported in the Statements of Operations. The use of fair value to measure Financial Instruments, with related unrealized gains or losses recognized in earnings in each period, is fundamental to the Trust's and the Funds' financial statements. The fair value of a Financial Instrument is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (the exit price). For financial reporting purposes, the Funds value investments based upon the closing price in their primary markets. Accordingly, the investment valuations in these financial statements may differ from those used in the calculation of certain Funds' final creation/redemption NAV for the period endedDecember 31, 2020 . Short-term investments are valued at amortized cost which approximates fair value for daily NAV purposes. For financial reporting purposes, short-term investments are valued at their market price using information provided by a third-party pricing service or market quotations. Derivatives (e.g., futures contracts, options, swap agreements, forward agreements and foreign currency forward contracts) are generally valued using independent sources and/or agreements with counterparties or other procedures as determined by the Sponsor. Futures contracts, except for those entered into by the Gold, Silver, Australian Dollar and Short Euro Funds, are generally valued at the last settled price on the applicable exchange on which that future trades. Futures contracts entered into by the Gold, Silver, Australian Dollar and Short Euro Funds are valued at the last sales price prior to the time at which the NAV per Share of a Fund is determined. For financial reporting purposes, all futures contracts are valued at last settled price. Futures contracts valuations are typically categorized as Level I in the fair value hierarchy. Swap agreements, forward agreements and foreign currency forward contracts valuations are typically categorized as Level II in the fair value hierarchy. The Sponsor may in its sole discretion choose to determine a fair value price as the basis for determining the market value of such position. Such fair value prices would be generally determined based on available inputs about the current value of the underlying financial instrument or commodity and would be based on principles that the Sponsor deems fair and equitable so long as such principles are consistent with normal industry standards. The Sponsor may fair value an asset of a Fund pursuant to the policies the Sponsor has adopted, which are consistent with normal industry standards. Depending on the source and relevant significance of valuation inputs, these instruments may be classified as Level II or Level III in the fair value hierarchy. Fair value pricing may require subjective determinations about the value of an investment. While each Fund's policy is intended to result in a calculation of the Fund's NAV that fairly reflects investment values as of the time of pricing, the Funds cannot ensure that fair values determined by the Sponsor or persons acting at their direction would accurately reflect the price that the Fund could obtain for an investment if it were to dispose of that investment as of the time of pricing (for instance, in a forced or distressed sale). The prices used by a Fund may differ from the value that would be realized if the investments were sold and the differences could be material to the financial statements. The Funds disclose the fair value of their investments in a hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. 74
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Table of Contents Discounts on short-term securities purchased are amortized and reflected as Interest Income in the Statements of Operations. Realized gains (losses) and changes in unrealized gain (loss) on open investments are determined on a specific identification basis and recognized in the Statements of Operations in the period in which the contract is closed or the changes occur, respectively.Each Fund pays its respective brokerage commissions, including applicable exchange fees, NFA fees, give up fees, pit brokerage fees and other transaction related fees and expenses charged in connection with trading activities for each Fund's investment inU.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission regulated investments. Brokerage commissions on futures contracts are recognized on a half-turn basis. The Sponsor is currently paying brokerage commissions in VIX futures contracts for the Matching VIX Funds that exceed variable create/redeem fees collected by more than 0.02% of theMatching VIX Fund's average net assets annually. Results of Operations for the Year EndedDecember 31, 2020 Compared to the Year EndedDecember 31, 2019 For discussion of 2019 results and comparison with 2018 results refer to "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year endedDecember 31, 2019 . ProShares Short Euro Fund Performance The following table provides summary performance information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 NAV beginning of period $ 2,282,195 $ 8,619,686 NAV end of period $ 4,191,955 $ 2,282,195 Percentage change in NAV 83.7 % (73.5 )% Shares outstanding beginning of period 50,000 200,000 Shares outstanding end of period 100,000 50,000 Percentage change in shares outstanding 100.0 % (75.0 )% Shares created 50,000 300,000 Shares redeemed - 450,000 Per share NAV beginning of period $ 45.64 $ 43.10 Per share NAV end of period $ 41.92 $ 45.64 Percentage change in per share NAV (8.2 )% 5.9 % Percentage change in benchmark 8.9 % (2.1 )% Benchmark annualized volatility 7.5 % 5.1 % During the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , the increase in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from an increase from 50,000 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 to 100,000 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2020 . The increase in the Fund's NAV was offset by the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to the inverse (-1x) of the daily performance of the spot price of the euro versus theU.S. dollar. By comparison, during the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , the decrease in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from a decrease from 200,000 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2018 to 50,000 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 . The decrease in the Fund's NAV was offset by the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to the inverse (-1x) of the daily performance of the spot price of the euro versus theU.S. dollar. For the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019, the Fund's daily performance had a statistical correlation over 0.99 of the inverse of the daily performance of its benchmark. The Fund's per Share NAV decrease of 8.2% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the Fund's per Share NAV increase of 5.9% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , was primarily due to depreciation in the value of the assets held by the Fund during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . The benchmark's rise of 8.9% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the benchmark's decline of 2.1% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , can be attributed to an increase in the value of the euro versus theU.S. dollar during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . 75
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Table of Contents Net Income/Loss The following table provides summary income information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Net investment income (loss) $ (16,777 ) $ 176,251 Management fee 24,443 135,292 Brokerage commissions 448 2,478 Non-recurring fees and expenses 79 - Net realized gain (loss) (200,965 ) 973,665 Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) (30,656 ) 29,313 Net income (loss) $ (248,398 ) $ 1,179,229 The Fund's net income decreased for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 as compared to the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , primarily due to an increase in the value of the euro versus theU.S. dollar during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . ProShares Short VIX Short-Term Futures ETF Fund Performance The following table provides summary performance information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 NAV beginning of period$ 284,437,179 $ 344,596,263 NAV end of period$ 409,371,468 $ 284,437,179 Percentage change in NAV 43.9 % (17.5 )% Shares outstanding beginning of period 4,334,307 8,134,307 Shares outstanding end of period 9,884,307 4,334,307 Percentage change in shares outstanding 128.0 % (46.7 )% Shares created 27,050,000 1,500,000 Shares redeemed 21,500,000 5,300,000 Per share NAV beginning of period $ 65.62 $ 42.36 Per share NAV end of period $ 41.42 $ 65.62 Percentage change in per share NAV (36.9 )% 54.9 % Percentage change in benchmark 13.2 % (67.8 )% Benchmark annualized volatility 102.6 % 60.4 % OnMonday, October 26, 2020 , theChicago Futures Exchange (a subsidiary of theChicago Board Options Exchange ) changed the settlement time for the VIX futures contracts in which the Fund invests from4:15 p.m. (Eastern Time) to 4:00 p.m. (Eastern Time) . As