Cash flow Laureate Education, Inc.

Equities

LAUR

US5186132032

Miscellaneous Educational Service Providers

Market Closed - Nasdaq Other stock markets 04:00:00 2026-01-14 pm EST			5-day change	1st Jan Change
34.87 ^USD	-1.22%		+0.93%	+3.56%

Jan. 08	UBS Adjusts Price Target on Laureate Education to $39 From $36, Maintains Buy Rating	MT
Nov. 03	UBS Adjusts Price Target on Laureate Education to $36 From $35, Maintains Buy Rating	MT

3ab187a3fad2b69cc03.sh_imTda8p2t-b0e006X4c3BmKIarsFw5y8h4FptK8c.xHqh7QYqysTJj_Npt3nThqKzoOZUmLcpqUVGrSoJSpX7ZYD-VBKt-Pqf7A

Published financial data: LAUREATE EDUCATION, INC.

Annual

Quarterly

Halfyear

YTD

LTM

Fiscal Period: December	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Revenues	1.02B	1.09B	1.24B	1.48B	1.57B
Total Revenues	1.02B	1.09B	1.24B	1.48B	1.57B
Cost of Goods Sold, Total	598M	610M	776M	937M	977M
Gross Profit	427M	477M	466M	548M	590M
Selling General & Admin Expenses, Total	315M	334M	196M	206M	216M
Other Operating Expenses, Total	315M	334M	196M	206M	216M
Operating Income	112M	143M	270M	342M	374M
Interest Expense, Total	-101M	-46.28M	-16.42M	-20.99M	-18.1M
Interest And Investment Income	2.17M	4.38M	7.57M	9.08M	8.06M
Net Interest Expenses	-98.72M	-41.9M	-8.85M	-11.9M	-10.04M
Income (Loss) On Equity Invest.	172K	-	258K	171K	237K
Currency Exchange Gains (Loss)	13.47M	13.79M	-17.44M	-75.7M	50.66M
Other Non Operating Income (Expenses)	-28.4M	-26.21M	770K	-325K	1.22M
EBT, Excl. Unusual Items	-1.16M	88.94M	245M	254M	416M
Restructuring Charges	-89.65M	-75.42M	-	-	-
Impairment of Goodwill	-	-	-	-	-
Gain (Loss) On Sale Of Assets	-7.28M	-602K	1.36M	3.57M	-1.3M
Asset Writedown	-352M	-72.49M	-144K	-3.07M	-
Other Unusual Items	-610K	-77.94M	-	-	-31K
EBT, Incl. Unusual Items	-451M	-138M	246M	255M	415M
Income Tax Expense	-130M	146M	185M	138M	119M
Earnings From Continuing Operations	-321M	-283M	60.72M	117M	296M
Earnings Of Discontinued Operations	-298M	487M	8.26M	-9.76M	654K
Net Income to Company	-619M	204M	68.98M	107M	296M
Minority Interest	5.37M	-11.34M	595K	323K	78K
Net Income - (IS)	-613M	192M	69.57M	108M	296M
Preferred Dividend and Other Adjustments	-149K	88K	-	-	-
Net Income to Common Incl Extra Items	-613M	192M	69.57M	108M	296M
Net Income to Common Excl. Extra Items	-315M	-295M	61.31M	117M	296M
Per Share Items
Net EPS - Basic	-2.92	1.01	0.41	0.68	1.93
Basic EPS - Continuing Operations	-1.5	-1.55	0.37	0.75	1.93
Basic Weighted Average Shares Outstanding	210M	190M	168M	157M	153M
Net EPS - Diluted	-2.93	1.01	0.41	0.68	1.92
Diluted EPS - Continuing Operations	-1.51	-1.55	0.36	0.74	1.92
Diluted Weighted Average Shares Outstanding	210M	190M	168M	158M	154M
Normalized Basic EPS	0.02	0.23	0.92	1.01	1.7
Normalized Diluted EPS	0.02	0.23	0.91	1.01	1.69
Payout Ratio	-	-	-	-	-
Supplemental Items
EBITDA	195M	244M	329M	412M	442M
EBITA	112M	166M	270M	342M	374M
EBIT	112M	143M	270M	342M	374M
EBITDAR	264M	320M	398M	488M	523M
Effective Tax Rate - (Ratio)	28.86	-105.87	75.33	54.04	28.69
Current Domestic Taxes	-6.39M	48.52M	33.37M	5.49M	6.65M
Current Foreign Taxes	72.66M	148M	153M	188M	151M
Total Current Taxes	66.27M	197M	186M	193M	158M
Deferred Domestic Taxes	-171M	-61.73M	-4.7M	-	-
Deferred Foreign Taxes	-25.61M	10.35M	3.79M	-55.86M	-38.52M
Total Deferred Taxes	-196M	-51.39M	-910K	-55.86M	-38.52M
Normalized Net Income	4.64M	44.25M	154M	159M	260M
Interest on Long-Term Debt	3.36M	4.09M	3.99M	5.67M	5.46M
Non-Cash Pension Expense	-	-	-	-	-
Supplemental Operating Expense Items
Advertising Expense	45.32M	53.63M	61.87M	75.93M	88.48M
Selling and Marketing Expenses	45.32M	53.63M	61.87M	75.93M	88.48M
General and Administrative Expenses	200M	204M	64.75M	52.61M	45.78M
Net Rental Expense, Total	68.72M	75.72M	69.14M	76.38M	80.41M
Imputed Operating Lease Interest Expense	34.39M	26.9M	14.92M	20.84M	23.06M
Imputed Operating Lease Depreciation	34.32M	48.81M	54.21M	55.54M	57.35M
Stock-Based Comp., Other (Total)	10.25M	8.9M	8.78M	7.11M	7.84M
Total Stock-Based Compensation	10.25M	8.9M	8.78M	7.11M	7.84M

