This Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of Misonix and its subsidiaries, which we refer to as the "Company", "Misonix", "we", "our" and "us", should be read in conjunction with the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I - Item 1 "Financial Statements" of this Report and Item 7. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on September 3, 2020, for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2020 ("2020 Form 10-K"). Item 7 of the 2020 Form 10-K describes the application of our critical accounting policies, for which there have been no significant changes during the nine months ended March 31, 2021.





Forward Looking Statements


With the exception of historical information contained in this Form 10-Q, content herein may contain "forward looking statements" that are made pursuant to the Safe Harbor Provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are based on management's current expectations and are subject to uncertainty and changes in circumstances. Investors are cautioned that forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the statements made. These factors include general economic conditions, the impact of COVID-19, or other pandemics, including the potential effects of new strains of the virus and any increased rates in infection, vaccine roll-out globally and the efficacy of such vaccines, and the impact of related governmental, individual and business responses. This includes our ability to obtain or forecast accurate surgical procedure volume in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic; the risk that the COVID-19 pandemic could lead to further material delays and cancellations of, or reduced demand for, surgical or wound care procedures; curtailed or delayed capital spending by hospitals and surgical centers; potential closures of our facilities; delays in gathering clinical evidence; diversion of management and other resources to respond to the COVID-19 outbreak; the impact of global and regional economic and credit market conditions on healthcare spending; the risk that the COVID-19 virus disrupts local economies and causes economies in our key markets to enter prolonged recessions; the ability of our staff to travel to work, our ability to maintain adequate inventories and delivery capabilities, the impact on our customers and supply chain, and the impact on demand in general. These forward-looking statements are also subject to uncertainties and change resulting from delays and risks associated with the performance of contracts; risks associated with international sales and currency fluctuations; uncertainties as a result of research and development; acceptable results from clinical studies, including publication of results and patient/procedure data with varying levels of statistical relevancy; risks involved in introducing and marketing new products, potential acquisitions, consumer and industry acceptance, litigation and/or court proceedings, including the timing and monetary requirements of such activities, the timing of finding strategic partners and implementing such relationships; regulatory risks including clearance of pending and/or contemplated 510(k) filings; our ability to achieve and maintain profitability in the our business lines, access to capital, and other factors discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2020, subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K. We disclaim any obligation to update any forward-looking statements.





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Acquisition of Solsys Medical, LLC

On September 27, 2019, we completed our acquisition of Solsys Medical, LLC ("Solsys"), a medical technology company focused on the regeneration and healing of soft tissue associated with chronic wounds and surgical procedures. Solsys' primary product is TheraSkin, a living cell wound therapy indicated to treat all external wounds from head-to-toe. The purchase price was approximately $108.6 million, representing 5,703,082 shares of Misonix common stock, valued at $19.05 per share. In addition, we incurred business transaction costs in connection with the acquisition of $4.5 million. Of these transaction costs, $3.1 million were charged to general and administrative expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations and $1.4 million of the transaction costs were capitalized to additional paid in capital, in connection with the registration of the underlying stock issued in the transaction. The results of operations of Solsys are included in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations beginning on September 27, 2019.





Overview


We design, manufacture, market, sell and distribute minimally invasive surgical ultrasonic medical devices. These products are used for precise bone sculpting, removal of soft and hard tumors, and tissue debridement, primarily in the areas of neurosurgery, orthopedic surgery, plastic surgery, wound care and maxillo-facial surgery. We also exclusively market, sell and distribute skin allografts and wound care products used to support healing of wounds, and which complement our ultrasonic medical devices.

We strive to have our proprietary procedural solutions become the standard of care and enhance patient outcomes throughout the world. We intend to accomplish this, in part, by utilizing our best-in-class surgical ultrasonic technology to improve patient outcomes in spinal surgery, neurosurgery and wound care. Our neXus generator combines the capabilities of our three legacy ultrasonic products into a single system that can be used to perform soft and hard tissue resections. We also continue to market and sell these legacy ultrasonic products, which are:





  ? BoneScalpel Surgical System, or BoneScalpel, which is used for surgical
    procedures involving the precise cutting and sculpting of bone while sparing
    soft tissue. BoneScalpel is now recognized by many surgeons globally as a
    critical surgical tool enabling improved patient outcomes in the spine surgery
    arena.
  ? SonaStar Surgical Aspirator, or SonaStar, which is used to emulsify and remove
    soft and hard tumors, primarily in the neuro and general surgery fields.
  ? SonicOne Wound Debridement System, or SonicOne, which offers tissue specific
    debridement and cleansing of wounds and burns for effective removal of
    devitalized tissue and fibrin deposits while sparing viable cells.



