In this Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A"),Adtalem Global Education Inc. , together with its subsidiaries, is collectively referred to as "Adtalem," "we," "our," "us," or similar references. Discussions within this MD&A may contain forward-looking statements. See the "Forward-Looking Statements" section for details about the uncertainties that could cause our actual results to be materially different than those expressed in our forward-looking statements. Throughout this MD&A, we sometimes use information derived from the Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto but not presented in accordance withU.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). Certain of these items are considered "non-GAAP financial measures" under theSecurities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") rules. See the "Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Reconciliations" section for the reasons we use these non-GAAP financial measures and the reconciliations to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures. Certain items presented in tables may not sum due to rounding. Percentages presented are calculated from the underlying numbers in thousands. Discussions throughout this MD&A are based on continuing operations unless otherwise noted. The MD&A should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto.
Available Information
We use our website (www.adtalem.com) as a routine channel of distribution of company information, including press releases, presentations, and supplemental information, as a means of disclosing material non-public information and for complying with our disclosure obligations under Regulation FD. Accordingly, investors should monitor our website in addition to following press releases,SEC filings, and public conference calls and webcasts. Investors and others can receive notifications of new information posted on our investor relations website in real time by signing up for email alerts. You may also access our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports, as well as other reports relating to us that are filed with or furnished to theSEC , free of charge in the investor relations section of our website as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to theSEC . TheSEC also maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information 39
Table of Contents
statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with theSEC at www.sec.gov. The content of the websites mentioned above is not incorporated into and should not be considered a part of this report.
Segments
During the first quarter of fiscal year 2022, Adtalem made a change to its reportable segments to align with current strategic priorities and resource allocation.
As ofDecember 31, 2021 , Adtalem eliminated its Financial Services segment when theAssociation of Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialists ("ACAMS"), Becker Professional Education ("Becker"),OnCourse Learning ("OCL"), and EduPristine were classified as discontinued operations and assets held for sale. In accordance with GAAP, we have classified ACAMS, Becker, OCL, and EduPristine entities as "Held for Sale" and "Discontinued Operations" in all periods presented as applicable. As a result, all financial results, disclosures, and discussions of continuing operations in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q exclude ACAMS, Becker, OCL, and EduPristine operations, unless otherwise noted. In addition, we continue to incur costs associated with ongoing litigation and settlements related to theDeVry University divestiture, which was completed during fiscal year 2019, and are classified as expense within discontinued operations. See Note 4 "Discontinued Operations and Assets Held for Sale" to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discontinued operations information.
We present three reportable segments as follows:
Chamberlain - Offers degree and non-degree programs in the nursing postsecondary
education industry. This segment includes the operations of
Walden - Offers more than 100 online certificate, bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees, including those in nursing, education, counseling, business, psychology, public health, social work and human services, public administration and public policy, and criminal justice. This segment includes the operations ofWalden University ("Walden"), which was acquired by Adtalem onAugust 12, 2021 . See Note 3 "Acquisitions" to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on the acquisition. Medical and Veterinary - Offers degree and non-degree programs in the medical and veterinary postsecondary education industry. This segment includes the operations of theAmerican University of theCaribbean School of Medicine ("AUC"),Ross University School of Medicine ("RUSM"), andRoss University School of Veterinary Medicine ("RUSVM"), which are collectively referred to as the "medical and veterinary schools."
"Home Office and Other" includes activities not allocated to a reportable segment. Financial and descriptive information about Adtalem's reportable segments is presented in Note 20 "Segment Information" to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Certain expenses previously allocated to ACAMS, Becker, OCL, and EduPristine within our former Financial Services segment during fiscal year 2021 and the first quarter of fiscal year 2022 have been reclassified to the Home Office and Other segment based on discontinued operations reporting guidance regarding allocation of corporate overhead. Beginning in the second quarter of fiscal year 2022, these costs are being allocated to the Chamberlain, Walden, and Medical and Veterinary segments. Walden University Acquisition
OnAugust 12, 2021 , Adtalem completed the acquisition of all the issued and outstanding equity interest in Walden e-Learning, LLC , aDelaware limited liability company ("e-Learning"), and its subsidiary,Walden University, LLC , aFlorida limited liability company, from Laureate Education, Inc. ("Laureate" or "Seller") in exchange for a purchase price of$1.5 billion in cash, as set forth in the Membership Interest Purchase Agreement (the "Agreement) (the "Acquisition"). See the "Liquidity and Capital Resources" section of this MD&A for a discussion on the financing used to fund the Acquisition. The risks and uncertainties related to the Acquisition are described in Item 1A. "Risk Factors" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year endedJune 30, 2021 ("2021 Form 10-K"). 40 Table of Contents Second Quarter Highlights
Financial and operational highlights for the second quarter of fiscal year 2022 include:
Adtalem revenue grew
year 2022 compared to the year-ago quarter. Excluding the effect of the Walden
? acquisition, Adtalem revenue declined
quarter of fiscal year 2022 compared to the year-ago quarter. The Chamberlain
and Medical and Veterinary segments saw declines in revenue.
Net income attributable to Adtalem of
share) decreased
year 2022 compared to net income attributable to Adtalem of
the year-ago quarter. This decrease was primarily driven by increased interest
? expense, partially offset by a decrease in income tax expense. Net income from
continuing operations excluding special items of
earnings per share) increased
second quarter of fiscal year 2022 compared to the year-ago quarter. This
increase was driven principally by the addition of Walden operations, partially
offset by lower operating income at Chamberlain and increased interest expense.
For the
decreased 0.5% and 2.1%, respectively, compared to the same session last year.
? Chamberlain experienced declining enrollment in several programs, with the most
pronounced being in the Registered Nurse to Bachelor of Science in Nursing
("RN-to-BSN") online degree program. OnAugust 12, 2021 , Adtalem completed its acquisition of Walden. For the
? 41,158 students, respectively. New and total enrollment decreased 18.3% and
9.1%, respectively, from amounts as calculated in the prior year by Walden
while controlled by Laureate Education, Inc., and are included here for
comparative purposes only.
Overview of the Impact of COVID-19
OnMarch 11, 2020 , the novel coronavirus ("COVID-19") outbreak was declared a pandemic by theWorld Health Organization . COVID-19 has had tragic consequences across the globe and altered business and consumer activity across many industries. Management initiated several changes to the operations of our institutions and administrative functions in order to protect the health of our students and employees and to mitigate the financial effects of COVID-19 and its resultant economic slowdown. We will continue to evaluate, and if appropriate, adopt other measures in the future required for the ongoing safety of our students and employees.