Fiscal Period: December	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Assets
Cash And Equivalents	750M	325M	85.17M	89.39M	91.35M
Total Cash And Short Term Investments	750M	325M	85.17M	89.39M	91.35M
Accounts Receivable, Total	62.04M	55.76M	71.22M	88.6M	88.6M
Other Receivables	64.4M	127M	41.75M	18.73M	10.28M
Total Receivables	126M	182M	113M	107M	98.87M
Prepaid Expenses	15.08M	16.28M	19.44M	19.28M	30.02M
Deferred Tax Assets Current	-	-	-	-	-
Restricted Cash	117M	20.77M	8.62M	7.5M	6.5M
Other Current Assets, Total	435M	-	-	889K	564K
Total Current Assets	1.44B	544M	226M	224M	227M
Gross Property Plant And Equipment	1.56B	1.41B	1.49B	1.59B	1.43B
Accumulated Depreciation	-522M	-526M	-576M	-661M	-619M
Net Property Plant And Equipment	1.04B	884M	913M	934M	807M
Long-term Investments	-	-	-	-	-
Goodwill	575M	547M	583M	661M	563M
Other Intangibles, Total	227M	143M	152M	169M	148M
Loans Receivable Long-Term	1.32M	-	-	-	-
Deferred Tax Assets Long-Term	131M	38.71M	51.94M	71.43M	60.82M
Deferred Charges Long-Term	17.62M	5.98M	5.31M	4.98M	4.73M
Other Long-Term Assets, Total	1.53B	48.79M	40.68M	60.3M	51.24M
Total Assets	4.97B	2.21B	1.97B	2.13B	1.86B
Liabilities
Accounts Payable, Total	41.07M	26.87M	42.84M	43.24M	35.34M
Accrued Expenses, Total	160M	156M	136M	166M	152M
Current Portion of Long-Term Debt	90.39M	43.82M	50.01M	46.09M	34M
Current Portion of Leases	50.06M	43.41M	45.17M	64.26M	55.43M
Current Income Taxes Payable	29.68M	38.7M	38.74M	40.2M	2.37M
Unearned Revenue Current, Total	47.18M	43.96M	51.26M	69.35M	64.34M
Deferred Tax Liability Current	-	-	-	-	-
Other Current Liabilities	386M	19.15M	17.59M	23.96M	24.13M
Total Current Liabilities	805M	372M	381M	453M	368M
Long-Term Debt	853M	64.72M	134M	61.42M	17.89M
Long-Term Leases	522M	417M	419M	411M	320M
Pension & Other Post Retirement Benefits	-	-	-	-	-
Deferred Tax Liability Non Current	86.37M	73.62M	89.76M	56.49M	12.43M
Other Non Current Liabilities	440M	143M	173M	194M	185M
Total Liabilities	2.71B	1.07B	1.2B	1.18B	904M
Preferred Stock Convertible	-	-	-	-	-
Total Preferred Equity	-	-	-	-	-
Common Stock, Total	911K	915K	923K	630K	604K
Additional Paid In Capital	3.76B	2.39B	2.2B	1.18B	1.13B
Retained Earnings	-177M	15.52M	39.24M	41.86M	292M
Treasury Stock	-365M	-744M	-1.03B	-	-
Comprehensive Income and Other	-942M	-520M	-442M	-272M	-462M
Total Common Equity	2.28B	1.14B	776M	950M	960M
Minority Interest	-11.16M	429K	-471K	-931K	-1.01M
Total Equity	2.27B	1.14B	776M	949M	959M
Total Liabilities And Equity	4.97B	2.21B	1.97B	2.13B	1.86B
Supplemental Items
ECS Total Shares Outstanding on Filing Date	199M	179M	157M	158M	151M
ECS Total Common Shares Outstanding	206M	181M	157M	158M	151M
Book Value / Share	11.06	6.32	4.94	6.03	6.36
Tangible Book Value	1.47B	451M	41.09M	119M	248M
Tangible Book Value Per Share	7.16	2.5	0.26	0.76	1.65
Total Debt	1.51B	569M	648M	583M	427M
Net Debt	765M	244M	563M	493M	336M
Debt Equivalent of Unfunded Proj. Benefit Obligation	6.19M	5.1M	-	-	-
Debt Equivalent Oper. Leases	550M	606M	553M	611M	643M
Minority Interest, Total (Incl. Fin. Div)	-11.16M	429K	-471K	-931K	-1.01M
Account Code - Inventory Valuation	3	3	3	3	3
Land - (BS)	126M	121M	127M	129M	127M
Buildings, Total	351M	328M	349M	378M	348M
Machinery, Total	494M	459M	494M	556M	505M
Full Time Employees	13K	14K	35K	28.9K	31.8K
Part Time Employees	9K	10K	-	-	-
Accumulated Allowance for Doubtful Accounts (Supple)	76.69M	62.23M	61.88M	84.97M	101M