a result, onMonday, October 26, 2020 ,S&P Dow Jones Indices revised the index methodology for the S&P 500 ® VIX Short-Term Futures Index, the benchmark for ProShares Short VIX Short-Term Futures ETF, to reflect the new settlement time. As a result of these changes to the settlement time for VIX futures contracts and the Index methodology, onMonday, October 26, 2020 the Fund changed its NAV calculation time from4:15 p.m. (Eastern Time) to 4:00 p.m. (Eastern Time) . Additional information about the calculation of NAV is included in the Fund's Prospectus. During the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , the increase in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from an increase from 4,334,307 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 to 9,884,307 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2020 . The increase in the Fund's NAV was offset by the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to one-half the inverse (-0.5x) of the daily performance of the S&P 500 VIX Short-Term Futures Index. By comparison, during the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , the decrease in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from a decrease from 8,134,307 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2018 to 4,334,307 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 . The decrease in the Fund's NAV was offset by the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to one-half the inverse (-0.5x) of the daily performance of the S&P 500 VIX Short-Term Futures Index. For the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019, the Fund's daily performance had a statistical correlation over 0.99 to 0.5x of the inverse of the daily performance of its benchmark. The Fund's per Share NAV decrease of 36.9% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the Fund's per Share NAV increase of 54.9% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , was primarily due to depreciation in the value of the assets held by the Fund during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . 76
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Table of Contents The benchmark's rise of 13.2% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the benchmark's decline of 67.8% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , can be attributed to an increase in the value of futures prices during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . Net Income/Loss The following table provides summary income information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Net investment income (loss)$ (5,269,562 ) $ 1,162,163 Management fee 4,469,701 3,333,950 Brokerage commissions 712,651 723,282 Non-recurring fees and expenses 23,391 398,550 Net realized gain (loss) (72,610,082 ) 125,641,839 Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) (1,907,863 ) 24,733,759 Net income (loss)$ (79,787,507 ) $ 151,537,761 The Fund's net income decreased for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 as compared to the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , primarily due to an increase in the value of the futures prices during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . ProShares Ultra Bloomberg Crude Oil * Fund Performance The following table provides summary performance information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 NAV beginning of period$ 309,844,582 $ 368,399,654 NAV end of period$ 902,739,250 $ 309,844,582 Percentage change in NAV 191.4 % (15.9 )% Shares outstanding beginning of period 608,453 1,128,453 Shares outstanding end of period 24,810,774 608,453 Percentage change in shares outstanding 3,977.7 % (46.1 )% Shares created 120,812,000 1,362,000 Shares redeemed 96,609,679 1,882,000 Per share NAV beginning of period $ 509.23 $ 326.46 Per share NAV end of period $ 36.38 $ 509.23 Percentage change in per share NAV (92.9 )% 56.0 % Percentage change in benchmark (24.1 )% 34.4 % Benchmark annualized volatility 80.1 % 33.7 % OnJune 25, 2020 , the Trust announced that the ProShares Ultra Bloomberg Crude Oil would change its benchmark. The ProShares Ultra Bloomberg Crude Oil struck its NAV using its new benchmark for the first time onSeptember 17, 2020 . The new benchmark for the ProShares Ultra Bloomberg Crude Oil is the Bloomberg Commodity Balanced WTI Crude Oil Index SM (the "New Benchmark", ticker: BCBCLI Index). Prior toSeptember 17, 2020 , the benchmark for the ProShares Ultra Bloomberg Crude Oil was the Bloomberg WTI Crude Oil Subindex SM . The investment objective of Fund is to seek daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times (2x) of the daily performance of the New Benchmark. The New Benchmark aims to track the performance of three separate contract schedules for WTI Crude Oil futures traded on NYMEX. The contract schedules are equally-weighted in the New Benchmark (1/3 each) at each semi-annual reset in March and September. At each reset date, one-third of the New Benchmark is designated to follow a monthly roll schedule. Each month this portion of the New Benchmark rolls from the current futures contract (called "Lead" by Bloomberg, and which expires one month out) into the following month's contract (called "Next" by Bloomberg and which expires two months out). The second portion of the New Benchmark is always designated to be in a June contract, and follows an annual roll schedule in March of each year in which the June contract expiring in the current year is rolled into the June contract expiring the following year. The remaining portion is always designated to be in a December contract, and follows an annual roll schedule in September of each year in which the December contract expiring in the current year is rolled into the December contract expiring the following year. The weighting (i.e., percentage) of each of the three contract schedules included in the New Benchmark fluctuates above or below one third between the semi-annual reset dates due to changing futures prices and the impact of rolling the futures positions. As a result, the weighting of each contract in the New Benchmark will "drift" away from equal weighting. The New Benchmark reflects the cost of rolling the futures contracts 77
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Table of Contents included in the New Benchmark, without regard to income earned on cash positions. The New Benchmark is not linked to the "spot" price of WTI crude oil. During the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , the increase in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from an increase from 608,453 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 to 24,810,774 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2020 . The increase in the Fund's NAV was offset by the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times (2x) the daily performance of the Bloomberg WTI Crude Oil Subindex SM throughSeptember 16, 2020 and the Bloomberg Commodity Balance WTI Crude Oil Index SM fromSeptember 17, 2020 throughDecember 31, 2020 . By comparison, during the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , the decrease in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from a decrease from 1,128,453 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2018 to 608,453 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 . The decrease in the Fund's NAV was offset by the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times (2x) the daily performance of the Bloomberg WTI Crude Oil Subindex SM . For the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , the Fund's Daily performance had a statistical correlation over 0.92 to 2x of the daily performance of its benchmark. For the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , the Fund's daily performance had a statistical correlation over 0.99 to 2x of the daily performance of its benchmark. The Fund's per Share NAV decrease of 92.9% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the Fund's per Share NAV increase of 56.0% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , was primarily due to depreciation in the value of the assets held by the Fund during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . The new benchmark's decline of 24.1% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the former Bloomberg WTI Crude Oil Subindex SM benchmark's rise of 34.4% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , can be attributed to a decrease in the value of WTI Crude Oil during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . Net Income/Loss The following table provides summary income information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Net investment income (loss)$ (11,023,311 ) $ 3,864,584 Management fee 9,256,478 3,612,580 Brokerage commissions 2,144,028 150,542 Non-recurring fees and expenses 61,679 - Net realized gain (loss) (688,299,044 ) 144,188,809 Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) 140,214,372 109,396,338 Net income (loss)$ (559,107,983 ) $ 257,449,731
The Fund's net income decreased for the year ended
* See Note 1 of the Notes to Financial Statements in Item 15 of part IV in this
Annual Report on Form
10-K
regarding the reverse Share split for the ProShares Ultra Bloomberg Crude Oil.