Results of Operations
Management believes the decreased enrollments at Chamberlain and Walden, and to a lesser extent at Medical and Veterinary, are partially driven by disruptions in the nursing and healthcare markets caused by COVID-19. The amount of revenue, operating income, and earnings per share losses in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2022 driven by this disruption are not quantifiable. Management anticipates COVID-19 will continue to negatively affect consolidated revenue, operating income, net income, and earnings per share during the remainder of fiscal year 2022 and beyond or for as long as the pandemic and the various surges continue. In the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2022, we experienced higher variable expenses associated with bringing students back to campus and providing a safe environment in the context of COVID-19 as we continue to move back to in-person instruction at Chamberlain and the medical and veterinary schools. These higher variable expenses are expected to continue during the remainder of fiscal year 2022; however, these are expenses incurred in the normal course of on campus operations and will not be categorized as COVID-19 expenses. COVID-19 effects on the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2022 and 2021 results of operations of the Adtalem institutions are described below. ?Chamberlain: Approximately 30% of Chamberlain's students are based at campus locations and pursuing their Bachelor of Science in Nursing ("BSN") degree; at the onset of the COVID-19 outbreak, all campus-based students transitioned to online learning for didactic and select clinical experiences. The remaining 70% of Chamberlain's students are enrolled in online programs that may or may not have clinical components and those programs continued to 41
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successfully operate. Students and employees have returned to all Chamberlain campuses for onsite instruction. Management believes that COVID-19 disruptions in the healthcare industry may have driven the enrollment decisions of potential students in theSeptember 2021 andNovember 2021 sessions; however, the resulting revenue losses specific to COVID-19 are not quantifiable. COVID-19 did not result in significantly increased costs at Chamberlain in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2022 or 2021. The extent of the impact during the remainder of fiscal year 2022 and beyond will be determined based on the length and severity of the effects of COVID-19, the efficacy and distribution of the vaccines, and whether any pandemic surge affects healthcare facilities' ability to continue to provide clinical experiences. Chamberlain has clinical partnerships with healthcare facilities across theU.S. , minimizing the risk of suspension of all onsite clinical education experiences. ?Walden: All of Walden's students are enrolled in online programs and these programs have continued to successfully operate throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Management believes that COVID-19 disruptions in the healthcare industry may have driven the enrollment decisions of potential students in theSeptember 2021 andDecember 2021 terms; however, the resulting revenue losses specific to COVID-19 are not quantifiable. COVID-19 did not result in increased costs at Walden in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2022. The extent of the impact during the remainder of fiscal year 2022 and beyond will be determined based on the length and severity of the effects of COVID-19 and the efficacy and distribution of the vaccines. ?AUC and RUSM: Medical students enrolled in the basic science portion of their program transitioned to online learning at the onset of the COVID-19 outbreak. Many students leftSt. Maarten andBarbados to continue their studies remotely from other locations. AUC and RUSM were able to provide remote learning and have students remain eligible forU.S. federal financial aid assistance under a waiver provided by theU.S. Secretary of Education that was included in the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the "CARES Act") signed into law inMarch 2020 . The waiver was dependent upon the host country's coronavirus state of emergency declaration. The nation ofSt. Maarten lifted their declaration inJune 2020 , and as a result, AUC's ability to offer distance education ended after theSeptember 2020 semester, requiring all AUC students to return toSt. Maarten for basic science instruction effectiveJanuary 2021 . A limited number of RUSM students began returning toBarbados in January andMay 2021 with a full return occurring for theSeptember 2021 semester. The Consolidated Appropriates Act, 2021 (the "Appropriations Act") was signed into law inDecember 2020 , and corrected technical errors in the CARES Act, which clarified the authority to operate via distance learning due to a declaration of an emergency in an applicable country or a qualifying emergency in theU.S. This section also extends these flexibilities through the end of the qualifying emergency orJune 30, 2022 , whichever is later. The Appropriations Act provides Adtalem's foreign institutions the ability to continue distance education without disruption to their students' Title IV federal financial aid. Management believes uncertainties caused by COVID-19 may have driven the enrollment decisions of potential and current students; however, COVID-19 did not result in significant or quantifiable revenue losses or increased costs within the basic science programs at the medical schools in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2022 or 2021, except with respect to housing operations in fiscal year 2021, as discussed below. COVID-19 will likely continue to have a minimal impact on basic science program revenue in fiscal year 2022, unless significant numbers of students choose to not continue or start their studies during this time of uncertainty. The extent of the impact during the remainder of fiscal year 2022 and beyond will be determined based on the length and severity of the effects of COVID-19 and the efficacy and distribution of the vaccines. Studentswho have completed their basic science education progress to clinical rotations in theU.S. and theU.K. Clinical rotations for all students were temporarily suspended inMarch 2020 ; however, some students were able to participate in online clinical elective courses during this transition period and beyond. The COVID-19 surge experienced during the winter in fiscal year 2021 across theU.S. caused many partner hospitals to again reduce the hours available for clinical experiences. As a result, although many students were able to resume their clinical education during the second quarter of fiscal year 2021, management estimates that not being able to offer a full clinical program reduced combined revenue of AUC and RUSM by approximately$3 million and$7 million and operating income losses by approximately$2 million and$4 million in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2021, respectively. As ofJune 2021 , all clinical partners of AUC and RUSM have resumed their clinical programs. As a result, COVID-19 did not result in any lost clinical revenue in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2022. Should future surges in COVID-19 again restrict the number of clinical hours available to our students, we could experience negative effects on revenue and operating income in future periods. Adtalem has clinical partnerships with hospitals across theU.S. and theU.K. , minimizing the risk of suspension of all onsite clinical education experiences. In addition to the loss of clinical revenue and operating income at AUC and RUSM, management estimates losses of housing and student transportation revenue of approximately$3 million and$8 million and operating income 42 Table of Contents
losses of approximately$3 million and$6 million in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2021, respectively, due to students not returning to theSt. Maarten andBarbados campuses. All students were back on the two campuses in the first quarter of fiscal year 2022, and therefore, COVID-19 did not result in lost housing and student transportation revenue in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2022. ?RUSVM: All basic science veterinary students transitioned to online learning beginning inMarch 2020 . Many students leftSt. Kitts inMarch 2020 to continue their studies remotely from other locations. As ofMay 2021 , all basic science students have returned toSt. Kitts where lectures continue to be delivered in -person and remotely and labs are in-person. COVID-19 did not result in significant revenue losses or increased costs within the basic science program in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2022 or 2021. We do not expect a significant impact from COVID-19 on the basic science program for the remainder of fiscal year 2022, unless students choose to not continue or start their studies during this time of uncertainty. RUSVM continued to provide remote learning during the pandemic and students remained eligible forU.S. federal financial aid assistance under a waiver provided by the CARES Act and the Appropriations Act. The Appropriations Act extends through the end of the qualifying emergency orJune 30, 2022 , whichever is later, as described above. Studentswho have completed their basic science education progress to clinical rotations at select universities in theU.S. ,Canada ,Australia ,Ireland ,New Zealand , and theU.K. A few universities initially suspended onsite clinical experiences and transitioned students to online education. All universities have since resumed onsite clinical courses. The initial suspensions did not significantly reduce revenue or operating income in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2022 or 2021. While we do not expect a significant impact from COVID-19 at RUSVM, the extent of the impact on clinical experiences during the remainder of fiscal year 2022 and beyond will be determined based on the length and severity of the effects of COVID-19 and the efficacy and distribution of the vaccines. ?Administrative Operations: Most institution and home office administrative operations continue to principally be performed remotely. This includes operations in both theU.S. and all foreign locations. These remote work arrangements have not adversely affected Adtalem's ability to maintain operations, financial reporting systems, internal control over financial reporting, or disclosure controls and procedures. The effectiveness of our remote technology enables our ability to maintain these systems and controls. Management does not anticipate Adtalem will be materially impacted by any constraints or other impacts on our human capital resources and productivity. Travel restrictions and border closures are not expected to have a material impact on our ability to operate and achieve operational goals. While recent travel expenditures have been lower than historical levels, we would expect these costs to increase as the effects of COVID-19 dissipate. No significant home office costs were incurred related to COVID-19 in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2022 or 2021 and no such costs are anticipated during the remainder of fiscal year 2022 and beyond. Although COVID-19 has had a negative effect on the operating results of all four reporting units that contain goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets as ofDecember 31, 2021 , at this time none of the effects are considered significant enough to create an impairment triggering event since our annual goodwill impairment assessment onMay 31, 2021 . While management has considered the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in evaluating the existence of an impairment triggering event, it is possible that effects to revenue and cash flows will be more significant than currently expected if the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and measures established to combat the virus continue for an extended period of time. Should economic conditions deteriorate beyond expectations during the remainder of fiscal year 2022, an impairment triggering event could arise and require reassessment of the fair values of goodwill and intangible assets. Liquidity Adtalem's cash and cash equivalents balance as ofDecember 31, 2021 was$275.4 million . Adtalem used$19.0 million in operating cash flow from continuing operations in the first six months of fiscal year 2022. In the event of unexpected market conditions or negative economic changes, including those caused by COVID-19, that could negatively affect Adtalem's earnings and/or operating cash flow, Adtalem maintains a$400 million revolving credit facility with availability of$316.0 million as ofDecember 31, 2021 . Management currently projects that COVID-19 will continue to have an effect on operations; however, we believe the current balances of cash, cash generated from operations, and our credit facility will be sufficient to fund both Adtalem's current domestic and international operations and growth plans in the foreseeable future. See further discussion on the new financing executed to close the Acquisition in the section of this MD&A titled "Liquidity and Capital Resources." 43 Table of Contents Results of Operations
The following table presents selected Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) data as a percentage of revenue:
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended December 31, December 31, 2021 2020 2021 2020 Revenue 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Cost of educational services 48.6 % 51.5 % 50.4 % 50.0 % Student services and administrative expense 41.4 % 30.8 % 42.9 % 31.6 % Restructuring expense 0.9 % 0.5 % 1.0 % 0.9 % Business acquisition and integration expense 2.4 % 4.7 % 5.4 % 5.4 % Total operating cost and expense 93.3 % 87.6 % 99.6 % 87.9 % Operating income 6.7 % 12.4 % 0.4 % 12.1 % Net other expense (6.8) % (0.6) % (10.8) % (0.8) % (Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes (0.1) % 11.8 % (10.4) % 11.3 % Benefit from (provision for) income taxes 10.6 % (1.5) % 4.7 % (1.7) % Income (loss) from continuing operations 10.5 % 10.2 % (5.8) % 9.6 % Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax (5.7) % (0.3) % (0.3) % (0.1) % Net income (loss) 4.8 % 9.9 % (6.1) % 9.5 % Net loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest from discontinued operations 0.0 % 0.1 % 0.0 % 0.1 % Net income (loss) attributable to Adtalem 4.8 % 9.9 % (6.1) % 9.5 % Revenue
The following tables present revenue by segment detailing the changes from the year-ago periods (in thousands):
Three Months Ended December 31, 2021 Medical and Chamberlain Walden Veterinary Consolidated Fiscal year 2021 as reported$ 141,977 $ -$ 92,419 $ 234,396 Organic decline (2,856) - (969) (3,825) Effect of acquisitions - 140,627 - 140,627 Fiscal year 2022 as reported$ 139,121 $ 140,627 $ 91,450 $ 371,198 Fiscal year 2022 % change: Organic decline (2.0) % NM (1.0) % (1.6) % Effect of acquisitions - NM - 60.0 %
Fiscal year 2022 % change as reported (2.0) % NM
(1.0) % 58.4 % Six Months Ended December 31, 2021 Medical and Chamberlain Walden Veterinary Consolidated Fiscal year 2021 as reported$ 275,741 $ -$ 177,481 $ 453,222 Organic decline (981) - (1,217) (2,198) Effect of acquisitions - 209,244 - 209,244 Fiscal year 2022 as reported$ 274,760 $ 209,244 $ 176,264 $ 660,268 Fiscal year 2022 % change: Organic decline (0.4) % NM (0.7) % (0.5) % Effect of acquisitions - NM - 46.2 %
Fiscal year 2022 % change as reported (0.4) % NM
(0.7) % 45.7 % 44 Table of Contents Chamberlain
Chamberlain Student Enrollment:
Fiscal Year 2022 Session July 2021 Sept. 2021 Nov. 2021 New students 2,810 5,487 2,916 % change from prior year 1.5 % (13.4) % (0.5) % Total students 32,729 34,539 33,648 % change from prior year 1.6 % (2.8) % (2.1) % Fiscal Year 2021 Session July 2020 Sept. 2020 Nov. 2020 Jan. 2021 Mar. 2021 May 2021 New students 2,768 6,333 2,931 5,202 3,283 4,363 % change from prior year 15.5 % 13.2 % 8.1 % (1.7) % 6.8 % 3.6 % Total students 32,198 35,525 34,387 35,750 35,702 34,930 % change from prior year 12.2 % 11.9 % 10.2 %
5.6 % 5.8 % 4.6 % Chamberlain revenue decreased 2.0%, or$2.9 million , to$139.1 million in the second quarter and decreased 0.4%, or$1.0 million , to$274.8 million in the first six months of fiscal year 2022 compared to the year-ago periods. These decreases were driven by declining total enrollments in theSeptember 2021 andNovember 2021 sessions compared to the same sessions from the prior year. Chamberlain admitted its largest class of campus students inSeptember 2020 , which partially explains the decline in theSeptember 2021 comparable session, as enrollment changes return to historical levels. Management believes that a decrease in new and total student enrollment in several programs, with the most pronounced being in the RN-to-BSN online degree program, may partially be driven by prolonged COVID-19 pandemic disruptions in the healthcare industry. It is expected disruptions caused by COVID-19 may continue to effect enrollment for as long as the pandemic continues to stress the healthcare market.
Chamberlain currently operates 23 campuses in 15 states, including Chamberlain's
newest campus in
Tuition Rates:
Tuition for the BSN onsite degree program ranges from$675 to$730 per credit hour. Tuition for the Registered Nurse to BSN ("RN-to-BSN") online degree program is$590 per credit hour. Tuition for the online Master of Science in Nursing ("MSN") degree program is$650 per credit hour. Tuition for the online Family Nurse Practitioner ("FNP") degree program is$665 per credit hour. Tuition for the online Doctor of Nursing Practice ("DNP") degree program is$775 per credit hour. Tuition for the online Master of Public Health ("MPH") degree program is$550 per credit hour. Tuition for the online Master of Social Work ("MSW") degree program is$695 per credit hour. These tuition rates do not include the cost of course fees, books, supplies, transportation, clinical fees, living expenses, or other fees as listed in theChamberlain University academic catalog. Walden Walden Student Enrollment: Fiscal Year 2022 Term Sept. 2021 Dec. 2021 New students 8,413 4,999 Total students 44,886 41,158
Walden new and total student enrollment represents those students attending instructional sessions as ofSeptember 30, 2021 andDecember 31, 2021 . Walden revenue was$140.6 million in the second quarter and$209.2 million in the first six months of fiscal year 2022, which includes the deferred revenue purchase accounting adjustment of$2.4 million and$8.6 million in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2022, respectively. There was no comparable
revenue in 45 Table of Contents the year-ago periods as Adtalem acquired Walden onAugust 12, 2021 . Management believes new and total enrollment was possibly negatively affected by COVID-19 disruptions in the healthcare industry and the negative publicity surrounding the now concludedU.S. Department of Justice inquiry into potential false representations and false advertising to students. This inquiry ultimately concluded favorably, with no findings of misconduct by Walden. In addition, the uncertainty from potential students around the change in control and the Walden acquisition may have negatively affected enrollment. It is expected disruptions caused by COVID-19 may continue to effect enrollment for as long as the pandemic continues to stress the healthcare market.
Tuition Rates:
On a per credit hour basis, tuition for Walden programs range from$120 per credit hour to$995 per credit hour, with the wide range due to the nature of the programs. General education courses are charged at$325 per credit hour. Other subscription based learning modalities are billed on a subscription or term basis and range from$1,500 to$6,800 per term. Students are charged a technology fee that ranges from$75 to$210 per term as well as a clinical fee of$150 per course for specific programs. Some programs require students to attend residencies, skills labs, and pre-practicum labs, which are charged at a range of$975 to$2,475 per event. These tuition rates, event charges, and fees do not include the cost of books or personal technology, supplies, transportation, or living expenses.
Medical and Veterinary
Medical and Veterinary Student Enrollment:
Fiscal Year 2022 Semester Sept. 2021 New students 878 % change from prior year (4.6) % Total students 5,449 % change from prior year (6.9) % Fiscal Year 2021 Semester Sept. 2020 Jan. 2021 May 2021 New students 920 589 611 % change from prior year 5.5 % 21.2 % 12.3 % Total students 5,850 5,292 5,126 % change from prior year 4.3 % (6.2) % (1.2) % Medical and Veterinary revenue decreased 1.0%, or$1.0 million , to$91.5 million in the second quarter and decreased 0.7%, or$1.2 million , to$176.3 million in the first six months of fiscal year 2022 compared to the year-ago periods, driven by lower enrollment, partially offset by an increase in clinical revenue at AUC for the first six months of fiscal year 2022 and increased clinical revenue and housing revenue at RUSM for the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2022. In theSeptember 2021 semester, total student enrollment increased at AUC but declined at RUSM and RUSVM while new student enrollment increased at RUSVM but declined at AUC and RUSM. The decline in total student enrollment at RUSM was driven by the inability to offer clinical experiences to all eligible students caused by an increase in students waiting to pass their USMLE Step 1 exam. If a student has not yet started in a clinical program, is not eligible to be enrolled in a clinical program, or not participating in other educational experiences, they are not included in the enrollment count for that semester. This clinical backlog is decreasing and is expected to be less of a factor in enrollments in the near term. Management believes increased competition for students and hesitancy on participating in on campus instruction were drivers of lower new student enrollment. Total enrollment at RUSM and RUSVM also declined due to higher student withdrawals and leaves of absence. Management is executing its plan to differentiate the medical and veterinary schools from the competition, with a core goal of increasing international students, increasing affiliations with historically black colleges and universities ("HBCU") and Hispanic-serving institutions ("HSI"), expanding AUC's medical education program based in theU.K. in partnership with theUniversity of Central Lancashire ("UCLAN"), and improving the effectiveness of marketing and enrollment investments. 46 Table of Contents Tuition Rates:
Effective for semesters beginning in
? beginning basic sciences and final clinical rotation portions of AUC's medical
program are
rates represent a 2.4% increase from the prior academic year.
