The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on, and should be read in conjunction with, our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included under Part II, Item 8.-Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including those set forth under Part I, Item 1A.-Risk Factors and elsewhere in this annual report. See "Forward-Looking Statements." Management Overview We own and operate one of the world's largest land-based drilling rig fleets and provide offshore rigs inthe United States and numerous international markets. Our business is comprised of our global land-based and offshore drilling rig operations and other rig related services and technologies. These services include tubular services, wellbore placement solutions, directional drilling, measurement-while-drilling, logging-while-drilling systems and services, equipment manufacturing, rig instrumentation and optimization software. Outlook The demand for our services is a function of the level of spending by oil and gas companies for exploration, development and production activities. The primary driver of customer spending is their cash flow and earnings which are largely driven by oil and natural gas prices and customers' production volumes. The oil and natural gas markets have traditionally been volatile and tend to be highly sensitive to supply and demand cycles. During 2020, the oil markets experienced unprecedented volatility. The COVID-19 outbreak, and its development into a pandemic, along with policies and actions taken by governments and companies and behaviors of customers around the world, had a significant negative impact on demand for oil. Additionally, production decisions by large oil and natural gas producing countries taken around the start of the pandemic led to increased oil production and supply. These actions drove oil prices down, leading many of our customers to make significant cuts in their activity, which has negatively affected our operating results and cash flow. The Lower-48 rig market began to stabilize during the second half of 2020. We expect measured but steady increases in activity throughout 2021 for the Lower-48 market. Our International markets have also experienced factors and conditions that have led to similar reductions in activity throughout 2020, but the impact has varied considerably from country to country. Activity declined more rapidly in some jurisdictions than others throughout the year. We believe that activity is going to increase modestly throughout 2021, and we have already started to see a return to activity from some of the stricter governmental restrictions in some countries already. Recent Developments InJanuary 2020 , Nabors completed a private offering of$600.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7.25% senior guaranteed notes due 2026 (the "2026 Notes") and$400.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7.50% senior guaranteed notes due 2028 (the "2028 Notes" and, together with the 2026 Notes, the "2026/2028 Notes"). 2026/2028 Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by certain of Nabors' indirect wholly owned subsidiaries (the "2026/2028 Notes Guarantors"). The proceeds from the offering were used primarily to repurchase approximately$952.9 million aggregate principal amount, for a net premium of$2.7 million (excluding accrued interest), of certain ofNabors Delaware's senior notes in a tender offer (the "January 2020 Tender Offers"). The aggregate principal amounts repurchased in theJanuary 2020 Tender Offers included approximately (i)$407.7 million ofNabors Delaware's 5.50% senior notes due 2023, (ii)$379.7 million ofNabors Delaware's 4.625% senior notes due 2021 and (iii)$165.5 million ofNabors Delaware's 5.10% senior notes due 2023. The remaining proceeds were available for transaction expenses and for general corporate purposes, including the repayment of certain other debt. See Note 10 - Debt to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of the report for additional information regarding the issuance of the 2026/2028 Notes and theJanuary 2020 Tender Offers. At a special meeting of shareholders heldApril 20, 2020 , our shareholders authorized a reverse stock split (the "Reverse Stock Split") at a ratio of not less than 1-for-15 and not greater than 1-for-50, with the exact ratio to be set within that range at the sole direction of our Board. OnApril 20, 2020 , the Board set the Reverse Stock Split ratio at 1- 33
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for-50. As a result of the Reverse Stock Split, 50 pre-reverse split common shares were automatically combined into one new common share, without any action on the part of the shareholders. Our authorized number of common shares were also proportionally decreased from 800,000,000 to 16,000,000 common shares. Subsequently, the par value of each common share was proportionally increased from$0.001 to$0.05 . In addition, at the special meeting, the shareholders authorized an increase in our common share capital by 100% following the Reverse Stock Split, to$1,600,000 , resulting in an increase in the number of authorized shares to 32,000,000. No fractional common shares were issued as a result of the Reverse Stock Split. Any fractional common shares of registered holders resulting from the Reverse Stock Split were rounded up to the nearest whole share. Unless otherwise noted, all share and per share information included in this annual report has been retrospectively adjusted to reflect this Reverse Stock Split.