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Table of ContentsProShares Ultra Bloomberg Natural Gas * Fund Performance The following table provides summary performance information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 NAV beginning of period$ 45,160,205 $ 14,617,440 NAV end of period$ 169,800,371 $ 45,160,205 Percentage change in NAV 276.0 % 208.9 % Shares outstanding beginning of period 537,815 57,815 Shares outstanding end of period 8,087,527 537,815 Percentage change in shares outstanding 1,403.8 % 830.2 % Shares created 16,685,000 825,000 Shares redeemed 9,135,288 345,000 Per share NAV beginning of period $ 83.97 $ 252.83 Per share NAV end of period $ 21.00 $ 83.97 Percentage change in per share NAV (75.0 )% (66.8 )% Percentage change in benchmark (42.0 )% (37.2 )% Benchmark annualized volatility 52.7 % 36.1 % During the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , the increase in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from an increase from 537,815 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 to 8,087,527 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2020 . The increase in the Fund's NAV was offset by the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times (2x) the daily performance of the Bloomberg Natural Gas Subindex SM . By comparison, during the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , the increase in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from an increase from 57,815 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2018 to 537,815 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 . The increase in the Fund's NAV was offset by the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times (2x) the daily performance of the Bloomberg Natural Gas Subindex SM . For the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019, the Fund's daily performance had a statistical correlation over 0.99 to 2x of the daily performance of its benchmark. The Fund's per Share NAV decrease of 75.0% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the Fund's per Share NAV decrease of 66.8% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , was primarily due to greater depreciation in the value of the assets held by the Fund during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . The benchmark's decline of 42.0% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the benchmark's decline of 37.2% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , can be attributed to a greater decrease in the value ofHenry Hub Natural Gas during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . Net Income/Loss The following table provides summary income information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Net investment income (loss) $ (939,900 ) $ 162,388 Management fee 674,810 297,043 Brokerage commissions 377,630 129,752 Non-recurring fees and expenses 1,545 - Net realized gain (loss) (53,326,797 ) (32,380,218 ) Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) 9,151,863 7,672,614 Net income (loss)$ (45,114,834 ) $ (24,545,216 )
The Fund's net income decreased for the year ended
* See Note 1 of the Notes to Financial Statements in Item 15 of part IV in this
Annual Report on Form
10-K
regarding the reverse Share split for the ProShares Ultra Bloomberg Natural
Gas. 79
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Table of Contents ProShares Ultra Euro Fund Performance The following table provides summary performance information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 NAV beginning of period $ 6,204,424 $ 7,544,569 NAV end of period $ 4,737,350 $ 6,204,424 Percentage change in NAV (23.6 )% (17.8 )% Shares outstanding beginning of period 450,000 500,000 Shares outstanding end of period 300,000 450,000 Percentage change in shares outstanding (33.3 )% (10.0 )% Shares created 250,000 100,000 Shares redeemed 400,000 150,000 Per share NAV beginning of period $ 13.79 $ 15.09 Per share NAV end of period $ 15.79 $ 13.79 Percentage change in per share NAV 14.5 % (8.6 )% Percentage change in benchmark 8.9 % (2.1 )% Benchmark annualized volatility 7.5 % 5.1 % During the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , the decrease in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from a decrease from 450,000 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 to 300,000 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2020 . The decrease in the Fund's NAV was offset by the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times (2x) the daily performance of the spot price of the euro versus theU.S. dollar. By comparison, during the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , the decrease in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from a decrease from 500,000 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2018 to 450,000 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 . The decrease in the Fund's NAV also resulted in part from the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times (2x) the daily performance of the spot price of the euro versus theU.S. dollar. For the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019, the Fund's daily performance had a statistical correlation over 0.99 to 2x of the daily performance of its benchmark. The Fund's per Share NAV increase of 14.5% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the Fund's per Share NAV decrease of 8.6% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , was primarily due to an appreciation in the value of the assets held by the Fund during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . The benchmark's rise of 8.9% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the benchmark's decline of 2.1% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , can be attributed to an increase in the value of the euro versus theU.S. dollar during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . Net Income/Loss The following table provides summary income information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Net investment income (loss) $ (27,606 ) $ 58,528 Management fee 44,302 62,543
Non-recurring
fees and expenses 123 - Net realized gain (loss) 504,035 (722,691 ) Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) (21,469 ) 52,274 Net income (loss) $ 454,960 $ (611,889 )
The Fund's net income increased for the year ended
80
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Table of Contents ProShares Ultra Gold Fund Performance The following table provides summary performance information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 NAV beginning of period$ 110,726,032 $ 83,523,294 NAV end of period$ 263,540,473 $ 110,726,032 Percentage change in NAV 138.0 % 32.6 % Shares outstanding beginning of period 2,250,000 2,250,000 Shares outstanding end of period 3,900,000 2,250,000 Percentage change in shares outstanding 73.3 % - % Shares created 3,500,000 900,000 Shares redeemed 1,850,000 900,000 Per share NAV beginning of period $ 49.21 $ 37.12 Per share NAV end of period $ 67.57 $ 49.21 Percentage change in per share NAV 37.3 % 32.6 % Percentage change in benchmark 20.9 % 18.0 % Benchmark annualized volatility 21.5 % 11.5 % OnDecember 20, 2018 , the Trust announced that theProShares Ultra Gold Fund would change its benchmark to the Bloomberg Gold Subindex (ticker: BCOMGC).The ProShares Ultra Gold Fund struck its NAV using its new benchmark for the first time onJanuary 7, 2019 . Previously, the benchmark for theProShares Ultra Gold Fund was the LBMA Gold Price PM. During the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , the increase in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from an increase from 2,250,000 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 to 3,900,000 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2020 . The increase in the Fund's NAV also resulted in part from the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times (2x) the daily performance of the Bloomberg Gold Subindex SM . By comparison, during the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , the increase in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times (2x) the daily performance of the Bloomberg Gold Subindex SM . There was no net change in the Fund's outstanding Shares fromDecember 31, 2018 toDecember 31, 2019 . For the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019, the Fund's daily performance had a statistical correlation over 0.99 to 2x of the daily performance of its benchmark. The Fund's per Share NAV increase of 37.3% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the Fund's per Share NAV increase of 32.6% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , was primarily due to greater appreciation in the value of the assets held by the Fund during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . The benchmark's rise of 20.9% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the benchmark's rise of 18.0% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , can be attributed to a greater increase in the value of futures prices during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . Net Income/Loss The following table provides summary income information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Net investment income (loss)$ (1,424,530 ) $ 902,937 Management fee 1,916,092 884,410 Brokerage commissions 39,462 11,345 Non-recurring fees and expenses 4,754 - Net realized gain (loss) 35,452,046 19,588,339 Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) (353,150 ) 3,815,690 Net income (loss)$ 33,674,366 $ 24,306,966