Effective for semesters beginning in
? beginning basic sciences and final clinical rotation portions of RUSM's medical
program are
rates represent a 2.4% increase from the prior academic year.
For students
tuition rate for the pre-clinical (Semesters 1-7) and clinical curriculum
(Semesters 8-10) is
?
clinical curriculum are
effective
from the prior academic year.
The respective tuition rates for AUC, RUSM, and RUSVM do not include the cost of transportation, living expenses, or health insurance.
Cost of Educational Services
The largest component of cost of educational services is the cost of faculty and staffwho support educational operations. This expense category also includes the costs of facilities, adjunct faculty, supplies, housing, bookstore, other educational materials, student education-related support activities, and the provision for bad debts. We have not yet experienced significant inflationary pressures on wages or other costs of delivering our educational services; however, should inflation persist in the overall economy, cost increase could affect our results of operations in the future. The following tables present cost of educational services by segment detailing the changes from the year-ago periods (in thousands): Three Months Ended December 31, 2021 Medical and Home Office Chamberlain Walden Veterinary and Other Consolidated Fiscal year 2021 as reported$ 63,989 $ -$ 56,283 $ 555$ 120,827 Cost increase (decrease) 2,608 - (2,138) (555) (85) Effect of acquisitions - 59,678 - - 59,678
Fiscal year 2022 as reported
-$ 180,420 Fiscal year 2022 % change: Cost increase (decrease) 4.1 % NM (3.8) % NM (0.1) % Effect of acquisitions - NM - NM 49.4 % Fiscal year 2022 % change as reported 4.1 % NM (3.8) % NM 49.3 % Six Months Ended December 31, 2021 Medical and Home Office Chamberlain Walden Veterinary and Other Consolidated Fiscal year 2021 as reported$ 123,721 $ -$ 101,662 $ 1,137 $ 226,520 Cost increase (decrease) 8,564 - 4,793 (1,137) 12,220 Effect of acquisitions - 93,730 - - 93,730
Fiscal year 2022 as reported
-$ 332,470 Fiscal year 2022 % change: Cost increase 6.9 % NM 4.7 % NM 5.4 % Effect of acquisitions - NM - NM 41.4 % Fiscal year 2022 % change as reported 6.9 % NM 4.7 % NM 46.8 % 47 Table of Contents Cost of educational services increased 49.3%, or$59.6 million , to$180.4 million in the second quarter and increased 46.8%, or$106.0 million , to$332.5 million in the first six months of fiscal year 2022 compared to the year-ago periods. Excluding the effect of the Walden acquisition, cost of education services decreased 0.1%, or$0.1 million , in the second quarter and increased 5.4%, or$12.2 million , in the first six months of fiscal year 2022 compared to the year-ago periods. Costs increased in the first six months of fiscal year 2022 primarily driven by return to campus cost increases at Chamberlain, AUC, RUSM, and RUSVM, increased clinical expense to support increased clinical hours, and costs to support Chamberlain campus growth. As a percentage of revenue, cost of educational services was 48.6% and 50.4% in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2022, respectively, compared to 51.5% and 50.0% in the year-ago periods. The decrease in the percentage in the second quarter was primarily the result of the influence of Walden's higher gross margins for the entire quarter. Walden's fully online operating model results in lower cost of educational services. The increase in the percentage in the first six months of fiscal year 2022 was primarily the result of return to campus, partially offset by Walden's lower relative cost of instruction for a portion of the six-month period.
Student Services and Administrative Expense
The student services and administrative expense category includes expenses related to student admissions, marketing and advertising, general and administrative, and amortization expense of finite-lived intangible assets related to business acquisitions. The following tables present student services and administrative expense by segment detailing the changes from the year-ago periods (in thousands): Three Months Ended December 31, 2021 Medical and Home Office Chamberlain Walden Veterinary and Other Consolidated Fiscal year 2021 as reported$ 45,506 $ -$ 17,328 $ 9,426 $ 72,260 Cost increase (decrease) 1,227 - 272 (1,763) (264) Effect of acquisitions excluding special items - 50,902 - - 50,902 Walden intangible amortization expense - 30,699 - - 30,699
Fiscal year 2022 as reported
Fiscal year 2022 % change: Cost increase (decrease) 2.7 % NM 1.6 % NM (0.4) % Effect of acquisitions excluding special items - NM - NM 70.4 % Effect of Walden intangible amortization expense - NM - NM 42.5 % Fiscal year 2022 % change as reported 2.7 % NM 1.6 % NM 112.6 % 48 Table of Contents Six Months Ended December 31, 2021 Medical and Home Office Chamberlain Walden Veterinary and Other Consolidated Fiscal year 2021 as reported$ 89,370 $ -$ 34,169 $ 19,551 $ 143,090 Cost increase (decrease) 6,459 - 270 (792) 5,937 Effect of acquisitions excluding special items - 80,661 -
- 80,661 Walden intangible amortization expense - 47,150 - - 47,150 CEO transition costs - - - 6,195 6,195
Fiscal year 2022 as reported
Fiscal year 2022 % change: Cost increase 7.2 % NM 0.8 % NM 4.1 % Effect of acquisitions excluding special items - NM - NM 56.4 % Effect of Walden intangible amortization expense - NM - NM 33.0 % Effect of CEO transition costs - NM - NM 4.3 % Fiscal year 2022 % change as reported 7.2 % NM 0.8 % NM 97.8 % Student services and administrative expense increased 112.6%, or$81.3 million , to$153.6 million in the second quarter and increased 97.8%, or$139.9 million , to$283.0 million in the first six months of fiscal year 2022 compared to the year-ago periods. Excluding the effect of the Walden acquisition and CEO transition costs, student services and administrative expense decreased 0.4%, or$0.3 million , in the second quarter and increased 4.1%, or$5.9 million , in the first six months of fiscal year 2022 compared to the year-ago periods. Increased costs at Chamberlain in the first six months of fiscal year 2022 were primarily driven by higher marketing expense. As a percentage of revenue, student services and administrative expense was 41.4% and 42.9% in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2022, respectively, compared to 30.8% and 31.6% in the year-ago periods. The increases in the percentages were primarily the result of an increase in Chamberlain marketing expense, Walden intangible amortization expense and CEO transition costs. Restructuring Expense
Restructuring expense in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2022 was$3.4 million and$6.5 million , respectively, compared to$1.2 million and$4.1 million in the year-ago periods. The primary driver of the increased restructure expense in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2022 was the higher severance charges related to workforce reductions related to synergy actions with regard to the Walden acquisition. See Note 6 "Restructuring Charges" to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on restructuring charges.
In addition to continuing to incur restructuring charges or reversals related to exiting leased space from previous restructuring activities, we have begun additional restructuring plans to achieve synergies with the Walden acquisition.