Fiscal Period: December	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Net Income	-613M	192M	69.57M	108M	296M
Depreciation & Amortization - CF	163M	122M	88.53M	103M	105M
Amortization of Goodwill and Intangible Assets - (CF)	-	23.07M	-	-	-
Depreciation & Amortization, Total	163M	145M	88.53M	103M	105M
(Gain) Loss From Sale Of Asset	-22.76M	-610M	-11.15M	9.6M	-5.1M
Asset Writedown & Restructuring Costs	352M	72.49M	144K	3.07M	-
Stock-Based Compensation (CF)	13.3M	10.17M	8.78M	7.11M	7.84M
Provision and Write-off of Bad Debts	118M	34.37M	21.97M	43.73M	55.75M
Net Cash From Discontinued Operations	499M	1.27M	-	-	-
Other Operating Activities, Total	-122M	276M	21.2M	20.61M	-93.05M
Change In Accounts Receivable	-323M	-15.99M	-27.52M	-51.74M	-57.98M
Change In Inventories	-	-	-	-	-
Change In Accounts Payable	-47.2M	-45.33M	-10.46M	-4.26M	4.75M
Change in Unearned Revenues	171M	-98.28M	-18.96M	-13.72M	-35.37M
Change In Income Taxes	99.56M	-101M	31.33M	23.3M	-30.61M
Change in Other Net Operating Assets	-28.5M	-17.43M	4.8M	2.62M	-15.19M
Cash from Operations	260M	-156M	178M	251M	233M
Capital Expenditure	-74.62M	-50.44M	-52.76M	-56.44M	-71.89M
Sale of Property, Plant, and Equipment	-	-	-	-	17.96M
Cash Acquisitions	-	-	-	-	-
Divestitures	-	-	-	-	-
Investment in Marketable and Equity Securities, Total	-	-	-	-	-
Other Investing Activities, Total	662M	2.09B	83.1M	4.52M	-3.63M
Cash from Investing	587M	2.04B	30.35M	-51.92M	-57.55M
Long-Term Debt Issued, Total	528M	46.49M	496M	154M	155M
Total Debt Issued	528M	46.49M	496M	154M	155M
Long-Term Debt Repaid, Total	-705M	-942M	-434M	-243M	-216M
Total Debt Repaid	-705M	-942M	-434M	-243M	-216M
Issuance of Common Stock	25.72M	3.41M	13.22M	2.31M	230K
Repurchase of Common Stock	-101M	-383M	-284M	-623K	-105M
Issuance of Preferred Stock	-	-	-	-	-
Common Dividends Paid	-	-	-	-	-
Preferred Dividends Paid	-	-	-	-	-
Common & Preferred Stock Dividends Paid	-	-	-	-	-
Special Dividend Paid	-	-1.37B	-253M	-112M	-1.71M
Other Financing Activities, Total	-20.78M	-32.98M	-	-1.43M	-79K
Cash from Financing	-273M	-2.68B	-462M	-202M	-167M
Foreign Exchange Rate Adjustments	-546K	-14.72M	1.2M	6.64M	-7.55M
Miscellaneous Cash Flow Adjustments	196M	288M	-	-502K	257K
Net Change in Cash	769M	-522M	-252M	3.11M	957K
Supplemental Items
Cash Interest Paid	121M	63.15M	16.75M	20.26M	16.6M
Cash Income Tax Paid (Refund)	91.37M	251M	154M	171M	195M
Levered Free Cash Flow	-23.82M	259M	283M	317M	198M
Unlevered Free Cash Flow	39.24M	288M	293M	330M	210M
Change In Net Working Capital	130M	-94.71M	-80M	-62.68M	65.35M
Net Debt Issued / Repaid	-177M	-896M	62.55M	-89.67M	-60.41M