The Fund's net income increased for the year ended
81
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Table of Contents ProShares Ultra Silver Fund Performance The following table provides summary performance information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 NAV beginning of period$ 239,254,842 $ 201,824,376 NAV end of period$ 745,304,028 $ 239,254,842 Percentage change in NAV 211.5 % 18.5 % Shares outstanding beginning of period 7,546,526 7,646,526 Shares outstanding end of period 14,696,526 7,546,526 Percentage change in shares outstanding 94.7 % (1.3 )% Shares created 13,500,000 2,300,000 Shares redeemed 6,350,000 2,400,000 Per share NAV beginning of period $ 31.70 $ 26.39 Per share NAV end of period $ 50.71 $ 31.70 Percentage change in per share NAV 60.0 % 20.1 % Percentage change in benchmark 42.5 % 13.9 % Benchmark annualized volatility 46.1 % 19.6 % OnDecember 20, 2018 , the Trust announced that theProShares Ultra Silver Fund would change its benchmark to the Bloomberg Silver Subindex (ticker: BCOMSI).The ProShares Ultra Silver Fund struck its NAV using its new benchmark for the first time onJanuary 7, 2019 . Previously, the benchmark for theProShares Ultra Silver Fund was the LondonSilver Price . During the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , the increase in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from an increase from 7,546,526 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 to 14,696,526 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2020 . The increase in the Fund's NAV also resulted in part from the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times (2x) the daily performance of the Bloomberg Silver Subindex SM . By comparison, during the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , the increase in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times (2x) the daily performance of the Bloomberg Silver Subindex SM . The increase in the Fund's NAV was offset by a decrease from 7,646,526 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2018 to 7,546,526 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 . For the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019, the Fund's daily performance had a statistical correlation over 0.99 to 2x of the daily performance of its benchmark. The Fund's per Share NAV increase of 60.0% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the Fund's per Share NAV increase of 20.1% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , was primarily due to greater appreciation in the value of the assets held by the Fund during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . The benchmark's rise of 42.5% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the benchmark's rise of 13.9% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , can be attributed to a greater increase in the value of futures prices during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . Net Income/Loss The following table provides summary income information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Net investment income (loss)$ (3,174,045 ) $ 1,856,270 Management fee 3,944,697 1,928,478 Brokerage commissions 141,650 38,814 Non-recurring fees and expenses 6,303 - Net realized gain (loss) 147,215,471 34,374,143 Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) 63,082,149 4,223,101 Net income (loss)$ 207,123,575 $ 40,453,514
The Fund's net income increased for the year ended
82
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Table of Contents ProShares Ultra VIX Short-Term Futures ETF Fund Performance The following table provides summary performance information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 NAV beginning of period$ 527,636,003 $ 214,304,871 NAV end of period$ 1,356,204,199 $ 527,636,003 Percentage change in NAV 157.0 % 146.2 % Shares outstanding beginning of period 41,630,912 2,630,912 Shares outstanding end of period 127,130,912 41,630,912 Percentage change in shares outstanding 205.4 % 1,482.4 % Shares created 154,050,000 83,750,000 Shares redeemed 68,550,000 44,750,000 Per share NAV beginning of period $ 12.67 $ 81.46 Per share NAV end of period $ 10.67 $ 12.67 Percentage change in per share NAV (15.8 )% (84.4 )% Percentage change in benchmark 13.2 % (67.8 )% Benchmark annualized volatility 102.6 % 60.4 % OnMonday, October 26, 2020 , theChicago Futures Exchange (a subsidiary of theChicago Board Options Exchange ) changed the settlement time for the VIX futures contracts in which the Fund invests from4:15 p.m. (Eastern Time) to 4:00 p.m. (Eastern Time) . As a result, onMonday, October 26, 2020 ,S&P Dow Jones Indices revised the index methodology for the S&P 500 ® VIX Short-Term Futures Index, the benchmark for ProShares Ultra VIX Short-Term Futures ETF, to reflect the new settlement time. As a result of these changes to the settlement time for VIX futures contracts and the Index methodology, onMonday, October 26, 2020 the Fund changed its NAV calculation time from4:15 p.m. (Eastern Time) to 4:00 p.m. (Eastern Time) . Additional information about the calculation of NAV is included in the Fund's Prospectus. During the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , the increase in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from an increase from 41,630,912 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 to 127,130,912 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2020 . The increase in the Fund's NAV also resulted in part from the timing of shareholder activity, which was offset by the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to one and one-half times (1.5x) the daily performance of the S&P 500 VIX Short-Term Futures Index. By comparison, during the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , the increase in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from an increase from 2,630,912 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2018 to 41,630,912 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 . The increase in the Fund's NAV was offset by the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to one and one-half times (1.5x) the daily performance of the S&P 500 VIX Short-Term Futures Index. For the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019, the Fund's daily performance had a statistical correlation over 0.99 to 1.5x of the daily performance of its benchmark. The Fund's per Share NAV decrease of 15.8% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the Fund's per Share NAV decrease of 84.4% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , was primarily due to lesser depreciation in the value of the assets held by the Fund during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . The benchmark's rise of 13.2% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the benchmark's decline of 67.8% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , can be attributed to an increase in the value of futures prices during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . Net Income/Loss The following table provides summary income information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Net investment income (loss)$ (13,623,881 ) $ 95,052 Management fee 8,835,385 4,819,171 Brokerage commissions 3,620,606 2,936,813 Non-recurring fees and expenses 15,297 27,508 Net realized gain (loss) (632,242,038 ) (612,840,041 ) Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) (1,950,460 ) (77,766,851 ) Net income (loss)$ (647,816,379 ) $ (690,511,840 )
The Fund's net income increased for the year ended
83