Business Acquisition and Integration Expense
Business acquisition and integration expense in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2022 was$9.1 million and$35.6 million , respectively, compared to$11.1 million and$24.5 million in the year-ago periods. These are transaction costs associated with acquiring Walden and costs associated with integrating Walden into Adtalem. We expect to incur additional integration costs through the remainder of fiscal year 2022. 49 Table of Contents Operating Income
The following tables present operating income by segment detailing the changes from the year-ago periods (in thousands):
Three Months Ended December 31, 2021 Medical and Home Office Chamberlain Walden Veterinary and Other Consolidated Fiscal year 2021 as reported$ 32,482 $ -$ 18,808 $ (22,226) $ 29,064 Organic change (6,691) - 898 2,317 (3,476) Effect of acquisitions excluding special items - 32,401 - - 32,401 Deferred revenue adjustment change - (2,354) - - (2,354) Restructuring expense change (335) (1,791) (188) 93 (2,221) Business acquisition and integration expense change - - - 2,019 2,019 Walden intangible amortization expense change - (30,699) - - (30,699)
Fiscal year 2022 as reported
$ (17,797) $ 24,734 Six Months Ended December 31, 2021 Medical and Home Office Chamberlain Walden Veterinary and Other Consolidated Fiscal year 2021 as reported$ 62,651 $ -$ 41,649 $ (49,285) $ 55,015 Organic change (16,005) - (6,278) 1,929 (20,354) Effect of acquisitions excluding special items - 43,413 - - 43,413 Deferred revenue adjustment change - (8,561) - - (8,561) CEO transition costs change - - - (6,195) (6,195) Restructuring expense change (335) (1,791) (188) (85) (2,399) Business acquisition and integration expense change - - - (11,098) (11,098) Walden intangible amortization expense change - (47,150) - - (47,150)
Fiscal year 2022 as reported
$ (64,734) $ 2,671 50 Table of Contents The following table presents a reconciliation of operating income (GAAP) to operating income excluding special items (non-GAAP) by segment (in thousands): Three Months Ended Six Months Ended December 31, December 31, Increase Increase 2021 2020 (Decrease) 2021 2020 (Decrease) Chamberlain: Operating income (GAAP)$ 25,456 $ 32,482 (21.6) %$ 46,311 $ 62,651 (26.1) % Restructuring expense 335 - 335 - Operating income excluding special items (non-GAAP)$ 25,791 $ 32,482 (20.6) %$ 46,646 $ 62,651 (25.5) % Walden: Operating loss (GAAP)$ (2,443) $ - NM$ (14,089) $ - NM Deferred revenue adjustment 2,354 - 8,561 - Restructuring expense 1,791 - 1,791 - Walden intangible amortization expense 30,699 - 47,150 - Operating income excluding special items (non-GAAP)$ 32,401 $ - NM$ 43,413 $ - NM Medical and Veterinary: Operating income (GAAP)$ 19,518 $ 18,808 3.8 %$ 35,183 $ 41,649 (15.5) % Restructuring expense 188 - 188 - Operating income excluding special items (non-GAAP)$ 19,706 $ 18,808 4.8 %$ 35,371 $ 41,649 (15.1) % Home Office and Other: Operating loss (GAAP)$ (17,797) $ (22,226) 19.9 %$ (64,734) $ (49,285) (31.3) % CEO transition costs - - 6,195 - Restructuring expense 1,073 1,166 4,167 4,082 Business acquisition and integration expense 9,060 11,079 35,613 24,515 Operating loss excluding special items (non-GAAP)$ (7,664) $ (9,981) 23.2 %$ (18,759) $ (20,688) 9.3 %Adtalem Global Education : Operating income (GAAP)$ 24,734 $ 29,064 (14.9) %$ 2,671 $ 55,015 (95.1) % Deferred revenue adjustment 2,354 - 8,561 - CEO transition costs - - 6,195 - Restructuring expense 3,387 1,166 6,481 4,082 Business acquisition and integration expense 9,060 11,079 35,613 24,515 Walden intangible amortization expense 30,699 - 47,150 - Operating income excluding special items (non-GAAP)$ 70,234 $ 41,309 70.0 %$ 106,671 $ 83,612 27.6 % Total consolidated operating income decreased 14.9%, or$4.3 million , to$24.7 million in the second quarter and decreased 95.1%, or$52.3 million , to$2.7 million in the first six months of fiscal year 2022 compared to the year-ago periods. Excluding the effect of the Walden acquisition, total consolidated operating income decreased$1.9 million and decreased$38.3 million in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2022, respectively, compared to the year-ago periods. The primary drivers of the operating income decreases in the second quarter and the first six months of fiscal year 2022 were decreased revenue at Chamberlain and Medical and Veterinary, increased costs at Chamberlain and Medical and Veterinary for return to campus, increased marketing expense at Chamberlain, and CEO transition costs. An additional driver of the operating income decrease in the first six months of fiscal year 2022 was increased business acquisition and integration costs. Consolidated operating income excluding special items increased 70.0%, or$28.9 million , in the second quarter and increased 27.6%, or$23.1 million , in the first six months of fiscal year 2022 compared to the year-ago periods. The addition of operating income excluding special items from Walden was partially offset by the drivers explained above for the other segments.
Chamberlain
Chamberlain operating income decreased 21.6%, or$7.0 million , to$25.5 million in the second quarter and decreased 26.1%, or$16.3 million , to$46.3 million in the first six months of fiscal year 2022 compared to the year-ago periods. The primary drivers of the decreases in operating income was decreased revenue, increased costs for return to campus and increased marketing expense. 51 Table of ContentsWalden Walden operating loss was$2.4 million in the second quarter and an operating loss of$14.1 million in the first six months of fiscal year 2022, which were impacted by intangible amortization expense and the deferred revenue purchase accounting adjustments. Segment operating income excluding special items was$32.4 million and$43.4 million in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2022, respectively. There was no comparable operating income in the year-ago periods as Adtalem acquired Walden onAugust 12, 2021 .
Medical and Veterinary
Medical and Veterinary operating income increased 3.8%, or$0.7 million , to$19.5 million in the second quarter and decreased 15.5%, or$6.5 million , to$35.2 million in the first six months of fiscal year 2022 compared to the year-ago periods. The primary driver of the increase in operating income in the second quarter of fiscal year 2022 was lower bad debt expense. The primary driver of the decrease in operating income in the first six months of fiscal year 2022 was an increase in costs for return to campus.
Net Other Expense
Net other expense in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2022 was$25.1 million and$71.6 million , respectively, compared to$1.5 million and$3.7 million in the year-ago periods. The increase in net other expense was primarily the result of increased borrowings (as discussed in Note 13 "Debt" to the Consolidated Financial Statements) to finance the Walden acquisition.
Benefit from (Provision for) Income Taxes
Our effective income tax rate ("ETR") from continuing operations can differ from the 21%U.S. federal statutory rate due to several factors, including the rate of tax applied by state and local jurisdictions, the rate of tax applied to earnings outside theU.S. , tax incentives, changes in valuation allowances, liabilities for uncertain tax positions, and tax benefits on stock-based compensation awards. Additionally, our ETR is impacted by the provisions from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the "Tax Act"), which primarily includes a tax on global intangible low-taxed income ("GILTI"), a deduction for foreign derived intangible income ("FDII"), and a limitation of tax benefits on certain executive compensation. The impact of the Tax Act may be revised in future periods as we obtain additional data and consider any new regulations or guidance that may be released. Our income tax benefits from continuing operations were$39.4 million and$30.8 million in the three and six months endedDecember 31, 2021 , respectively, and our income tax expenses from continuing operations were$3.6 million and$7.8 million in the three and six months endedDecember 31, 2020 , respectively. The increase in the fiscal year 2022 income tax benefit is the result of the losses incurred for the three and six months endedDecember 31, 2021 , and a catch-up tax benefit recorded in the second quarter of fiscal year 2022 due to the change in the full year ETR after reflecting discontinued operations treatment for the Financial Services segment. OnDecember 27, 2020 , the Appropriations Act was enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Appropriations Act, among other things, temporarily extends throughDecember 31, 2025 , certain expiring tax provisions, including look-through treatment of payments of dividends, interest, rents, and royalties received or accrued from related controlled foreign corporations. Additionally, the Appropriations Act enacted new provisions and extended certain provisions originated within the CARES Act, enacted onMarch 27, 2020 , including an extension of time for repayment of the deferred portion of employees' payroll tax throughDecember 31, 2021 , and a temporary allowance for full deduction of certain business meals. Adtalem elected not to defer the employees' portion of payroll tax. Management does not expect that the other provisions of the Appropriations Act would result in a material tax or cash benefit. OnMarch 11, 2021 , the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (the "Rescue Act") was enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Rescue Act, among other things, expands the number of employees subject to the tax deductibility limitation of employee compensation in excess of$1 million for tax years beginning afterDecember 31, 2026 and repeals the election forU.S. affiliated groups to allocate interest expense on a worldwide basis. Management does not expect that the other provisions of the Rescue Act would result in a material tax or cash detriment. 52 Table of Contents Discontinued Operations Beginning in the second quarter of fiscal year 2022, ACAMS, Becker, OCL, and EduPristine operations were classified as discontinued operations. In addition, we continue to incur costs associated with ongoing litigation and settlements related to theDeVry University divestiture, which was completed during fiscal year 2019, and are classified as expense within discontinued operations.