Fiscal Period: December	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Profitability
Return on Assets	1.22	2.49	8.07	10.43	11.72
Return on Total Capital	1.69	3.26	10.78	14.46	16.02
Return On Equity %	-12.62	-16.62	6.33	13.57	31.01
Return on Common Equity	-12.37	-17.23	6.4	13.6	30.98
Margin Analysis
Gross Profit Margin %	41.67	43.91	37.54	36.9	37.65
SG&A Margin	30.71	30.73	15.79	13.87	13.78
EBITDA Margin %	19.07	22.49	26.51	27.72	28.23
EBITA Margin %	10.96	15.31	21.75	23.03	23.87
EBIT Margin %	10.96	13.18	21.75	23.03	23.87
Income From Continuing Operations Margin %	-31.28	-26.05	4.89	7.88	18.88
Net Income Margin %	-59.84	17.71	5.6	7.25	18.92
Net Avail. For Common Margin %	-30.74	-27.1	4.94	7.91	18.88
Normalized Net Income Margin	0.45	4.07	12.37	10.72	16.6
Levered Free Cash Flow Margin	-2.32	23.84	22.79	21.34	12.65
Unlevered Free Cash Flow Margin	3.83	26.5	23.62	22.23	13.38
Asset Turnover
Asset Turnover	0.18	0.3	0.59	0.72	0.79
Fixed Assets Turnover	0.93	1.13	1.38	1.61	1.8
Receivables Turnover (Average Receivables)	16.44	18.45	19.57	18.57	17.68
Short Term Liquidity
Current Ratio	1.79	1.46	0.59	0.5	0.62
Quick Ratio	1.09	1.36	0.52	0.43	0.52
Operating Cash Flow to Current Liabilities	0.32	-0.42	0.47	0.55	0.63
Days Sales Outstanding (Average Receivables)	22.27	19.78	18.65	19.65	20.7
Average Days Payable Outstanding	31.99	20.34	16.4	16.77	14.72
Long Term Solvency
Total Debt/Equity	66.86	49.85	83.53	61.39	44.59
Total Debt / Total Capital	40.07	33.27	45.51	38.04	30.84
LT Debt/Equity	60.66	42.21	71.26	49.77	35.26
Long-Term Debt / Total Capital	36.35	28.17	38.83	30.84	24.39
Total Liabilities / Total Assets	54.42	48.39	60.67	55.35	48.52
EBIT / Interest Expense	1.11	3.1	16.45	16.29	20.66
EBITDA / Interest Expense	2.62	6.92	24.27	23.25	28.87
(EBITDA - Capex) / Interest Expense	1.88	5.83	21.05	20.56	24.9
Total Debt / EBITDA	5.73	1.78	1.63	1.19	0.82
Net Debt / EBITDA	2.89	0.76	1.41	1.01	0.64
Total Debt / (EBITDA - Capex)	7.99	2.11	1.87	1.35	0.95
Net Debt / (EBITDA - Capex)	4.03	0.91	1.63	1.14	0.75
Growth Over Prior Year
Total Revenues, 1 Yr. Growth %	-15.44	6.03	14.32	19.48	5.55
Gross Profit, 1 Yr. Growth %	-9.26	11.74	-2.27	17.46	7.68
EBITDA, 1 Yr. Growth %	1.12	25.06	34.71	24.97	7.46
EBITA, 1 Yr. Growth %	0.9	48.09	62.42	26.55	9.39
EBIT, 1 Yr. Growth %	0.9	27.55	88.58	26.55	9.39
Earnings From Cont. Operations, 1 Yr. Growth %	113.05	-11.7	-121.45	92.74	152.71
