Forward-looking statements
The information set forth in this report in Item 2, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," and Item 3, "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk," includes "Forward-Looking Statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), and is subject to the safe harbor created by those sections. Such statements may include, but are not limited to, projections of revenues and expenses, and measures of income or loss, status of product development and performance, market opportunity and future demand, partner and customer engagements, strategic plans, future operations, financing needs or plans ofMicroVision, Inc. ("we," "our," or "us"), as well as assumptions relating to the foregoing. The words "anticipate," "could," "believe," "estimate," "expect," "goal," "may," "plan," and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected in our forward-looking statements include risk factors identified below in Item 1A. OverviewMicroVision, Inc. is a pioneer in laser beam scanning, or LBS, technology, which is based on our patented expertise in micro-electromechanical systems, or MEMS, laser diodes, opto-mechanics, electronics, algorithms and software and how those elements are packaged into a small form factor. Throughout our history, we have combined our proprietary technology with our development expertise to create innovative solutions to address existing and emerging market needs, such as augmented reality microdisplay engines; interactive display modules; consumer lidar components; and, most recently, automotive lidar sensors and solutions for the automotive market. Currently, our development efforts are primarily focused on automotive lidar sensors and perception software for advanced driver-assistance systems, or ADAS. Our integrated solution will combine our MEMS-based lidar sensor, custom ASICs, and software targeted for sale to automotive OEMs and Tier-1 automotive suppliers. We believe that our MEMS-based lidar sensor demonstrates best-in-class features and performance that can exceed market expectations and outperform competitive products. In 2021 we completed our A-Sample long range lidar module, and we are continuing to advance our lidar sensor and refine its features. Our ADAS solution is intended to leverage edge computing and custom ASICs to enable our hardware and sensor fusion software to be integrated into an OEM's ADAS stack. We are continuing to refine our technology and products and we expect to test our solution and demonstrate its capabilities during the first half of 2022. Although we are forecasting small quantities of sales in 2022, we do not expect to achieve significant, sustained revenue from our ADAS solution in the near term. 16
In the recent past, we developed micro-display concepts and designs for use in head-mounted AR headsets and developed a 1440i MEMS module that can support AR headsets. We also developed a display solution targeted at the smart speakers market, which we call an Interactive Display module. The display was designed to project onto a countertop, tabletop or a wall from inside a smart speaker. The user could then touch the projected image on any surface on which the display is visible and it will behave like a touchscreen, as on a tablet or smartphone. In addition, we developed a small lidar sensor, which we call Consumer Lidar, for use indoors with smart home systems. It was designed to allow for a smart home system to understand what is happening in the home and then enable the smart home to respond in an appropriate way. Although our development and productization efforts are now solely focused on our ADAS solution, our revenue in the two fiscal years endedDecember 31, 2021 was derived from one customer, Microsoft Corporation, related to components that we developed for a high-definition display system. Our arrangement with this customer generates royalty income; however, the volume of sales and resulting royalties from that arrangement are not significant. We have been unable to secure the customers needed to successfully launch our products. We have incurred substantial losses since inception, and we expect to incur a significant loss during the fiscal year endingDecember 31, 2022 .
Continuing Impact of COVID-19 on Our Business
Our business operations continue to be impacted by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Government restrictions in the early days of the pandemic caused us to mostly close our offices in early 2020. To support our hardware development efforts, we reopened our offices inJuly 2021 while maintaining compliance with government mandates and health agency protocols, including masking requirements and encouraging vaccination. Some of our office employees continue to work remotely or on hybrid schedules. We may experience reductions in productivity and disruptions to our business routines while our hybrid work policy remains in place, or if our employees become ill and are unable to work, which could have an adverse effect on the timing of our development and productization activities. We will continue to prioritize the health and safety of our employees as we adapt our workplace policies based on evolving government regulation, health agency advice, and industry best practice. In addition, several of our suppliers have experienced closures or have been operating at reduced capacity, resulting in lower component availability. Continued disruptions to our supply chain could have a material impact on our development and future operations. Moreover, various global travel restrictions and office closures have hampered our business development efforts, making it more difficult to engage with potential customers and partners, which could have a material negative impact on our business prospects.
Key accounting policies and estimates
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted inthe United States . The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that materially affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent liabilities. We evaluate our estimates on a continuous basis. We base our estimates on historical data, terms of existing contracts, our evaluation of trends in the consumer display and 3D sensing industries, information provided by our current and prospective customers and strategic partners, information available from other outside sources and on various other assumptions we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. The results form the basis for making judgments regarding the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting judgments, policies, and estimates as described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 .
Results of operations
License and royalty revenue
(in thousands) 2022 2021 $ change % change
Three Months Ended
(26.9) 17 License and royalty revenue is revenue under license agreements to our PicoP® scanning technology. We recognize revenue on upfront license fees at a point in time if the nature of the license granted is a right-to-use license, representing functional intellectual property with significant standalone functionality. If the nature of the license granted is a right-to-access license, representing symbolic intellectual property, which excludes significant standalone functionality, we recognize revenue over the period of time we have ongoing obligations under the agreement. We will recognize revenue from sales-based royalties on the basis of the quarterly reports provided by our customer as to the number of royalty-bearing products sold or otherwise distributed. In the event that reports are not received, we will estimate the number of royalty-bearing products sold by our customers.