Total loss from discontinued operations attributable to Adtalem was
Regulatory Environment Student Payments Adtalem's primary source of liquidity is the cash received from payments for student tuition, books, other educational materials, and fees. These payments include funds originating as financial aid from various federal and state loan and grant programs, student and family educational loans ("private loans"), employer educational reimbursements, scholarships, and student and family financial resources. Adtalem continues to provide financing options for its students, including Adtalem's credit extension programs. The following table, which excludes ACAMS, Adtalem Brazil (divestiture completed during fiscal year 2020, Becker, EduPristine, and OCL revenue, summarizes Adtalem's revenue by fund source as a percentage of total revenue for fiscal years 2021 and 2020. Fiscal Year 2021 2020 Federal assistance (Title IV) program funding (grants and loans) 72 % 71 % State grants 1 % 1 % Private loans 2 %
2 % Student accounts, cash payments, private scholarships, employer and military provided tuition assistance, and other 25 %
26 % Total 100 % 100 % The pattern of cash receipts during the year is seasonal. Adtalem's cash collections on accounts receivable peak at the start of each institution's term. Accounts receivable reach their lowest level at the end of each institution's term. Financial Aid
Like other higher education companies, Adtalem is highly dependent upon the timely receipt of federal financial aid funds. All financial aid and assistance programs are subject to political and governmental budgetary considerations. In theU.S. , the Higher Education Act ("HEA") guides the federal government's support of postsecondary education. If there are changes to financial aid programs that restrict student eligibility or reduce funding levels, Adtalem's financial condition and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected. See Item 1A. "Risk Factors" in our 2021 Form 10-K for a discussion of student financial aid related risks. In addition, government-funded financial assistance programs are governed by extensive and complex regulations in theU.S. Like any other educational institution, Adtalem's administration of these programs is periodically reviewed by various regulatory agencies and is subject to audit or investigation by other governmental authorities. Any violation could be the basis for penalties or other disciplinary action, including initiation of a suspension, limitation, or termination proceeding. If theU.S. Department of Education ("ED") determines that we have failed to demonstrate either financial responsibility or administrative capability in any pending program review, or otherwise determines that an institution has violated the terms of its Program Participation Agreement ("PPA"), we could be subject to sanctions including: fines, penalties, reimbursement for discharged loan obligations, a requirement to post a letter of credit, and/or suspension or termination of our eligibility to participate in the Title IV programs. 53
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During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020 and the first quarter of fiscal year 2021, ED provisionally recertified AUC, RUSM, and RUSVM's Title IV PPAs with expiration dates ofDecember 31, 2022 ,March 31, 2023 , andJune 30, 2023 , respectively. The provisional nature of the agreements stemmed from increased and/or repeated Title IV compliance audit findings. No financial ramifications, such as a letter of credit, heightened cash monitoring, or student enrollment limitations, were imposed on any of these institutions. While corrective actions have been taken to resolve past compliance matters and eliminate the incidence of repetition, if AUC, RUSM, or RUSVM fail to maintain administrative capability as defined by ED while under provisional status or otherwise fail to comply with ED requirements, the institution(s) could lose eligibility to participate in Title IV programs or have that eligibility adversely conditioned, which could have a material adverse effect on the businesses, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. OnOctober 13, 2016 ,DeVry University and ED reached a negotiated agreement (the "ED Settlement") to settle the claims asserted in a Notice of Intent to Limit from theMulti-Regional andForeign School Participation Division of the Federal Student Aid office of theDepartment of Education ("ED FSA"). Under the terms of the ED Settlement, among other things, without admitting wrongdoing,DeVry University agreed to certain compliance requirements regarding its past and future advertising, thatDeVry University's participation in Title IV programs was subject to provisional certification for five years and thatDeVry University was required to post a letter of credit equal to the greater of 10% ofDeVry University's annual Title IV disbursements or$68.4 million for a five-year period. The posted letter of credit continued to be posted by Adtalem following the closing of the sale ofDeVry University . This letter of credit expired during the second quarter of fiscal year 2022 and is no longer outstanding as ofDecember 31, 2021 . Walden must apply periodically to ED for continued certification to participate in Title IV programs. Such recertification generally is required every six years, but may be required earlier, including when an institution undergoes a change in control. ED may place an institution on provisional certification status if it finds that the institution does not fully satisfy all of the eligibility and certification standards and in certain other circumstances, such as when an institution is certified for the first time or undergoes a change in control. During the period of provisional certification, the institution must comply with any additional conditions included in the institution's program participation agreement. In addition, ED may more closely review an institution that is provisionally certified if it applies for recertification or approval to open a new location, add an educational program, acquire another institution or make any other significant change. Students attending provisionally certified institutions remain eligible to receive Title IV program funds. If ED determines that a provisionally certified institution is unable to meet its responsibilities under its program participation agreement, it may seek to revoke the institution's certification to participate in Title IV programs without advance notice or opportunity for the institution to challenge the action.Walden University is currently on a temporary provisional program participation agreement which is required for participation in Title IV programs on a month-to-month basis. Walden's provisional certification prior to acquisition was due to Walden's prior parent company (Laureate Education Inc.) failing composite score under ED's financial responsibility standards and ED's approval of Laureate's initial public offering inFebruary 2017 , which it viewed as a change in control. As a result of Adtalem's acquisition of Walden, the provisional nature of Walden's program participation agreement remains in effect on a month-to-month basis while ED reviews the change in ownership application relating to the acquisition of Walden by Adtalem. Walden also is subject to a letter of credit and is subject to additional cash management requirements with respect to its disbursements of Title IV funds, as well as a restriction on changes to its educational programs, including a prohibition on the addition of new programs or locations that had not been approved by ED prior to the change in ownership during the period in which Walden participates under provisional certification (either as a result of the change in ownership or because of the continuation of the financial responsibility letter of credit). As ofDecember 31, 2021 , Adtalem maintains a letter of credit for$84.0 million in favor of ED, which allows Walden to participate in Title IV programs. This letter of credit, which was assumed in the Acquisition, reduces Adtalem's borrowing capacity dollar-for-dollar under its Credit Facility (as defined in Note 13 "Debt" to the Consolidated Financial Statements). An ED regulation known as the "90/10 Rule" affects only proprietary postsecondary institutions, such as Chamberlain, Walden, AUC, RUSM, and RUSVM. Under this regulation, an institution that derives more than 90% of its revenue on a cash basis from Title IV student financial assistance programs in two consecutive fiscal years loses eligibility to participate in these programs for at least two fiscal years. The Rescue Act enacted onMarch 11, 2021 amended the 90/10 rule to require that a proprietary institution derive no more than 90% of its revenue from federal education assistance funds, including but not limited to previously excludedU.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and military tuition assistance benefits. This change is subject to negotiated rulemaking, which began inJanuary 2022 . The amended rule will first apply to institutional fiscal years beginning on or afterJanuary 1, 2023 . The following table details the percentage of revenue on 54 Table of Contents
a cash basis from federal financial assistance programs (excluding the
Fiscal Year 2021 2020 Chamberlain University 66 % 62 %
85 % 85 % Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine 82 % 84 % Fiscal year data for Walden is not available as they previously reported on a calendar year basis. As reported by Laureate Education, Inc. in theirFebruary 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K, Walden derived approximately 76% of its revenues (calculated on a cash basis) from Title IV program funds for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 . InSeptember 2016 , Adtalem committed to voluntarily limit to 85% the amount of revenue that each of its Title IV-eligible institutions derive from federal funding, including theU.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and military tuition assistance benefits. As disclosed in the third party review reports that have been made publicly available, Adtalem's institutions that were owned at each reporting date have met this lower threshold for each fiscal year since the commitment was made. Adtalem is committed to implementing measures to promote responsible recruitment and enrollment, successful student outcomes, and informed student choice. Management believes students deserve greater transparency to make informed choices about their education. This commitment builds upon a solid foundation and brings Adtalem to a new self-imposed level of public accountability and transparency. A financial responsibility test is required for continued participation by an institution's students inU.S. federal financial assistance programs. For Adtalem's participating institutions, this test is calculated at the consolidated Adtalem level. The test is based upon a composite score of three ratios: an equity ratio that measures the institution's capital resources; a primary reserve ratio that measures an institution's ability to fund its operations from current resources; and a net income ratio that measures an institution's ability to operate profitably. A minimum score of 1.5 is necessary to meet ED's financial standards. Institutions with scores of less than 1.5 but greater than or equal to 1.0 are considered financially responsible, but require additional oversight. These institutions are subject to heightened cash monitoring and other participation requirements. An institution with a score of less than 1.0 is considered not financially responsible. However, an institution with a score of less than 1.0 may continue to participate in the Title IV programs under provisional certification. In addition, this lower score typically requires that the institution be subject to heightened cash monitoring requirements and post a letter of credit (equal to a minimum of 10% of the Title IV aid it received in the institution's most recent fiscal year). For the past several years, Adtalem's composite score has exceeded the required minimum of 1.5. Changes to the manner in which the composite score is calculated that were effective onJuly 1, 2020 has negatively affected Adtalem's composite score for fiscal year 2021 and will continue to negatively affect future Adtalem scores. At this time, management does not believe these changes by themselves will result in the score falling below 1.5. However, as a result of the acquisition of Walden and the related transactions, Adtalem expects its consolidated composite score to fall below 1.5 for its fiscal year 2022 financial responsibility test. If Adtalem becomes unable to meet requisite financial responsibility standards within the regulations, management believes it will be able to otherwise demonstrate its ability to continue to provide educational services; however, our institutions will be subject to additional state regulatory approvals, heightened cash monitoring, or be required to post a letter of credit to continue to participate in federal and state financial assistance programs.