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Table of Contents ProShares Ultra Yen Fund Performance The following table provides summary performance information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 NAV beginning of period $ 5,580,964 $ 5,751,716 NAV end of period $ 2,989,499 $ 5,580,964 Percentage change in NAV (46.4 )% (3.0 )% Shares outstanding beginning of period 99,970 99,970 Shares outstanding end of period 49,970 99,970 Percentage change in shares outstanding (50.0 )% - % Shares created - 200,000 Shares redeemed 50,000 200,000 Per share NAV beginning of period $ 55.83 $ 57.53 Per share NAV end of period $ 59.83 $ 55.83 Percentage change in per share NAV 7.2 % (3.0 )% Percentage change in benchmark 5.2 % 0.9 % Benchmark annualized volatility 9.3 % 5.7 % During the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , the decrease in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from a decrease from 99,970 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 to 49,970 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2020 . The decrease in the Fund's NAV was offset by the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times (2x) the daily performance of the spot price of the Japanese yen versus theU.S. dollar. By comparison, during the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , the decrease in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times (2x) the daily performance of the spot price of the Japanese yen versus theU.S. dollar. There was no net change in the Fund's outstanding Shares fromDecember 31, 2018 toDecember 31, 2019 . For the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019, the Fund's daily performance had a statistical correlation over 0.99 to 2x of the daily performance of its benchmark. The Fund's per Share NAV increase of 7.2% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the Fund's per Share NAV decrease of 3.0% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , was primarily due to appreciation in the value of the assets held by the Fund during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . The benchmark's rise of 5.2% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the benchmark's rise of 0.9% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , can be attributed to a greater increase in the value of the Japanese yen versus theU.S. dollar during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . Net Income/Loss The following table provides summary income information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Net investment income (loss) $ (18,317 ) $ 38,514 Management fee 27,655 39,949
Non-recurring
fees and expenses 89 - Net realized gain (loss) 95,324 57,990 Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) 77,542 (187,566 ) Net income (loss) $ 154,549 $ (91,062 )
The Fund's net income increased for the year ended
84
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Table of Contents ProShares UltraShort Australian Dollar Fund Performance The following table provides summary performance information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 NAV beginning of period $ 5,608,612$ 11,060,333 NAV end of period $ 2,222,639 $ 5,608,612 Percentage change in NAV (60.4 )% (49.3 )% Shares outstanding beginning of period 100,000 200,000 Shares outstanding end of period 50,000 100,000 Percentage change in shares outstanding (50.0 )% (50.0 )% Shares created - 50,000 Shares redeemed 50,000 150,000 Per share NAV beginning of period $ 56.09 $ 55.30 Per share NAV end of period $ 44.45 $ 56.09 Percentage change in per share NAV (20.8 )% 1.4 % Percentage change in benchmark 9.9 % (0.4 )% Benchmark annualized volatility 12.1 % 6.9 % During the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , the decrease in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from a decrease from 100,000 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 to 50,000 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2020 . The decrease in the Fund's NAV also resulted in part from the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times the inverse (-2x) of the daily performance of the spot price of the Australian dollar versus theU.S. dollar. By comparison, during the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , the decrease in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from a decrease from 200,000 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2018 to 100,000 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 . The decrease in the Fund's NAV was partially offset by the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times the inverse (-2x) of the daily performance of the spot price of the Australian dollar versus theU.S. dollar. For the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019, the Fund's daily performance had a statistical correlation over 0.99 to 2x the inverse of the daily performance of its benchmark. The Fund's per Share NAV decrease of 20.8% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the Fund's per Share NAV increase of 1.4% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , was primarily due to depreciation in the value of the assets held by the Fund during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . The benchmark's rise of 9.9% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the benchmark's decline of 0.4% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , can be attributed to an increase in the value of the Australian dollar versus theU.S. dollar during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . Net Income/Loss The following table provides summary income information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Net investment income (loss) $ (36,668 ) $ 80,325 Management fee 52,950 72,858 Brokerage commissions 4,429 5,856 Non-recurring fees and expenses 196 - Net realized gain (loss) (1,032,184 ) 833,199 Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) 84,844 (735,608 ) Net income (loss) $ (984,008 ) $ 177,916
The Fund's net income decreased for the year ended
85
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Table of Contents ProShares UltraShort Bloomberg Crude Oil Fund Performance The following table provides summary performance information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 NAV beginning of period$ 125,451,681 $ 114,377,311 NAV end of period$ 96,839,233 $ 125,451,681 Percentage change in NAV (22.8 )% 9.7 % Shares outstanding beginning of period 10,289,884 3,839,884 Shares outstanding end of period 8,339,884 10,289,884 Percentage change in shares outstanding (19.0 )% 168.0 % Shares created 37,500,000 25,950,000 Shares redeemed 39,450,000 19,500,000 Per share NAV beginning of period $ 12.19 $ 29.79 Per share NAV end of period $ 11.61 $ 12.19 Percentage change in per share NAV (4.8 )% (59.1 )% Percentage change in benchmark (24.1 )% 34.4 % Benchmark annualized volatility 80.1 % 33.7 % OnJune 25, 2020 , the Trust announced that the ProShares UltraShort Bloomberg Crude Oil would change its benchmark. The ProShares UltraShort Bloomberg Crude Oil struck its NAV using its new benchmark for the first time onSeptember 17, 2020 . The new benchmark for the ProShares UltraShort Bloomberg Crude Oil is the Bloomberg Commodity Balanced WTI Crude Oil Index SM (ticker: BCBCLI Index). Prior toSeptember 17, 2020 , the benchmark for the ProShares UltraShort Bloomberg Crude Oil was the Bloomberg WTI Crude Oil Subindex SM . The investment objective of Fund is to seek daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times (2x) of the inverse of the daily performance of the New Benchmark. The New Benchmark aims to track the performance of three separate contract schedules for WTI Crude Oil futures traded on NYMEX. The contract schedules are equally-weighted in the New Benchmark (1/3 each) at each semi-annual reset in March and September. At each reset date, one-third of the New Benchmark is designated to follow a monthly roll schedule. Each month this portion of the New Benchmark rolls from the current futures contract (called "Lead" by Bloomberg, and which expires one month out) into the following month's contract (called "Next" by Bloomberg and which expires two months out). The second portion of the New Benchmark is always designated to be in a June contract, and follows an annual roll schedule in March of each year in which the June contract expiring in the current year is rolled into the June contract expiring the following year. The remaining portion is always designated to be in a December contract, and follows an annual roll schedule in September of each year in which the December contract expiring in the current year is rolled into the December contract expiring the following year. The weighting (i.e., percentage) of each of the three contract schedules included in the New Benchmark fluctuates above or below one third between the semi-annual reset dates due to changing futures prices and the impact of rolling the futures positions. As a result, the weighting of each contract in the New Benchmark will "drift" away from equal weighting. The New Benchmark reflects the cost of rolling the futures contracts included in the New Benchmark, without regard to income earned on cash positions. The New Benchmark is not linked to the "spot" price of WTI crude oil. During the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , the decrease in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from a decrease from 10,289,884 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 to 8,339,884 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2020 . The decrease in the Fund's NAV was offset by the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times the inverse (-2x) of the daily performance of the Bloomberg WTI Crude Oil Subindex S M throughSeptember 16, 2020 and the Bloomberg Commodity Balance WTI Crude Oil Index S M fromSeptember 17, 2020 throughDecember 31, 2020 . By comparison, during the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , the increase in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from an increase from 3,839,884 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2018 to 10,289,884 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 . The increase in the Fund's NAV was offset by the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times the inverse (-2x) of the daily performance of the Bloomberg WTI Crude Oil Subindex SM . For the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , the Fund's daily performance had a statistical correlation over 0.92 to 2x of the inverse of the daily performance of its benchmark. For the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , the Fund's daily performance had a statistical correlation over 0.99 to 2x of the inverse of the daily performance of its benchmark. The Fund's per Share NAV decrease of 4.8% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the Fund's per Share NAV decrease of 59.1% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , was primarily due to lesser depreciation in the value of the assets held by the Fund during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . 86