These devices primarily serve the following clinical specialties: neurosurgery, orthopedic surgery, general surgery, plastic surgery, wound care and maxillo-facial surgery.

Each of our medical device systems consist of a proprietary console and handpiece that function to convert electrical current into ultrasonic energy, ultimately delivered via a disposable titanium tip, to produce a therapeutic effect.





neXus®



neXus is a next generation integrated ultrasonic surgical platform that combines all the features of our existing solutions, including BoneScalpel, SonicOne and SonaStar, into a single fully integrated platform that will also serve to power future solutions. The neXus platform is driven by a new proprietary digital algorithm that results in more power, efficiency, and control. The device incorporates Smart Technology that allows for easier setup and use.

neXus' increased power improves tissue resection rates for both soft and hard tissue removal making it a unique surgical platform for a variety of different surgical specialties. In addition, neXus' ease of use enables physicians to fully leverage neXus' impressive set of capabilities via its digital touchscreen display and smart system setup. Our current ultrasonic applications, which are BoneScalpel, SonaStar and SonicOne, all work on the neXus generator. This allows a hospital to access all of our product offerings on this all in one console. We principally sell neXus in the United States.





BoneScalpel®


The BoneScalpel is a state of the art, ultrasonic bone cutting and sculpting system capable of enabling precise cuts with minimal necrosis, minimal burn artifact, minimal inflammation and minimal bone loss. The device is also capable of preserving surrounding soft tissue structures because of its ability to differentiate soft tissue from rigid bone. This device can make precise linear or curved cuts, on any plane, with precision not normally associated with powered instrumentation. We believe that BoneScalpel offers the speed and convenience of a powered instrument without the dangers associated with conventional rotary devices. The effect on surrounding soft tissue is minimal due to the elastic and flexible structure of healthy tissue. This is a significant advantage in anatomical regions like the spine where patient safety is of primary concern. In addition, the linear motion of the blunt, tissue-impacting tips avoids accidental 'trapping' of soft tissue while largely eliminating the high-speed spinning and tearing associated with rotary power instruments. The BoneScalpel allows surgeons to improve on existing surgical techniques by creating new approaches to bone cutting and sculpting and removal, leading to substantial time-savings and increased operation efficiencies.





SonaStar®


The SonaStar System provides powerful and precise aspiration following the ultrasonic ablation of soft tissue. The SonaStar has been used for a wide variety of surgical procedures applying both open and minimally invasive approaches, including neurosurgery and general surgery. The SonaStar may also be used with OsteoSculpt® probe tips, which enable the precise shaping or shaving of bony structures that prevent open access to partially or completely hidden soft tissue masses.





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SonicOne®


The SonicOne Ultrasonic Cleansing and Debridement System is a highly innovative, tissue specific approach for the effective removal of devitalized or necrotic tissue and fibrin deposits while sparing viable, surrounding cellular structures. The tissue specific capability is, in part, due to the fact that healthy and viable tissue structures have a higher elasticity and flexibility than necrotic tissue and are more resistant to destruction from the impact effects of ultrasound. The ultrasonic debridement process separates devitalized tissue from viable tissue layers, allowing for a more defined treatment and, usually, a reduced pain sensation. We believe that SonicOne establishes a new standard in wound bed preparation, the essential first step in the healing process, while contributing to a faster patient healing.





TheraSkin®


TheraSkin is a biologically active human skin allograft that has all of the relevant characteristics of human skin needed to heal wounds, including living cells, growth factors, and a collagen matrix. TheraSkin is derived from human skin tissue from consenting and highly screened donors and is regulated by the FDA as a Human Cells, Tissues, and Cellular and Tissue-Based Product. LifeNet processes and supplies TheraSkin to us under a supply and distribution agreement that gives us exclusive rights to sell TheraSkin in the United States. TheraSkin is indicated for use on all external skin tissue wounds, including but not limited to difficult to heal diabetic foot ulcers, venous leg ulcers, dehisced surgical wounds, necrotizing fasciitis, burns, Mohs and wounds with exposed structures.