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Adtalem's consolidated cash and cash equivalents balance of$275.4 million ,$476.4 million , and$415.9 million as ofDecember 31, 2021 ,June 30, 2021 , andDecember 31, 2020 , respectively, included cash and cash equivalents held at Adtalem's international operations of$51.7 million ,$111.7 million , and$44.5 million as ofDecember 31, 2021 ,June 30, 2021 , andDecember 31, 2020 , respectively, which is available to Adtalem for general corporate purposes.
Under the terms of Adtalem institutions' participation in financial aid programs, certain cash received from state governments and ED is maintained in restricted bank accounts. Adtalem receives these funds either after the financial aid authorization and disbursement process for the benefit of the student is completed, or just prior to that authorization. Once
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the authorization and disbursement process for a particular student is completed, the funds may be transferred to unrestricted accounts and become available for Adtalem to use in operations. This process generally occurs during the academic term for which such funds have been authorized. Cash in the amount of$1.2 million ,$0.4 million , and$39.4 million was held in these restricted bank accounts as ofDecember 31, 2021 ,June 30, 2021 , andDecember 31, 2020 , respectively. The higher balance in these accounts atDecember 31, 2020 was driven by the federal financial aid funds received duringDecember 2020 for theJanuary 2021 semester at the medical and veterinary schools, which were not yet transferred to unrestricted accounts as ofDecember 31, 2020 . The federal financial aid funds we received inDecember 2021 for theJanuary 2022 semester at the medical and veterinary schools were transferred to unrestricted accounts prior toDecember 31, 2021 . In addition,$818.6 million was recorded within restricted cash on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as ofJune 30, 2021 , which represents cash held in an escrow account designated to fund the Acquisition and was not available to Adtalem for general corporate purposes (see Note 13 "Debt" to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information).
Cash Flow Summary
Operating Activities
The following table provides a summary of cash flows from operating activities (in thousands): Six Months EndedDecember 31, 2021 2020
(Loss) income from continuing operations$ (38,148) $
43,527
Non-cash items 131,129
55,037
Changes in assets and liabilities (111,949)
(40,607)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities-continuing operations$ (18,968) $
57,957
Net cash used in operating activities from continuing operations in the six months endedDecember 31, 2021 was$19.0 million compared to net cash generation of$58.0 million in the year-ago period. The decrease was driven by increased interest payments and payments for business acquisition and integration expenses related to the Walden acquisition. The increase of$76.1 million in non-cash items between the six months endedDecember 31, 2021 and the six months endedDecember 31, 2020 was principally driven by increases in Walden intangible amortization, Walden depreciation, Walden bad debt expense, amortization of deferred financing fees, and stock-based compensation expense related to the CEO transition. The decrease of$71.3 million in cash generated from changes in assets and liabilities was primarily due to changes in accounts receivable, prepaid assets, prepaid income taxes, accounts payable, accrued payroll and related taxes, accrued liabilities, accrued interest, and deferred revenue.
Investing Activities
Capital expenditures in the first six months of fiscal year 2022 and 2021 were$14.8 million and$19.7 million , respectively. The capital expenditures in fiscal year 2022 primarily consisted of spending for Chamberlain new campus development and improvements. Capital spending for the remainder of fiscal year 2022 will support continued investment for new campus development at Chamberlain, maintenance at the medical and veterinary schools, and Adtalem's home office. Management anticipates full fiscal year 2022 capital spending to be in the$55 to$65 million range, including$14.8 million spent during the first six months of fiscal year 2022. The source of funds for this capital spending will be from operations or the Credit Facility (as defined and discussed in Note 13 "Debt" to the Consolidated Financial Statements). 56 Table of Contents Financing Activities The following table provides a summary of cash flows from financing activities (in thousands): Six Months EndedDecember 31, 2021 2020
Net proceeds from (repayments of) long-term debt
(49,553)
(1,722)
Repurchases of common stock for treasury -
(44,963)
Other 5,926
(3,934)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
OnNovember 8, 2018 , we announced that the Board authorized Adtalem's eleventh share repurchase program, which allowed Adtalem to repurchase up to$300 million of its common stock throughDecember 31, 2021 . The eleventh share repurchase program commenced inJanuary 2019 and was completed inJanuary 2021 . OnFebruary 4, 2020 , we announced that the Board authorized Adtalem's twelfth share repurchase program, which allowed Adtalem to repurchase up to$300 million of its common stock throughDecember 31, 2021 . The twelfth share repurchase program commenced inJanuary 2021 and expired onDecember 31, 2021 . Repurchases were suspended inMay 2021 after achieving management's target of$100 million in repurchases for fiscal year 2021. We did not make any share repurchases during the six months endedDecember 31, 2021 . See Note 15 "Share Repurchases" to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on our share repurchase programs. OnMarch 24, 2020 , we executed a pay-fixed, receive-variable interest rate swap agreement (the "Swap") with a multinational financial institution to mitigate risks associated with the variable interest rate on our Prior Term Loan B (as defined in Note 13 "Debt" to the Consolidated Financial Statements) debt. We paid interest at a fixed rate of 0.946% and received variable interest of one-month LIBOR (subject to a minimum of 0.00%), on a notional amount equal to the amount outstanding under the Prior Term Loan B. The effective date of the Swap wasMarch 31, 2020 and settlements with the counterparty occurred on a monthly basis. The Swap was set to terminate onFebruary 28, 2025 . OnJuly 29, 2021 , prior to refinancing our Prior Credit Agreement (as discussed below), we settled and terminated the Swap for$4.5 million , which resulted in a charge to interest expense for this amount in the first six months of fiscal year 2022. During the operating term of the Swap, the annual interest rate on the amount of the Prior Term Loan B was fixed at 3.946% (including the impact of our current 3% interest rate margin on LIBOR loans) for the applicable interest rate period. The Swap was designated as a cash flow hedge and as such, changes in its fair value were recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss on the Consolidated Balance Sheet and were reclassified into the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) within interest expense in the periods in which the hedged transactions affected earnings. As discussed in the previous section of this MD&A titled "Walden University Acquisition," onAugust 12, 2021 , Adtalem acquired all of the issued and outstanding equity interest in Walden, in exchange for a purchase price of$1.5 billion in cash. OnMarch 1, 2021 , we issued$800 million aggregate principal amount of 5.50% Senior Secured Notes due 2028 (the "Notes"), which mature onMarch 1, 2028 . OnAugust 12, 2021 , Adtalem replaced the Prior Credit Facility and Prior Credit Agreement (as defined in Note 13 "Debt" to the Consolidated Financial Statements) by entering into its new credit agreement (the "Credit Agreement") that provides for (1) a$850 million senior secured term loan ("Term Loan B") with a maturity date ofAugust 12, 2028 and (2) a$400 million senior secured revolving loan facility ("Revolver") with a maturity date ofAugust 12, 2026 . We refer to the Term Loan B and Revolver collectively as the "Credit Facility." The proceeds of the Notes and the Term Loan B were used, among other things, to finance the Acquisition, refinance Adtalem's Prior Credit Agreement, and pay fees and expenses related to the Acquisition. The Revolver will be used to finance ongoing working capital and for general corporate purposes. As ofDecember 31, 2021 , the amount of debt outstanding under the Notes and Credit Facility was$1,650.0 million . See Note 13 "Debt" to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on the Notes and our Credit Agreement. Management currently projects that COVID-19 will continue to have an effect on operations and, as a result, liquidity, as discussed in the previous section of this MD&A titled "Overview of the Impact of COVID-19"; however, we believe the current balances of cash, cash generated from operations, and our Credit Facility will be sufficient to fund both Adtalem's current domestic and international operations and growth plans for the foreseeable future. 57 Table of Contents Material Cash Requirements
Long-Term Debt - We have issued$800 million of Notes and maintain a$1,250 million credit facility, which requires principal and interest payments. As ofDecember 31, 2021 , the amount of debt outstanding under the Notes and our Credit Facility was$1,650.0 million . See Note 13 "Debt" to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on our Credit Agreement. Operating Lease Obligations - We have operating lease obligations for the minimum payments required under various lease agreements which are recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. In addition, we sublease certain space to third parties, which partially offsets the lease obligations at these facilities. See Note 11 "Leases" to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on our lease agreements.