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Table of Contents The new benchmark's decline of 24.1% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the former Bloomberg WTI Crude Oil Subindex SM benchmark's rise of 34.4% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , can be attributed to a decrease in the value of WTI Crude Oil during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . Net Income/Loss The following table provides summary income information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Net investment income (loss)$ (1,468,178 ) $ 709,799 Management fee 1,021,787 769,401 Brokerage commissions 548,380 91,476 Non-recurring fees and expenses 5,243 - Net realized gain (loss) 12,949,097 (14,247,456 ) Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) (7,487,355 ) (31,068,746 ) Net income (loss) $ 3,993,564$ (44,606,403 ) The Fund's net income increased for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 as compared to the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , primarily due to a decrease in the value of the WTI Crude Oil during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 .ProShares UltraShort Bloomberg Natural Gas Fund Performance The following table provides summary performance information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 NAV beginning of period$ 12,515,603 $ 17,825,441 NAV end of period$ 24,977,745 $ 12,515,603 Percentage change in NAV 99.6 % (29.8 )% Shares outstanding beginning of period 324,832 824,832 Shares outstanding end of period 524,832 324,832 Percentage change in shares outstanding 61.6 % (60.6 )% Shares created 6,250,000 1,200,000 Shares redeemed 6,050,000 1,700,000 Per share NAV beginning of period $ 38.53 $ 21.61 Per share NAV end of period $ 47.59 $ 38.53 Percentage change in per share NAV 23.5 % 78.3 % Percentage change in benchmark (42.0 )% (37.2 )% Benchmark annualized volatility 52.7 % 36.1 % During the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , the increase in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from an increase from 324,832 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 to 524,832 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2020 . The increase in the Fund's NAV also resulted in part from the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times the inverse (-2x) of the daily performance of the Bloomberg Natural Gas Subindex SM . By comparison, during the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , the decrease in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from a decrease from 824,832 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2018 to 324,832 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 . The decrease in the Fund's NAV was offset by the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times the inverse (-2x) of the daily performance of the Bloomberg Natural Gas Subindex SM . For the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019, the Fund's daily performance had a statistical correlation over 0.99 to 2x of the inverse of the daily performance of its benchmark. The Fund's per Share NAV increase of 23.5% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the Fund's per Share NAV increase of 78.3% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , was primarily due to lesser appreciation in the value of the assets held by the Fund during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . The benchmark's decline of 42.0% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the benchmark's decline of 37.2% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , can be attributed to a greater decrease in the value ofHenry Hub Natural Gas during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . 87
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Table of Contents Net Income/Loss The following table provides summary income information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Net investment income (loss) $ (549,591 ) $ 29,417 Management fee 308,058 83,978 Brokerage commissions 250,422 54,544 Non-recurring fees and expenses 485 - Net realized gain (loss) 20,854 19,286,567 Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) (293,043 ) (10,165,386 ) Net income (loss) $ (821,780 ) $ 9,150,598 The Fund's net income decreased for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 as compared to the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , primarily due to a greater decrease in the value of theHenry Hub Natural Gas , in conjunction with the timing of shareholder activity, during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . ProShares UltraShort Euro Fund Performance The following table provides summary performance information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 NAV beginning of period$ 120,581,173 $ 154,120,159 NAV end of period$ 52,953,339 $ 120,581,173 Percentage change in NAV (56.1 )% (21.8 )% Shares outstanding beginning of period 4,500,000 6,350,000 Shares outstanding end of period 2,350,000 4,500,000 Percentage change in shares outstanding (47.8 )% (29.1 )% Shares created 1,500,000 1,050,000 Shares redeemed 3,650,000 2,900,000 Per share NAV beginning of period $ 26.80 $ 24.27 Per share NAV end of period $ 22.53 $ 26.80 Percentage change in per share NAV (15.9 )% 10.4 % Percentage change in benchmark 8.9 % (2.1 )% Benchmark annualized volatility 7.5 % 5.1 % During the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , the decrease in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from a decrease from 4,500,000 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 to 2,350,000 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2020 . The decrease in the Fund's NAV also resulted in part from the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times the inverse (-2x) of the daily performance of the spot price of the euro versus theU.S. dollar. By comparison, during the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , the decrease in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from a decrease from 6,350,000 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2018 to 4,500,000 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 . The decrease in the Fund's NAV was offset by the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times the inverse (-2x) of the daily performance of the spot price of the euro versus theU.S. dollar. For the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019, the Fund's daily performance had a statistical correlation over 0.99 to 2x of the inverse of the daily performance of its benchmark. The Fund's per Share NAV decrease of 15.9% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the Fund's per Share NAV increase of 10.4% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , was primarily due to depreciation in the value of the assets held by the Fund during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . The benchmark's rise of 8.9% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the benchmark's decline of 2.1% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , can be attributed to an increase in the value of the euro versus theU.S. dollar during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . 88
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Table of Contents Net Income/Loss The following table provides summary income information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Net investment income (loss) $ (287,014 ) $ 1,528,830 Management fee 783,692 1,293,377
Non-recurring