Net Income, 1 Yr. Growth %	-165.35	-131.38	-63.85	54.64	175.56
Normalized Net Income, 1 Yr. Growth %	3.69K	852.82	247.23	3.59	63.43
Diluted EPS Before Extra, 1 Yr. Growth %	121.84	3.34	-123.08	105.56	159.46
Accounts Receivable, 1 Yr. Growth %	-0.99	-10.13	27.73	24.4	-0.01
Net Property, Plant and Equip., 1 Yr. Growth %	-10.42	-15.12	3.29	2.29	-13.62
Total Assets, 1 Yr. Growth %	-23.48	-55.51	-10.81	7.78	-12.4
Tangible Book Value, 1 Yr. Growth %	-10.44	-69.44	-90.89	190.61	107.89
Common Equity, 1 Yr. Growth %	-19.17	-49.89	-31.96	22.4	1
Cash From Operations, 1 Yr. Growth %	-23.61	-160.13	-214.19	40.71	-7.2
Capital Expenditures, 1 Yr. Growth %	-52.05	-32.4	4.58	6.98	27.37
Levered Free Cash Flow, 1 Yr. Growth %	-78.1	-1.19K	9.3	11.88	-37.42
Unlevered Free Cash Flow, 1 Yr. Growth %	-228.16	633.79	1.89	12.44	-36.48
Compound Annual Growth Rate Over Two Years
Total Revenues, 2 Yr. CAGR %	-5.37	-5.31	10.09	16.87	12.3
Gross Profit, 2 Yr. CAGR %	7.68	0.7	4.5	16.77	12.46
EBITDA, 2 Yr. CAGR %	21.23	12.45	29.8	56.04	15.89
EBITA, 2 Yr. CAGR %	52.31	22.24	55.09	93.93	17.66
EBIT, 2 Yr. CAGR %	52.31	13.44	55.09	124.49	17.66
Earnings From Cont. Operations, 2 Yr. CAGR %	29.45	37.15	-56.48	-35.7	120.7
Net Income, 2 Yr. CAGR %	28.74	-54.72	-66.32	-25.23	106.43
Normalized Net Income, 2 Yr. CAGR %	-56.24	1.8K	475.2	642.48	30.11
Diluted EPS Before Extra, 2 Yr. CAGR %	28.95	51.62	-51.15	-31.13	130.94
Accounts Receivable, 2 Yr. CAGR %	-46.15	-5.67	7.14	26.06	11.53
Net Property, Plant and Equip., 2 Yr. CAGR %	-9.64	-12.8	-6.36	2.79	-6
Total Assets, 2 Yr. CAGR %	-14.31	-41.66	-37.01	-1.96	-2.83
Tangible Book Value, 2 Yr. CAGR %	35.84	-47.66	-83.32	-48.56	145.8
Common Equity, 2 Yr. CAGR %	5.1	-36.36	-41.61	-8.74	11.18
Cash From Operations, 2 Yr. CAGR %	-19.13	-32.22	-17.13	26.76	14.27
Capital Expenditures, 2 Yr. CAGR %	-44.01	-43.07	-15.92	5.77	16.73
Levered Free Cash Flow, 2 Yr. CAGR %	-69.67	54.32	244.79	22.27	-16.32
Unlevered Free Cash Flow, 2 Yr. CAGR %	-47.27	206.67	173.43	17.04	-15.49
Compound Annual Growth Rate Over Three Years
Total Revenues, 3 Yr. CAGR %	-32.5	-1.71	0.82	13.14	12.97
Gross Profit, 3 Yr. CAGR %	-25.86	9.01	-0.3	8.65	13.66
EBITDA, 3 Yr. CAGR %	-28.77	22.5	19.43	28.17	37.8
EBITA, 3 Yr. CAGR %	-30.86	50.89	34.39	44.93	60.23
EBIT, 3 Yr. CAGR %	-30.86	43.56	34.39	44.93	76.65
Earnings From Cont. Operations, 3 Yr. CAGR %	169.53	13.95	-26.11	-28.53	1.47
Net Income, 3 Yr. CAGR %	88.57	-19.58	-57.99	-44.02	15.49