Seasonality
The seasonal pattern of Adtalem's enrollments and its educational programs' starting dates affect the results of operations and the timing of cash flows. Therefore, management believes that comparisons of its results of operations should primarily be made to the corresponding period in the preceding year. Comparisons of financial position should be made to both the end of the previous fiscal year and to the end of the corresponding quarterly period in the preceding year.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
There have been no material changes in our critical accounting policies and estimates as disclosed in our 2021 Form 10-K.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
For a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements, see Note 2 "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Forward-Looking Statements
Certain statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are forward-looking statements as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements provide current expectations of future events based on certain assumptions and include any statement that does not directly relate to any historical or current fact, which includes statements regarding the future impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the efficacy and distribution of the vaccines, the expected synergies from the recent Walden acquisition, and the pending sale of the financial services segment including our anticipated net proceeds and whether the pending sale will be completed in the anticipated timeframe, if at all. Forward-looking statements can also be identified by words such as "future," "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "estimate," "plan," "intend," "may," "will," "would," "could," "can," "continue," "preliminary," "range," and similar terms. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in the statements. These risks and uncertainties include the risk factors described in Item 1A. "Risk Factors" of our 2021 Form 10-K and this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which should be read in conjunction with the forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. These forward-looking statements are based on information available to us as of the date any such statements are made, and we do not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statement, except as required by law.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Reconciliations
We believe that certain non-GAAP financial measures provide investors with useful supplemental information regarding the underlying business trends and performance of Adtalem's ongoing operations and are useful for period-over-period comparisons. We use these supplemental non-GAAP financial measures internally in our assessment of performance and budgeting process. However, these non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered as a substitute for, or superior to, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. The following are non-GAAP financial measures used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q: 58
Table of Contents
Net income from continuing operations excluding special items (most comparable GAAP measure: net income (loss) attributable to Adtalem) - Measure of Adtalem's net income (loss) attributable to Adtalem adjusted for deferred revenue adjustment, CEO transition costs, restructuring expense, business acquisition and integration expense, Walden intangible amortization expense, pre-acquisition interest expense, and loss from discontinued operations attributable to Adtalem. Earnings per share from continuing operations excluding special items (most comparable GAAP measure: earnings (loss) per share) - Measure of Adtalem's diluted earnings (loss) per share adjusted for deferred revenue adjustment, CEO transition costs, restructuring expense, business acquisition and integration expense, Walden intangible amortization expense, pre-acquisition interest expense, and loss from discontinued operations attributable to Adtalem. Operating income excluding special items (most comparable GAAP measure: operating income) - Measure of Adtalem's operating income adjusted for deferred revenue adjustment, CEO transition costs, restructuring expense, business acquisition and integration expense, and Walden intangible amortization expense. This measure is applied on a consolidated and segment basis, depending on the context of the discussion.
A description of special items in our non-GAAP financial measures described above are as follows:
? Deferred revenue adjustment related to a revenue purchase accounting adjustment
to record Walden's deferred revenue at fair value.
? CEO transition costs related to acceleration of stock-based compensation
expense.
? Restructuring expense primarily related to plans to achieve synergies with the
Walden acquisition and real estate consolidations at Adtalem's home office.
? Business acquisition and integration expense include expenses related to the
Walden acquisition.
? Walden amortization expense on acquired intangible assets.
? Pre-acquisition interest expense related to financing arrangements in
connection with the Walden acquisition.
Loss from discontinued operations attributable to Adtalem includes the
? operations of ACAMS, Becker, OCL, and EduPristine, in addition to costs related
to
The following tables provide a reconciliation from the most directly comparable GAAP measure to these non-GAAP financial measures. The operating income reconciliation is included in the results of operations section within this MD&A.
Net income (loss) attributable to Adtalem reconciliation to net income from continuing operations excluding special items (in thousands):
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended December 31, December 31, 2021 2020 2021 2020 Net income (loss) attributable to Adtalem (GAAP)$ 17,853 $ 23,315 $ (40,151) $ 43,245 Deferred revenue adjustment 2,354 - 8,561 - CEO transition costs - - 6,195 - Restructuring expense 3,387 1,166 6,481 4,082 Business acquisition and integration expense 9,060 11,079 35,613 24,515 Walden intangible amortization expense 30,699 - 47,150 - Pre-acquisition interest expense - 45 31,634 45 Income tax impact on non-GAAP adjustments (1) (46,742) (4,006) (42,102) (7,607) Loss from discontinued operations attributable to Adtalem 21,181 626 2,003 282 Net income from continuing operations excluding special items (non-GAAP)$ 37,792 $ 32,225 $ 55,384 $ 64,562
(1) Represents the income tax impact of non-GAAP continuing operations
adjustments that is recognized in our GAAP financial statements. 59 Table of Contents
Earnings (loss) per share reconciliation to earnings per share from continuing operations excluding special items (shares in thousands):
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended December 31, December 31, 2021 2020 2021 2020 Earnings (loss) per share, diluted (GAAP)$ 0.36 $ 0.44 $ (0.81) $ 0.82 Effect on diluted earnings per share: Deferred revenue adjustment 0.05 - 0.17 - CEO transition costs - - 0.12 - Restructuring expense 0.07 0.02 0.13 0.08 Business acquisition and integration expense 0.18 0.21 0.71 0.47 Walden intangible amortization expense 0.61 - 0.94 - Pre-acquisition interest expense - 0.00 0.63 0.00 Income tax impact on non-GAAP adjustments (1) (0.93) (0.08) (0.84) (0.14) Loss from discontinued operations attributable to Adtalem 0.42 0.01 0.04 0.01 Earnings per share from continuing operations excluding special items, diluted (non-GAAP)$ 0.75 $ 0.61 $ 1.10 $ 1.23 Diluted shares used in non-GAAP EPS calculation 50,237 52,441
50,166 52,622
(1) Represents the income tax impact of non-GAAP continuing operations
adjustments that is recognized in our GAAP financial statements.
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