fees and expenses 2,842 - Net realized gain (loss) (10,979,339 ) 13,747,208 Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) 1,109,938 (753,437 ) Net income (loss)$ (10,156,415 ) $ 14,522,601 The Fund's net income decreased for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 as compared to the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , primarily due to an increase in the value of the euro versus theU.S. dollar during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . ProShares UltraShort Gold Fund Performance The following table provides summary performance information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 NAV beginning of period$ 21,047,560 $ 18,098,997 NAV end of period$ 20,337,376 $ 21,047,560 Percentage change in NAV (3.4 )% 16.3 % Shares outstanding beginning of period 396,977 246,978 Shares outstanding end of period 646,977 396,977 Percentage change in shares outstanding 63.0 % 60.7 % Shares created 1,650,000 600,000 Shares redeemed 1,400,000 450,001 Per share NAV beginning of period $ 53.02 $ 73.28 Per share NAV end of period $ 31.43 $ 53.02 Percentage change in per share NAV (40.7 )% (27.6 )% Percentage change in benchmark 20.9 % 18.0 % Benchmark annualized volatility 21.5 % 11.5 % OnDecember 20, 2018 , the Trust announced that theProShares UltraShort Gold Fund would change its benchmark to the Bloomberg Gold Subindex (ticker: BCOMGC).The ProShares UltraShort Gold Fund struck its NAV using its new benchmark for the first time onJanuary 7, 2019 . Previously, the benchmark for theProShares UltraShort Gold Fund was the LBMA Gold Price PM. During the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , the decrease in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times the inverse (-2x) of the daily performance of the Bloomberg Gold Subindex SM . The decrease in the Fund's NAV was offset by an increase from 396,977 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 to 646,977 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2020 . By comparison, during the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , the increase in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from an increase from 246,978 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2018 to 396,977 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 . The increase in the Fund's NAV was offset by the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times the inverse (-2x) of the daily performance of the Bloomberg Gold Subindex SM . For the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019, the Fund's daily performance had a statistical correlation over 0.99 to 2x of the inverse of the daily performance of its benchmark. The Fund's per Share NAV decrease of 40.7% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the Fund's per Share NAV decrease of 27.6% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , was primarily due to greater depreciation in the value of the assets held by the Fund during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . The benchmark's rise of 20.9% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the benchmark's rise of 18.0% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , can be attributed to a greater increase in the value of the futures prices during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . 89
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Table of Contents Net Income/Loss The following table provides summary income information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Net investment income (loss) $ (123,632 ) $ 186,714 Management fee 177,762 188,089 Brokerage commissions 7,882 5,355 Non-recurring fees and expenses 580 - Net realized gain (loss) (11,119,478 ) (5,192,568 ) Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) 1,098,111 (540,991 ) Net income (loss)$ (10,144,999 ) $ (5,546,845 ) The Fund's net income decreased for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 as compared to the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , primarily due to a greater increase in the value of futures prices during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . ProShares UltraShort Silver Fund Performance The following table provides summary performance information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 NAV beginning of period$ 13,834,163 $ 11,768,863 NAV end of period$ 28,885,775 $ 13,834,163 Percentage change in NAV 108.8 % 17.5 % Shares outstanding beginning of period 516,976 316,976 Shares outstanding end of period 4,166,976 516,976 Percentage change in shares outstanding 706.0 % 63.1 % Shares created 13,700,000 1,000,000 Shares redeemed 10,050,000 800,000 Per share NAV beginning of period $ 26.76 $ 37.13 Per share NAV end of period $ 6.93 $ 26.76 Percentage change in per share NAV (74.1 )% (27.9 )% Percentage change in benchmark 42.5 % 13.9 % Benchmark annualized volatility 46.1 % 19.6 % OnDecember 20, 2018 , the Trust announced that theProShares UltraShort Silver Fund would change its benchmark to the Bloomberg Silver Subindex (ticker: BCOMSI).The ProShares UltraShort Silver Fund struck its NAV using its new benchmark for the first time onJanuary 7, 2019 . Previously, the benchmark for theProShares UltraShort Silver Fund was the LondonSilver Price . During the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , the increase in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from an increase from 516,976 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 to 4,166,976 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2020 . The increase in the Fund's NAV was offset by the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times the inverse (-2x) of the daily performance of the Bloomberg Silver Subindex SM . By comparison, during the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , the increase in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from an increase from 316,976 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2018 to 516,976 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 . The increase in the Fund's NAV was offset by the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times the inverse (-2x) of the daily performance of the Bloomberg Silver Subindex SM . For the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019, the Fund's daily performance had a statistical correlation over 0.99 to 2x of the inverse of the daily performance of its benchmark. The Fund's per Share NAV decrease of 74.1% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the Fund's per Share NAV decrease of 27.9% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , was primarily due to greater depreciation in the value of the assets held by the Fund during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . The benchmark's rise of 42.5% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the benchmark's rise of 13.9% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , can be attributed to a greater increase in the value of futures prices during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . 90
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Table of Contents Net Income/Loss The following table provides summary income information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Net investment income (loss) $ (221,656 ) $ 131,913 Management fee 237,140 139,668 Brokerage commissions 22,323 7,713 Non-recurring fees and expenses 454 - Net realized gain (loss) (16,849,815 ) (4,544,543 ) Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) (1,382,256 ) (197,432 ) Net income (loss)$ (18,453,727 ) $ (4,610,062 ) The Fund's net income decreased for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 as compared to the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , primarily due to a greater increase in the value of futures prices during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . ProShares UltraShort Yen Fund Performance The following table provides summary performance information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 NAV beginning of period$ 38,132,320 $ 55,363,675 NAV end of period$ 23,691,070 $ 38,132,320 Percentage change in NAV (37.9 )% (31.1 )% Shares outstanding beginning of period 499,290 749,290 Shares outstanding end of period 349,290 499,290 Percentage change in shares outstanding (30.0 )% (33.4 )% Shares created 150,000 450,000 Shares redeemed 300,000 700,000 Per share NAV beginning of period $ 76.37 $ 73.89 Per share NAV end of period $ 67.83 $ 76.37 Percentage change in per share NAV (11.2 )% 3.4 % Percentage change in benchmark 5.2 % 0.9 % Benchmark annualized volatility 9.3 % 5.7 % During the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , the decrease in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from a decrease from 499,290 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 to 349,290 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2020 . The decrease in the Fund's NAV also resulted in part from the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times the inverse (-2x) of the daily performance of the spot price of the Japanese yen versus theU.S. dollar. By comparison, during the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , the decrease in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from a decrease from 749,290 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2018 to 499,290 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 . The decrease in the Fund's NAV also resulted in part from the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to two times the inverse (-2x) of the daily performance of the spot price of the Japanese yen versus theU.S. dollar. For the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019, the Fund's daily performance had a statistical correlation over 0.99 to 2x of the inverse of the daily performance of its benchmark. The Fund's per Share NAV decrease of 11.2% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the Fund's per Share NAV increase of 3.4% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , was primarily due to depreciation in the value of the assets held by the Fund during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . The benchmark's rise of 5.2% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the benchmark's rise of 0.9% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , can be attributed to a greater increase in the value of the Japanese yen versus theU.S. dollar during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . 91