Therion®



Therion is indicated for use as a cover and barrier for homologous use for wound care and surgical procedures. Therion is a dehydrated and terminally sterilized chorioamniotic allograft derived from human placental membrane and is regulated by the FDA as a Human Cells, Tissues, and Cellular and Tissue-Based Product. CryoLife processes and supplies Therion to us under a supply and distribution agreement that gives us exclusive rights to distribute the product in the United States. CryoLife processes Therion using a proprietary process that removes the maternal-derived decidua cells from the placental membrane, leaving the amnion and chorion layers in their native configuration.





TheraGenesis®


TheraGenesis is a Bilayer Wound Matrix and Meshed Bilayer Wound Matrix consisting of a porcine collagen sponge layer and a silicone film layer that provides a scaffold for cellular invasion and capillary growth for management of wounds including partial and full-thickness wounds, chronic wounds, surgical wounds, trauma wounds and draining wounds. We obtain TheraGenesis under an exclusive supply and distribution agreement with Gunze Limited that gives us exclusive rights to distribute the product in the United States.

Sales and Distribution; Reportable Segments

In the United States, we sell our products through our direct sales force, in addition to a network of commissioned agents assisted by Misonix personnel. Outside of the United States, we sell BoneScalpel and SonaStar through distributors who then resell the products to hospitals. We sell to all major markets in the Americas, Europe, Middle East, Asia Pacific, and Africa.

We manufacture and sell our products in two global reportable business segments: the Surgical segment and the Wound segment. Our sales force also operates as two segments, Surgical and Wound Care.





Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic


In March of 2020, the World Health Organization designated the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as a global pandemic. In March of 2020, the impact of COVID-19 and related actions to attempt to control its spread began to impact our consolidated operating results. Principally beginning in March 2020, year-over-year consolidated revenue trends began to weaken rapidly and materially. This trend continued through the end of our fiscal year ended June 30, 2020. While we have seen consolidated revenue trends improve, we cannot be certain that these improving trends will continue. Overall, we expect consolidated revenue to be impacted negatively and materially in fiscal 2021 and for negative impacts to continue until COVID-19 and related economic and medical conditions improve.

We continue to execute on our business continuity plans and our crisis management response to address the challenges related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Since March, our headquarters have remained open, however, many of our employees have been working from home, with only certain essential employees not working remotely. For employees who are not working remotely, we have instituted social distancing protocols, increased the level of cleaning and sanitizing at those sites and undertaken other actions to make these sites safer. We have also significantly reduced employee travel to only essential business needs. We are generally following the requirements and protocols published by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and the World Health Organization, and state and local governments and we continue to monitor the latest public health and government guidance related to COVID-19, including vaccine availability to our employees. We have begun to lift the actions put in place as part of our business continuity plans, including work from home requirements and travel restrictions. As of the date of this filing, we do not believe our work from home protocol has adversely affected our internal controls, financial reporting systems or our operations.

Our sales teams are focused on how to meet changing needs of our customers in this environment.

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, we experienced a disruption to our global supply chain of our products and a decrease in sales due to a decrease in elective surgical procedures, as described in more detail below. While this disruption began to alleviate during the quarter ended December 31, 2020 and continues to gradually improve, we could experience further variable impacts on our business if a resurgence of the virus emerges, elective procedures continue to be deferred or disruptions in the global supply chain worsen. The ultimate effect of these disruptions, including the extent of their adverse effect on our financial and operational results, will be impacted by the length of time that such disruptions continue, which will, in turn, depend on the currently unknown duration of the COVID-19 pandemic, the efficacy of any vaccines and related distributions, the number of cases presenting in the jurisdictions in which we operate, and the effect of governmental regulations and other restrictions that might be imposed in response to the pandemic.





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Due to these effects and measures, we have experienced and may continue to experience significant and unpredictable reductions in the demand for our products as healthcare customers diverted medical resources and priorities towards the treatment of that disease. In addition, our customers may delay, cancel, or redirect planned capital expenditures in order to focus resources on COVID-19 or in response to economic disruption related to COVID-19. For example, as mentioned above, we have experienced and may continue to experience a significant decline in procedure volume in the U.S., as healthcare systems diverted resources to meet the increasing demands of managing COVID-19. While many countries are past their initial peak with COVID-19, many regions are now experiencing new increases in the rate of infection by COVID-19. To the extent individuals and hospital systems further de-prioritize, delay or cancel elective medical procedures, our business, cash flows, financial condition and results of operations will further be negatively affected.

