Valuations reflect, when appropriate, the type of tenants actually in occupation or responsible for meeting lease commitments or likely to be in occupation after letting vacant accommodation, the allocation of maintenance and insurance responsibilities between the Company and the lessee, and the remaining economic life of the property. When rent reviews or lease renewals are pending with anticipated reversionary increases, it is assumed that all notices, and where appropriate counter-notices, have been served validly and within the appropriate time.

Land parcels are valued based on market prices for similar properties.

As at 31 December 2020, the estimation of fair value was made using a net present value calculation based on certain assumptions, the most important of which were as follows:

-- monthly weighted average rental rates per shopping centers, excluding turnover income, ranging from USD 9to USD 19 per sq.m., comprising minimum rental rate of USD 3 and maximum rental rate of USD 203 per sq.m., whichwere based on contractual and market rental rates, adjusted for discounts or fixation of rental rates in Ukrainianhryvnia at a pre-agreed exchange rate, occupancy rates ranging from 98.1% to 100%, capitalisation rates rangingfrom 12.5% to 16.5% p.a. which represented key unobservable inputs for determination of fair value; and

-- all relevant licences and permits, to the extent not yet received, will be obtained, in accordance withthe timetables set out in the investment project plans.

As at 30 June 2021, the fair value of investment property, denominated in the functional currency, amounted to UAH 5,440,695 thousand (unaudited) and RUB 3,314,651 thousand (unaudited) (31 December 2020: UAH 5,660,575 thousand and RUB 3,383,507 thousand). The decrease in fair value of investment property in Ukrainian Hryvnia and in Russian Rouble resulted from the change in the currency exchange rates.

Sensitivity at the date of valuation

The valuation model used to assess the fair value of investment property as at 31 December 2020 is particularly sensitive to unobservable inputs in the following areas:

-- If rental rates are 1% less than those used in valuation models, the fair value of investment propertieswould be USD 2,206 thousand lower. If rental rates are 1% higher, then the fair value of investment propertieswould USD 2,206 thousand higher.

-- If the capitalisation rate applied is 1% higher than that used in the valuation models, the fair value ofinvestment properties would be USD 15,294 thousand lower. If the capitalisation rate is 1% less, then the fairvalue of investment properties would USD 17,785 thousand higher.

-- If the occupancy rate is 1% higher than that used in the valuation model, the fair value of investmentproperties would be USD 1,997 thousand higher. If the occupancy rates are 1% less, then the fair value ofinvestment properties would be USD 1,998 thousand lower.

5 Loans and borrowings

This note provides information about the contractual terms of loans.


                                                                                          30 June 
(in thousands of USD)                                                                                    31 December 
                                                                                          2021           2020 
                                                                                          (unaudited) 
Non-current 
Secured bank loans                                                                        24,350         27,293 
Unsecured loans from related parties                                                      21,420         21,420 
Unsecured loans from third parties                                                        24,496         24,745 
 
                                                                                          70,266             73,458 
 
Current 
Secured bank loans (current portion of secured long-term bank loans)                      22,938         19,631 
Unsecured loans from related parties (including current portion of long-term loans from   9,727          11,630 
related parties) 
Unsecured loans from third parties                                                        2,652          1,099 
 
                                                                                          35,317           32,360 
 
                                                                                          105,583          105,818 
 

Terms and debt repayment schedule

As at 30 June 2021, the terms and debt repayment schedule of bank loans are as follows (unaudited):


(in thousands of USD)              Currency Nominal and effective interest    Contractual year of        Carrying 
                                            rate                              maturity                   value 
 
Secured bank loans 
Secured bank loans                 USD      6.5%-8.0%                         2023-2026                        39,377 
Secured bank loans                 UAH      13.25%                            2025                               7,911 
 
                                                                                                               47,288 
 
Unsecured loans from related 
parties 
Unsecured loans from related       USD      10.50%                            2021-2023                        30,845 
parties 
Unsecured loans from related       USD      10.0%                             on demand 
parties                                                                                                  252 
Unsecured loans from related       UAH/USD  0-3.2%                            2019 
parties                                                                                                  50 
 
                                                                                                               31,147 
 
Unsecured loans from third parties 
Unsecured loan from third party    USD      10.50%                            2021-2023                        26,946 
Unsecured loans from third parties USD      3.0%                              2022 
                                                                                                         202 
 
                                                                                                               27,148 
 
                                                                                                             105,583 
 
 

As at 31 December 2020, the terms and debt repayment schedule of loans and borrowings are as follows:


(in thousands of USD)              Currency Nominal and effective interest    Contractual year of         Carrying 
                                            rate                              maturity                    value 
 
Secured bank loans 
Secured bank loans                 USD      7.50%-11.25%                      2023-2025                   38,656 
Secured bank loans                 UAH      13.25%                            2025                        8,268 
 
                                                                                                                 46,924 
 
Unsecured loans from related 
parties 
Unsecured loans from related       USD      10.5%                             2021-2023                   32,788 
parties 
Unsecured loans from related       USD      10.0%                             on demand                   212 
parties 
Unsecured loans from related       UAH/USD  0-3.2%                            2019                        50 
parties 
 
                                                                                                          33,050 
 
Unsecured loans from third parties 
Unsecured loan from third party    USD      10.50%                            2023                        25,645 
Unsecured loans from third parties USD      3.0%                              2022                        199 
 
                                                                                                            25,844 
 
                                                                                                          105,818 
 
 

For a description of assets pledged by the Group in connection with loans and borrowings refer to Note 13(a). a. Joint Stock Company "Taskombank"

During the 6 months period ended 30 June 2021, the Group signed an amendment to the loan agreement with Joint Stock Company "Taskombank" stipulating a decrease in the annual interest rate from 9.75% to 8.0%.

During the 6 months period ended 30 June 2021, the Group signed an amendment to the loan agreement with Joint Stock Company "Taskombank" stipulating a decrease in the annual interest rate from 11.25% to 8.0%. The loan is syndicated with PJSC "Universal Bank". b. Joint Stock Company "State Savings Bank of Ukraine"

During the 6 months period ended 30 June 2021, the Group received tranches on the existing loan facility with a bank in the amount of USD 3,192 thousand to finance the construction of the Lukianivka shopping and entertainment centre. The tranche facility expires on 25 July 2026.

Besides this, the Group signed an amendment to the loan agreement with Joint Stock Company "State Saving Bank of Ukraine" stipulating a decrease in the annual interest rate from 7.5% to 6.5%..

In accordance with the loan agreement, the lender may require early repayment of the loan facility amount. Respectively, the total loan amount of USD 17,020 thousand is presented within the current liabilities as at 30 June 2021.

During the 6 months period ended 30 June 2021 a number of covenants under loan agreements with banks were amended.

6 Trade and other payables

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