Normalized Net Income, 3 Yr. CAGR %	-44.38	22.19	978.45	224.82	348.3
Diluted EPS Before Extra, 3 Yr. CAGR %	-2.94	19.61	-18.92	-21.13	7.17
Accounts Receivable, 3 Yr. CAGR %	-40.59	-36.12	4.36	12.61	16.69
Net Property, Plant and Equip., 3 Yr. CAGR %	-8.97	-11.5	-7.74	-3.56	-3
Total Assets, 3 Yr. CAGR %	-12.39	-31.13	-32.79	-24.66	-5.57
Tangible Book Value, 3 Yr. CAGR %	0.39	-17.35	-70.78	-56.76	-18.06
Common Equity, 3 Yr. CAGR %	13.07	-17.89	-34.93	-25.27	-5.61
Cash From Operations, 3 Yr. CAGR %	10.54	-26.73	-19.35	-1.14	14.24
Capital Expenditures, 3 Yr. CAGR %	-35.18	-40.38	-30.28	-8.89	12.53
Levered Free Cash Flow, 3 Yr. CAGR %	-58.31	0.02	37.56	136.93	-2.2
Unlevered Free Cash Flow, 3 Yr. CAGR %	-31.01	26.83	112.4	103.33	-4.53
Compound Annual Growth Rate Over Five Years
Total Revenues, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-24.9	-19.93	-17.91	5.34	5.27
Gross Profit, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-16.62	-12.03	-14.95	8.26	4.62
EBITDA, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-21.01	-12.99	-9.45	25.35	18
EBITA, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-21.4	-10.54	-4.48	47.84	27.43
EBIT, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-20.45	-13.17	-4.48	47.84	27.43
Earnings From Cont. Operations, 5 Yr. CAGR %	0.3	-3.18	29.97	-9.36	14.47
Net Income, 5 Yr. CAGR %	14.17	-12.34	-5.32	-21.89	-20.58
Normalized Net Income, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-47.25	73.68	41.61	45.68	362.81
Diluted EPS Before Extra, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-9.17	-9.17	-26.25	-3.99	23.24
Accounts Receivable, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-26.18	-28.77	-24.79	-16.16	7.17
Net Property, Plant and Equip., 5 Yr. CAGR %	-14.59	-16.3	-7.94	-6.04	-7.05
Total Assets, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-7.75	-20.72	-23.22	-20.68	-22.11
Tangible Book Value, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-14.64	-30.09	-51.02	-31.63	-31.51
Common Equity, 5 Yr. CAGR %	47.62	12.53	-13.2	-14.35	-19.38
Cash From Operations, 5 Yr. CAGR %	8.77	-4.08	-1.49	-8.77	-7.29
Capital Expenditures, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-26.34	-26.81	-28.07	-25.01	-14.32
Levered Free Cash Flow, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-27.19	13.02	-2.94	4.12	12.76
Unlevered Free Cash Flow, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-21.59	22.68	19.68	18.51	46.91