Capital markets and worldwide economies have also been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, and it is possible that it could cause a local and/or global economic recession. Such economic recession could have a material adverse effect on our long-term business as hospitals and surgical centers curtail and reduce capital and overall spending. The COVID-19 pandemic and local actions, such as "shelter-in-place" orders and restrictions on our salesforce's ability to travel and access our customers or temporary closures of our facilities or the facilities of our suppliers and their contract manufacturers, could further significantly reduce our sales and our ability to ship our products and supply our customers. We are continuing to monitor closely indications that several jurisdictions are experiencing new increases in the rate of infection by COVID-19, which could result in further mitigation efforts, the impact of these new increases on all aspects of our business and geographies, including its impact on our customers, employees, suppliers, business partners, and distribution channels. Any of these events could negatively impact the number of surgical procedures performed using our products and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. There are certain limitations on our ability to mitigate the adverse financial impact of these items, including the fixed costs of our businesses. COVID-19 also makes it more challenging for us to estimate the future performance of our businesses, particularly over the near to medium term. As a response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, we have implemented plans to manage our costs. To the extent the business disruption continues for an extended period, additional cost reductions will be considered.

The extent to which the COVID-19 global pandemic impacts our business, results of operations, and financial condition will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and are difficult to predict; these developments include, but are not limited to, the duration and spread of the outbreak, its severity, the actions taken to contain the virus or address its impact including vaccine distribution and efficacy, U.S. and foreign government actions to respond to the reduction in global economic activity, and how quickly and to what extent normal economic and operating conditions can resume. Even after the COVID-19 outbreak has subsided, we may continue to experience materially adverse impacts on our financial condition and results of operations. The duration and severity of the resulting economic downturn and the broader impact that COVID-19 could have on our business, financial condition and operating results remains highly uncertain.

For more information, see "Item 1A. Risk Factors" in our 2020 Form 10-K - "Our business and operations could be adversely affected by health epidemics, such as the recent COVID-19 pandemic, impacting the markets and communities in which we and our customers operate" and "The COVID-19 global pandemic has disrupted our operations and if we are unable to re-commence normal operations in the near-term, we may be out of compliance with certain covenants in our debt facilities."

Impact of Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act

The Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the "CARES Act") was enacted in March 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act and related rules and guidelines include several significant provisions, including delaying certain payroll tax payments, mandatory transition tax payments, and estimated income tax payments that we are deferring to future periods. While the CARES Act contains these and various other corporate tax provisions; these benefits do not impact our current tax provision.

On April 5, 2020, we applied for an unsecured $5.2 million loan under the Paycheck Protection Program, or the PPP Loan. The Paycheck Protection Program, or PPP, was established under CARES Act and is administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration. On April 10, 2020, the PPP loan was approved and funded. We entered into a promissory note with JP Morgan Chase evidencing the unsecured $5.2 million loan. In accordance with the requirements of the CARES Act, we used the proceeds from the PPP Loan primarily for payroll costs. In October 2020, the SBA released guidance that allows borrowers an additional ten months of deferral of the start of principal and interest payments. Therefore, interest and principal payments are now deferred for the first sixteen months of the loan. Thereafter, monthly interest and principal payments are due until the loan is fully satisfied at the end of 24 months. The promissory note has a maturity date of April 4, 2022 and accrues interest at an annual rate of 0.98%. The promissory note evidencing the PPP Loan contains customary events of default relating to, among other things, payment defaults and provisions of the promissory note. The PPP permits borrowers to apply for forgiveness for some or all of the loans based on meeting certain criteria. The SBA continues to issue guidance surrounding the criteria for loan forgiveness, and although the Company intends to use the proceeds from the PPP Loans for qualified expenses and to apply for forgiveness, there can be no assurance whether such application for forgiveness will be approved by the SBA.

Other than as outlined above, we do not currently expect the CARES Act to have a material impact on our financial results, including on our annual estimated effective tax rate or on our liquidity. We will continue to monitor and assess the impact the CARES Act may have on our business and financial results.





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Results of Operations


The following discussion and analysis provides information that our management believes is relevant to an assessment and understanding of our results of operations and financial condition. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere herein.