The decrease in license and royalty revenue for the three months ended
Cost of product revenue % of % of product product (in thousands) 2022 revenue 2021 revenue $ change % change
Three Months Ended March 31, $ 4 - $ (5) - $ 9 (180.0)
Cost of product revenue includes the direct and allocated indirect costs of products sold to customers. Direct costs include labor, materials, reserves for estimated warranty expenses, and other costs incurred directly, or charged to us by our contract manufacturers, in the manufacture of these products. Indirect costs include labor, manufacturing overhead, and other costs associated with operating our manufacturing capabilities and capacity. Manufacturing overhead includes the costs of procuring, inspecting and storing material, facility and other costs, and is allocated to cost of product revenue based on the proportion of indirect labor which supported production activities. Cost of product revenue can fluctuate significantly from period to period, depending on the product mix and volume, the level of manufacturing overhead expense and the volume of direct material purchased. The credit of$5,000 for the three months endingMarch 31, 2021 is related to the reversal of accrued warranty liabilities since warranty claims were less than expected.
Research and development expense
(in thousands) 2022 2021 $ change % change Three Months Ended March 31,$ 7,593 $ 4,462 $ 3,131 70.2
Research and development expense consists of compensation related costs of employees and contractors engaged in internal research and product development activities, direct material to support development programs, laboratory operations, outsourced development and processing work, and other operating expenses. We assign our research and development resources based on the business opportunity of the available projects, the skill mix of the resources available and the contractual commitments we have made to our customers. We believe that a substantial level of continuing research and development expense will be required to further develop our scanning technology. The increase in research and development expense during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021 was primarily due to increased salary and benefits expenses as a result of increased headcount of approximately$1.5 million , higher non-cash compensation expense of$648,000 , and higher non-labor direct expenses related to the development of our lidar sensor of$611,000 .
Sales, marketing, general and administrative expense
(in thousands) 2022 2021 $
change % change
Three Months Ended
161.5 18
Sales, marketing, general and administrative expense includes compensation and support costs for marketing, sales, management and administrative staff, and for other general and administrative costs, including legal and accounting services, consultants and other operating expenses. The increase in sales, marketing, general and administrative expense during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021 was primarily attributed to higher non-cash compensation expense of$1.4 million , increased professional services and consulting costs of$804,000 , increased business insurance expense of$565,000 , and increased salary and benefits expenses as a result of increased headcount of approximately$493,000 .
Liquidity and capital resources
We have incurred significant losses since inception. We have funded operations to date primarily through the sale of common stock, convertible preferred stock, warrants, the issuance of convertible debt and, to a lesser extent, from development contract revenues, product sales, and licensing activities. AtMarch 31, 2022 , we had$55.6 million in cash and cash equivalents and$47.7 million in short-term investment securities.
Based on our current operating plan, we anticipate that we have sufficient cash and cash equivalents to fund our operations for at least the next 12 months.
Operating activities Cash used in operating activities totaled$10.9 million during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 compared to cash used in operating activities of$4.5 million during the same period in 2021. Cash used in operating activities resulted primarily from cash used to fund our net loss, after adjusting for non-cash charges such as share-based compensation, depreciation and amortization charges and changes in operating assets and liabilities. The changes in cash used in operating activities were primarily attributed to increased operating expenses to support the development of our lidar sensor.
Investing activities
During the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , net cash used in investing activities was$16.1 million compared to$565,000 during the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 . During the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , we purchased short-term investment securities totaling$16.7 million and sold short-term investment securities totaling$1.5 million . Purchases of property and equipment during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 and 2021 were$884,000 and$565,000 , respectively.
Financing activities
Net cash used in financing activities totaled$49,000 during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , compared to net cash provided by financing activities of$63.6 million during the same period of 2021. During the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , we made principal payments under long-term debt totaling$294,000 related to the loan under the Paycheck Protection Program of the 2020 CARES Act (PPP) administered by theSmall Business Administration . Proceeds received from stock option exercises totaled$253,000 during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 compared to$2.1 million during the same period of 2021. Principal payments under finance leases were$8,000 during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 and 2021. InJune 2021 , we entered into a$140.0 million ATM equity offering agreement with Craig-Hallum. Under the agreement we are able, at our discretion, to offer and sell shares of our common stock having an aggregate value of up to$140.0 million through Craig-Hallum. As ofMarch 31, 2022 , we had issued 4.0 million shares of our common stock for net proceeds of$67.8 million under this ATM agreement. There were no transactions under this agreement in the first quarter of 2022. InFebruary 2021 , we entered into a$50.0 million ATM equity offering agreement with Craig-Hallum. Under the agreement we were able, at our discretion, to offer and sell shares of our common stock having an aggregate value of up to$50.0 million through Craig-Hallum. We have issued 2.5 million shares of our common stock for net proceeds of$48.8 million under this ATM agreement. No further shares are available for sales under this agreement. 19 InDecember 2020 , we entered into a$13.0 million ATM equity offering agreement with Craig-Hallum. Under the agreement we were able to, from time to time, at our discretion offer and sell shares of our common stock having an aggregate value of up to$13.0 million through Craig-Hallum. As ofDecember 31, 2020 , we had issued 1.0 million shares for net proceeds of$6.1 million that was received inJanuary 2021 . The$6.1 million was classified as subscriptions receivable on ourDecember 31, 2020 balance sheet and is not included in the cash balance as ofDecember 31, 2020 . InJanuary 2021 , we issued 1.1 million shares of our common stock for net proceeds of$6.6 million under the agreement. In total, we have issued 2.1 million shares of our common stock for net proceeds of$12.7 million under this ATM agreement. No further shares are available for sales under this agreement.
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