OnMay 5, 2020 , our Board adopted a shareholder rights plan and declared a dividend of one right (a "Right") for each outstanding common share to shareholders of record onMay 15, 2020 . Each Right entitles the holder to purchase from Nabors one one-thousandth of a Series B Junior Participating Preferred Share, par value$0.001 per share (the "Series B Preferred Shares'), of Nabors at a price of$58.08 per one one-thousandth of a Series B Preferred Share, subject to adjustment. The description of the Rights are set forth in a Rights Agreement, datedMay 5, 2020 (the "Rights Agreement"), by and between Nabors andComputershare Trust Company , N.A., as Rights Agent. See Note 12 - Shareholders' Equity in Part II, Item 8.-Financial Statements and Supplementary Data for additional information regarding the shareholder rights plan. During the fourth quarter of 2020, we entered into a series of public and private exchange transactions (the "2020 Exchanges") wherebyNabors Delaware exchanged certain aggregate principal amounts of newly issued 6.5% Senior Priority Guaranteed Notes due 2025 (the "6.5% Exchange Notes") and certain aggregate principal amounts of newly issued 9.0% Senior Priority Guaranteed Notes due 2025 (the "9.0% Exchange Notes," and collectively, the "Exchange Notes") in exchange for various series and principal amounts of our andNabors Delaware's previously outstanding debt securities. Each series of Exchange Notes was guaranteed by (i) the Company, (ii) each of the 2026/2028 Notes Guarantors and (iii) certain lower tier subsidiaries of the Company that guarantee the Company's 2018 Revolving Credit Facility but do not guarantee the 2026/2028 Notes (the "Lower Tier Guarantors," and together with the Company and the 2026/2028 Guarantors, the "Exchange Notes Guarantors").Nabors Delaware did not receive any cash proceeds from the issuance of the Exchange Notes. The guarantees of the Exchange Notes by the Lower Tier Guarantors are contractually subordinate in right of payment to such subsidiaries' guarantee of certain senior guaranteed debt, including obligations under our 2018 Revolving Credit Facility.
The 2020 Exchanges collectively resulted in the exchange of$526.8 million aggregate principal amount of various series of existing debt for$50.5 million aggregate principal amount of newly issued 6.5% Exchange Notes and$192.0 million aggregate principal amount of newly issued 9.0% Exchange Notes. See Note 10 - Debt in Part II, Item 8-Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,for additional information regarding the exchange.
In
Financial Results
Comparison of the years ended
Operating revenues in 2020 totaled$2.1 billion , representing a decrease of$909.3 million from 2019. The primary driver was a decrease inU.S. activity in response to the rapid decline in global market conditions as previously discussed. This is evidenced by the 41% decline in average rigs working within ourU.S. Drilling operating segment. This market decline led to a decrease in operating revenue across virtually all our operating segments. Our segments where the activity is predominately located in theU.S. experienced a 40% -50% decline in revenue while our International andCanada segments experienced a less dramatic decline in the range of 15%-20%. For a more detailed description of operating results see -Segment Results of Operations, below. Net loss from continuing operations attributable to Nabors common shareholders totaled$820.3 million for 2020 ($118.69 per diluted share) compared to a net loss from continuing operations attributable to Nabors common shareholders of$720.1 million ($105.39 per diluted share) in 2019, or a$100.1 million increase in the net loss. This 34 Table of Contents increase in the net loss is primarily due to the previously discussed weakened global market conditions, brought about in part by the outbreak of COVID-19, and the resultant unprecedented volatility in the oil markets. These factors led to a significant decline in oil prices resulting from oversupply and demand weakness, which in turn has had a significant impact on our operating results. Also contributing to the higher net loss was a$108.7 million increase in Impairments and other charges taken in 2020 compared to 2019, due in large part to the market conditions experienced during 2020. The$228.3 million of gains realized from the exchange transactions and repurchases of debt, partially offset these items. General and administrative expenses in 2020 totaled$203.5 million , representing a decrease of$55.2 million , or 21% from 2019. This is reflective of a reduction in workforce and general cost-reduction efforts across our operating segments and our corporate offices due to current industry market conditions. Research and engineering expenses in 2020 totaled$33.6 million , representing a decrease of$16.8 million , or 33%, from 2019. The decrease is attributable to reductions in staffing levels and other cost control efforts across many of our research and engineering projects and initiatives due to current industry market conditions. Depreciation and amortization expense in 2020 was$853.7 million , representing a decrease of$22.4 million , or 3%, from 2019. The decrease is primarily due to reduction in rig activity, limited capital expenditures over recent years and the effect of recent impairments and retirements of long-lived assets.
Segment Results of Operations
Our business consists of five reportable segments:
Management evaluates the performance of our reportable segments using adjusted operating income (loss), which is our segment performance measure, because it believes that this financial measure reflects our ongoing profitability and performance. In addition, securities analysts and investors use this measure as one of the metrics on which they analyze our performance. Adjusted operating income (loss) represents income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes, interest expense, earnings (losses) from unconsolidated affiliates, investment income (loss), (gain)/loss on debt buybacks and exchanges, impairments and other charges and other, net. A reconciliation of adjusted operating income to net income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes can be found in Note 19-Segment Information in Part II, Item 8. -Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. 35 Table of Contents
The following tables set forth certain information with respect to our reportable segments and rig activity:
Year Ended December 31, Increase/(Decrease) 2020 2019 2020 to 2019 (In thousands, except percentages and rig activity) U.S. Drilling Operating revenues$ 713,057 $ 1,240,936 $ (527,879) (43) % Adjusted operating income (loss) (1)$ (96,176) $
64,313$ (160,489) (250) % Average rigs working (2) 67.9 115.3 (47.4) (41) % Canada Drilling Operating revenues$ 54,753 $ 68,274 $ (13,521) (20) %
Adjusted operating income (loss) (1)$ (11,766) $
(14,483)$ 2,717 19 % Average rigs working (2) 9.0 10.9 (1.9) (17) % International Drilling Operating revenues$ 1,131,673 $ 1,324,142 $ (192,469) (15) %
Adjusted operating income (loss) (1)$ (56,205) $
(8,903)$ (47,302) (531) % Average rigs working (2) 75.7 88.3 (12.6) (14) % Drilling Solutions Operating revenues$ 149,834 $ 252,790 $ (102,956) (41) %
Adjusted operating income (loss) (1) $ 6,167 $
59,465$ (53,298) (90) % Rig Technologies Operating revenues$ 131,555 $ 260,226 $ (128,671) (49) %
Adjusted operating income (loss) (1)$ (13,481) $
(11,247)
Adjusted operating income (loss) is our measure of segment profit and loss. (1) See Note 19 - Segment Information to the consolidated financial statements
included in Item 8 of the report.