Three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020

Our revenues by category for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:





                   For the three months ended
                            March 31,                      Net change
                      2021              2020              $            %
Total
Surgical         $   10,351,130     $  9,102,711     $ 1,248,419       13.7 %
Wound                 7,996,050        8,799,801        (803,751 )     -9.1 %
Total            $   18,347,180     $ 17,902,512     $   444,668        2.5 %

Domestic:
Surgical         $    6,940,825     $  6,052,548     $   888,277       14.7 %
Wound                 7,872,060        8,725,868        (853,808 )     -9.8 %
Total            $   14,812,885     $ 14,778,416     $    34,469        0.2 %

International:
Surgical         $    3,410,305     $  3,050,163     $   360,142       11.8 %
Wound                   123,990           73,933          50,057       67.7 %
Total            $    3,534,295     $  3,124,096     $   410,199       13.1 %




Revenues


Total revenue increased 2.5%, or $0.4 million, to $18.3 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2021, from $17.9 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2020.

The revenue increase is principally attributable to a $1.2 million increase in surgical product sales, while wound sales declined by $0.8 million. Our Wound sales have been more significantly impacted by the effects of COVID-19 than Surgical sales in the United States. Domestic surgical revenue increased by 14.7%, or $0.9 million. International revenue strengthened with an increase of 13.1% or $0.4 million.





Gross profit


Gross profit in the third quarter of fiscal 2021 was 70.6% of revenue, consistent with the 70.3% gross profit margin recorded in the third quarter of fiscal 2020.





Selling expenses



Selling expenses decreased by $0.7 million, or 6.2%, to $10.9 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2021 from $11.6 million in the prior year period. The decrease in selling expenses is primarily attributable to lower costs for travel, meals, meetings and trade shows due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

General and administrative expenses

General and administrative expenses decreased by $0.8 million, or 18.6%, to $3.6 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2021 from $4.5 million in the prior year period. The decrease is primarily due to cost reductions implemented in fiscal 2021, along with a $0.4 million reduction of a VAT tax liability.

Research and development expenses

Research and development expenses decreased by $0.5 million, or 28.5%, to $1.3 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2021 from $1.8 million in the prior year period due to higher clinical research costs in the prior year.





Income taxes


There was no income tax expense or benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2021. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $0.5 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the effective rate of 0% and 7.5% varied from the U.S. federal statutory rate primarily due to the recording of a full valuation allowance on the deferred tax assets and the business combination related to the Solsys acquisition.





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Nine months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020

Our revenues by category for the nine months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:





                   For the nine months ended
                           March 31,                       Net change
                     2021              2020              $              %
Total
Surgical         $  29,569,718     $ 28,702,566     $    867,152         3.0 %
Wound               24,769,214       20,067,853        4,701,361        23.4 %
Total            $  54,338,932     $ 48,770,419     $  5,568,513        11.4 %

Domestic:
Surgical         $  19,927,462     $ 16,819,950     $  3,107,512        18.5 %
Wound               24,454,340       19,762,087        4,692,253        23.7 %
Total            $  44,381,802     $ 36,582,037     $  7,799,765        21.3 %

International:


Surgical         $   9,642,256     $ 11,882,616     $ (2,240,360 )     -18.9 %
Wound                  314,874          305,766            9,108         3.0 %
Total            $   9,957,130     $ 12,188,382     $ (2,231,252 )     -18.3 %




Revenues


Total revenue increased 11.4%, or $5.6 million, to $54.3 million in the first three quarters of fiscal 2021, from $48.8 million in the corresponding period of fiscal 2021.

The revenue increase is principally attributable to the increase of $4.7 million of domestic Wound product sales, $3.3 million of which is attributable to TheraSkin, resulting from the Solsys Acquisition on September 27, 2019. International revenue decreased 18.3%, or $2.2 million, due in part to the weakness resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, which impacted international markets, including China.





Gross profit


Gross profit in the first three quarters of fiscal 2021 was 71.0% of revenue, slightly higher than the 70.3% gross profit margin recorded in the first three quarters of fiscal 2020, due to shifts in product mix and the mix of domestic and international revenues.





Selling expenses


Selling expenses increased by $1.7 million, or 5.8%, to $30.3 million in the first three quarters of fiscal 2021 from $28.6 million in the prior year period. The increase is primarily due to the acquisition of Solsys on September 27, 2019.

General and administrative expenses

General and administrative expenses decreased by $1.8 million, or 13.2%, to $12.0 million in the first three quarters of fiscal 2021 from $13.8 million in the comparable prior year period. The decrease is primarily due to the decrease in professional and transaction fees relating to the acquisition of Solsys on September 27, 2019, along with cost reductions implemented in fiscal 2021, and a $0.4 million VAT tax liability reduction.

Research and development expenses

Research and development expenses decreased by $0.2 million or 4.5% to $3.5 million in the first three quarters of fiscal 2021 from $3.7 million in the comparable prior year period.





