Management's discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations (the "MD&A") should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes contained in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the Company's 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K. All references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to the "Company," "we," "us" and "our" refer to Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

The MD&A is organized as follows:

• Overview - Discussion of the nature, key developments and trends of our business in order to provide context for the remainder of this MD&A.

• Results of Operations - Analysis of our financial results of operations at the consolidated and segment levels.

• Liquidity and Capital Resources - Analysis of our short- and long-term liquidity and discussion of our material cash requirements and the anticipated sources of funds needed to satisfy such requirements.

• Critical Accounting Estimates - Discussion of our material accounting estimates that involve a significant level of estimation uncertainty, which we believe are most important to understanding the assumptions and judgments incorporated in our consolidated financial statements.

This discussion contains forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties, and actual results may differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. See " Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements " contained at the end of this MD&A.

OVERVIEW

Description of Our Business and Segments

Our revenue is derived from selling advertising space on the displays we own or operate in key markets worldwide. We have two reportable business segments, which we believe reflect how the Company is currently managed: Americas, which consists of operations primarily in the U.S., and Europe, which consists of operations in Europe and Singapore. Our remaining operating segment of Latin America does not meet the quantitative threshold to qualify as a reportable segment and is disclosed as "Other" herein. Each segment provides out-of-home advertising services in its respective geographic region using various digital and traditional display types.

In December 2021, our Board of Directors authorized a review of strategic alternatives for our European business, including a possible sale. Most recently, our Board of Directors authorized us to focus the strategic review on the potential disposal of certain of our lower-margin European assets (and/or other European assets of lower priority to our European business on the whole), while retaining, for now, our higher-margin European assets, which are performing well. However, there can be no assurance that this strategic review will result in any transaction(s) or particular outcome(s). We have not set a timetable for completion of this strategic review, may suspend the process at any time and do not intend to make further announcements regarding the process unless and until our Board of Directors approves a course of action for which further disclosure is appropriate.

Macroeconomic Indicators, Seasonality and Recent Developments

Advertising for our business is highly correlated to changes in gross domestic product ("GDP") as advertising spending has historically trended in line with GDP, both domestically and internationally. Additionally, our international results are impacted by the economic conditions in the foreign markets in which we operate and by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. In early 2022, worldwide inflation began to increase. In response to heightened levels of inflation, central banks, including the U.S. Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank, have increased interest rates, resulting in an increase in our weighted average cost of debt. Additionally, the U.S. dollar has significantly strengthened against the Euro and British pound sterling, resulting in an adverse impact on reported results in our Europe segment. The U.S. dollar may continue to strengthen against these foreign currencies if the Federal Reserve further raises the federal funds rate, which may result in downstream impacts to global exchange rates and further adverse impacts to our reported results in our Europe segment. While inflation has affected our performance in 2022, resulting in higher costs for wages, salaries, materials and equipment, we believe we have partially offset these higher costs by increasing the effective advertising rates for most of our out-of-home display faces, and to date, we have not suffered material impacts from the heightened levels of inflation experienced at a global level. The market risks that our business is subject to are further described in Item 3 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.



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Table of Contents Due to seasonality, the results for the interim period are not indicative of expected results for the full year. We typically experience our weakest financial performance in the first quarter of the calendar year, which is generally offset during the remainder of the year as our business typically experiences its strongest performance in the second and fourth quarters of the calendar year.

As described in our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K, COVID-19 had a significant adverse impact on our results of operations during the first quarter of 2021, and we did not experience a return to our pre-COVID-19 historical seasonal levels of revenue until the fourth quarter of 2021. To a large extent, we have experienced similar, or have exceeded, pre-COVID-19 levels of activity during the first nine months of 2022. As our operating performance has improved, we have ceased certain of the temporary operating cost savings initiatives we implemented in response to COVID-19 and have increased our investment in our business through additional capital expenditures.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The discussion of our results of operations is presented on both a consolidated and segment basis.

•Our operating segment profit measure is Segment Adjusted EBITDA, which is calculated as revenue less direct operating expenses and selling, general and administrative expenses, excluding restructuring and other costs, which are defined as costs associated with cost-saving initiatives such as severance, consulting and termination costs and other special costs. The material components of Segment Adjusted EBITDA are discussed below on both a consolidated and segment basis.

•Corporate expenses, depreciation and amortization, impairment charges, other operating income and expense, all non-operating income and expenses, and income taxes are managed on a total company basis and are, therefore, included only in our discussion of consolidated results.

Revenue and expenses "excluding the impact of movements in foreign exchange rates" in this MD&A are presented because management believes that viewing certain financial results without the impact of fluctuations in foreign currency rates facilitates period-to-period comparisons of business performance and provides useful information to investors. Revenue and expenses "excluding the impact of movements in foreign exchange rates" are calculated by converting the current period's revenue and expenses in local currency to U.S. dollars using average foreign exchange rates for the comparable period.



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