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Table of Contents Net Income/Loss The following table provides summary income information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Net investment income (loss) $ (129,202 ) $ 555,474 Management fee 268,213 451,638
Non-recurring
fees and expenses 811 - Net realized gain (loss) (2,619,441 ) (1,979,679 ) Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) (662,165 ) 3,220,521 Net income (loss)$ (3,410,808 ) $ 1,796,316 The Fund's net income decreased for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 as compared to the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , primarily due to a greater increase in the value of the Japanese yen versus theU.S. dollar during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . ProShares VIX Mid-Term Futures ETF Fund Performance The following table provides summary performance information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 NAV beginning of period$ 45,986,584 $ 56,299,121 NAV end of period$ 72,075,095 $ 45,986,584 Percentage change in NAV 56.7 % (18.3 )% Shares outstanding beginning of period 2,162,403 2,112,403 Shares outstanding end of period 1,962,403 2,162,403 Percentage change in shares outstanding (9.2 )% 2.4 % Shares created 2,375,000 1,400,000 Shares redeemed 2,575,000 1,350,000 Per share NAV beginning of period $ 21.27 $ 26.65 Per share NAV end of period $ 36.73 $ 21.27 Percentage change in per share NAV 72.7 % (20.2 )% Percentage change in benchmark 74.7 % (19.3 )% Benchmark annualized volatility 56.3 % 25.3 % OnMonday, October 26, 2020 , theChicago Futures Exchange (a subsidiary of theChicago Board Options Exchange ) changed the settlement time for the VIX futures contracts in which the Fund invests from4:15 p.m. (Eastern Time) to 4:00 p.m. (Eastern Time) . As a result, onMonday, October 26, 2020 ,S&P Dow Jones Indices revised the index methodology for the S&P 500 ® VIX Short-Term Futures Index, the benchmark for ProShares VIX Mid-Term Futures ETF, to reflect the new settlement time. As a result of these changes to the settlement time for VIX futures contracts and the Index methodology, onMonday, October 26, 2020 the Fund changed its NAV calculation time from4:15 p.m. (Eastern Time) to 4:00 p.m. (Eastern Time) . Additional information about the calculation of NAV is included in the Fund's Prospectus. During the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , the increase in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to the daily performance of the S&P 500 VIX Mid-Term Futures Index. The increase in the Fund's NAV was offset by a decrease from 2,162,403 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 to 1,962,403 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2020 . By comparison, during the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , the decrease in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to the daily performance of the S&P 500 VIX Mid-Term Futures Index. The decrease in the Fund's NAV was offset by an increase from 2,112,403 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2018 to 2,162,403 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 . For the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019, the Fund's daily performance had a statistical correlation over 0.99 to the daily performance of its benchmark. The Fund's per Share NAV increase of 72.7% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the Fund's per Share NAV decrease of 20.2% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , was primarily due to an appreciation in the value of the assets held by the Fund during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . The benchmark's rise of 74.7% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the benchmark's decline of 19.3% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , can be attributed to an increase in the value of the futures prices during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . 92
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Table of Contents Net Income/Loss The following table provides summary income information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Net investment income (loss) $ (506,172 ) $ 493,213 Management fee 579,606 380,474 Brokerage commissions 65,093 29,956 Net realized gain (loss) 15,454,616 (6,228,644 ) Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) 1,146,818 (6,037,881 ) Net income (loss)$ 16,095,262 $ (11,773,312 ) The Fund's net income increased for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 as compared to the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , primarily due to an increase in the value of the futures prices during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . ProShares VIX Short-Term Futures ETF Fund Performance The following table provides summary performance information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 NAV beginning of period$ 279,792,503 $ 149,547,115 NAV end of period$ 293,390,549 $ 279,792,503 Percentage change in NAV 4.9 % 87.1 % Shares outstanding beginning of period 22,751,317 3,876,317 Shares outstanding end of period 21,326,317 22,751,317 Percentage change in shares outstanding (6.3 )% 486.9 % Shares created 26,325,000 30,800,000 Shares redeemed 27,750,000 11,925,000 Per share NAV beginning of period $ 12.30 $ 38.58 Per share NAV end of period $ 13.76 $ 12.30 Percentage change in per share NAV 11.9 % (68.1 )% Percentage change in benchmark 13.2 % (67.8 )% Benchmark annualized volatility 102.6 % 60.4 % OnMonday, October 26, 2020 , theChicago Futures Exchange (a subsidiary of theChicago Board Options Exchange ) changed the settlement time for the VIX futures contracts in which the Fund invests from4:15 p.m. (Eastern Time) to 4:00 p.m. (Eastern Time) . As a result, onMonday, October 26, 2020 ,S&P Dow Jones Indices revised the index methodology for the S&P 500 ® VIX Short-Term Futures Index, the benchmark for ProShares VIX Short-Term Futures ETF, to reflect the new settlement time. As a result of these changes to the settlement time for VIX futures contracts and the Index methodology, onMonday, October 26, 2020 the Fund changed its NAV calculation time from4:15 p.m. (Eastern Time) to 4:00 p.m. (Eastern Time) . Additional information about the calculation of NAV is included in the Fund's Prospectus. During the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , the increase in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to the daily performance of the S&P 500 VIX Short-Term Futures Index. The increase in the Fund's NAV was offset by a decrease from 22,751,317 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 to 21,326,317 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2020 . By comparison, during the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , the increase in the Fund's NAV resulted primarily from an increase from 3,876,317 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2018 to 22,751,317 outstanding Shares atDecember 31, 2019 . The increase in the Fund's NAV was offset by the cumulative effect of the Fund seeking daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to the daily performance of the S&P 500 VIX Short-Term Futures Index. For the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019, the Fund's daily performance had a statistical correlation over 0.99 to the daily performance of its benchmark. The Fund's per Share NAV increase of 11.9% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the Fund's per Share NAV decrease of 68.1% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , was primarily due to an appreciation in the value of the assets held by the Fund during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . 93
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Table of Contents The benchmark's rise of 13.2% for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , as compared to the benchmark's decline of 67.8% for the year endedDecember 31, 2019 , can be attributed to an increase in the value of the futures prices during the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . Net Income/Loss The following table provides summary income information for theFund for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 and 2019: Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Net investment income (loss)$ (1,892,962 ) $ 2,153,399 Management fee 2,193,275 2,038,850 Brokerage commissions 376,682 253,057 Net realized gain (loss) 156,087,060 (194,350,788 ) Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) 9,024,606 (32,770,663 ) Net income (loss)$ 163,218,704 $ (224,968,052 )
The Fund's net income increased for the year ended
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