Income taxes


For the nine months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $0 and $4.5 million, respectively. For the nine months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the effective rate of 0% and 34% varied from the U.S. federal statutory rate primarily due to the recording of a full valuation allowance on the deferred tax assets, and the business combination related to the Solsys Acquisition.

The acquisition of Solsys resulted in the recognition of deferred tax liabilities of approximately $4.5 million in related primarily to intangible assets. Prior to the business combination, the Company had a full valuation allowance on its deferred tax assets. The deferred tax liabilities generated from the business combination is netted against the Company's pre-existing deferred tax assets. Consequently, this resulted in a release of $4.5 million of the pre-existing valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets and corresponding deferred tax benefit.





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Liquidity and Capital Resources





General


Our liquidity position and capital requirements may be impacted by a number of factors, including the following:





  ? our ability to generate revenue, including a potential decline in revenue
    resulting from COVID-19;
  ? fluctuations in gross margins, operating expenses and net loss; and
  ? fluctuations in working capital.



Our primary short-term capital needs, which are subject to change, include expenditures related to:





  ? expansion of our sales, marketing and distribution activities;
  ? expansion of our research and development activities; and
  ? maintaining sufficient inventory to supply our sales volume.



Nine Month Period Ending March 31, 2021

Working capital at March 31, 2021 was $39.3 million. For the nine months ended March 31, 2021, cash used in operations was $6.9 million, principally due to an increase in inventory of $3.9 million, an increase in accounts receivable of $1.2 million, our loss from operations for the period plus non-cash items of $3.4 million, offset partially by an increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $1.4 million.

Cash used by investing activities during the nine-month period ended March 31, 2021 was $0.1 million, and consisted of purchases of property, plant and equipment, as well as acquisition of additional patents.

Cash used by financing activities during the nine-months period ended March 31, 2021 was $0.1 million, principally due to net repayments on borrowings on our term loan and revolving credit facility, partially offset by proceeds from the exercise of stock option.

We have $4.6 million of debt principal payments due during the 12-month period ending March 31, 2022. We estimate that we will make approximately $3.1 million in debt interest payments from April 1, 2021 through March 31, 2022.

As of March 31, 2021, we had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $30.9 million. The COVID-19 global pandemic has negatively impacted the global economy, disrupted consumer spending and created significant volatility and disruption of financial markets. As a result, we experienced a significant decline in revenue since March 2020 and the pandemic has made it more challenging for our management to estimate future performance of our businesses and liquidity needs, particularly over the near to medium term. However, management currently believes that we have sufficient cash to finance operations for at least the next 12 months following the issuance date of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included herein.

We have also been actively monitoring the global outbreak and spread of COVID-19 and taking steps to mitigate the potential risks to us posed by its spread and related circumstances and impacts. We are focused on navigating these recent challenges presented by the COVID-19 global pandemic through preserving our liquidity and managing our cash flow through taking preemptive action to enhance our ability to meet our short-term liquidity needs. We cannot assure you that our assumptions used to estimate our liquidity requirements will be correct because we have never previously experienced this type of disruption to our operations, and as a consequence, our ability to be predictive is uncertain.

Nine Month Period Ending March 31, 2020

As of March 31, 2020, we had a cash and cash equivalents of approximately $39.7 million.

Working capital at March 31, 2020 was $55.2 million. For the nine months ended March 31, 2020, cash used in operations was $21.3 million, mainly due to an increase in inventory of $9.0 million, and an increase in accounts receivable of $3.3 million and from the Company's loss from operations for the period plus non-cash items, of $8.2 million.

Cash provided by investing activities at March 31, 2020 was $5.1 million, principally from the $5.5 million of cash acquired in the Solsys Acquisition.

Cash provided by financing activities at March 31, 2020 was $48.1 million, principally from the $34.6 million received from our equity offering and from $16.2 million of net additional borrowings on the Company's term loan and revolving credit facility.





Financing Transactions


See Note 12 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included herein for a summary of our financing transactions.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have no off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are material to us.





24







Other


In the opinion of management, inflation has not had a material effect on our operations.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included herein.





Critical Accounting Policies


The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make judgments and estimations that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. We consider our accounting policies relating to goodwill, intangible assets and income taxes to be critical policies that require judgments or estimations in their application where variances in those judgments or estimations could make a significant difference to future reported results. These critical accounting policies and estimates are more fully discussed in our 2020 Form 10-K.

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