Represents a measure of the number of equivalent rigs operating during a (2) given period. For example, one rig operating 182.5 days during a 365-day
period represents 0.5 average rigs working.U.S. Drilling Operating revenues decreased by$527.9 million or 43% in 2020 compared to 2019 primarily due to a significant decrease in activity brought about by the weakened market conditions discussed above. This is reflected by a 41% decrease in the average number of rigs working. The reduction in revenues was partially offset by significant cost reductions, which are also related to the drop in activity. Canada Drilling Operating revenues decreased by$13.5 million or 20% in 2020 compared to 2019 primarily due to a decline in activity as a result of the weakened global market conditions. This is reflected by the 19% decline in average rigs working and decreased day rates. However, cost reduction actions more than offset the drop in revenue. International Drilling Operating revenues decreased by$192.5 million or 15% in 2020 compared to 2019 primarily due to reduced activity, as reflected by the 14% decrease in the average number of rigs working, as certain countries implemented measures to counter COVID-19. The reduction in revenues was partially offset by significant cost reductions related to the drop in activity. Drilling Solutions Operating revenues decreased by$103.0 million or 41% in 2020 compared to 2019 primarily due to the reduced activity across theU.S. as the market softened in response to reduced oil prices and market conditions discussed above. The reduction in activity and operating revenues was partially offset by cost management initiatives mainly focusing on labor and repair and maintenance costs as well as an overall reduction in administrative expenses. 36 Table of Contents Rig Technologies
Operating revenues decreased$128.7 million or 49% in 2020 compared to 2019 due to the overall decline in activity in theU.S. as mentioned previously. Despite the drop in revenues, this segment enacted significant cost reduction measures to mitigate almost all the impact. Other Financial Information Interest expense Interest expense for 2020 was$206.3 million , representing an increase of$2.0 million , or 1%, compared to 2019. The increase was primarily due to the higher interest rates on the 2026 Notes and the 2028 Notes, which were issued inJanuary 2020 , compared to the lower interest rate debt that was repurchased in theJanuary 2020 Tender Offers using the proceeds from that offering.
Gain on debt buybacks and exchanges
Gain on debt buybacks and exchanges was$228.3 million , representing an increase of$216.8 million compared to 2019. Approximately$161.8 million of this amount is due to the debt exchanges completed in the fourth quarter of 2020. The remaining$66.5 million is primarily attributable to open market purchases
of debt throughout the year.
Impairments and other charges
Impairments and other charges for 2020 was$410.6 million . The increase was due to the outbreak of COVID-19 and the oil market experiencing unprecedented volatility leading to a significant decline in oil prices resulting from oversupply and demand weakness in early 2020. These charges included impairment charges, and retirement provisions of long-lived assets of$260.5 million comprised of underutilized rigs and drilling-related equipment across all our operating segments. We also recognized$111.4 million in impairments to our remaining goodwill and intangible asset balances in our Drilling Solutions and Rig Technologies operating segments. Impairments and other charges for 2019 were$301.9 million , which primarily consisted of$203.7 million of impairments to goodwill and intangible assets primarily as the result of a sustained decline in our market capitalization and lower future cash flow projections due to expectations for future commodity prices below previous projections and the resulting impact on the lower demand projections for our products and services within these reporting units. We recognized goodwill impairments for the remaining balances of$75.6 million attributable to our International Drilling operating segment,$52.2 million attributable to ourU.S. Drilling operating segment and$28.1 million attributable to the acquisition of 2TD reported within our Rig Technologies operating segment. Additionally, we recognized an impairment of$47.7 million to write off the intangible asset due to uncertainty in commercialization and demand stemming from lower commodity prices and rig counts. The balance of$98.3 million consisted of impairments and retirement provisions for several tangible and other assets. These assets included some of our older and smaller rigs in ourCanada and International Drilling rig fleets of$17.8 million and$17.9 million , respectively,$11.4 reserve for inventory obsolescence in our Rig Technologies segment and$43.2 million in various receivables or other assets impacted by foreign sanctions or other political risk issues, bankruptcies or other financial problems. Other, net Other, net for 2020 was$28.6 million of loss, which included foreign currency exchange loss of$13.2 million , net losses on sales and disposals of assets of approximately$12.4 million and an increase in litigation reserves of$4.2 million . Other, net for 2019 was$33.2 million of expense, which included foreign currency exchange losses of$20.9 million , net losses on sales and disposals of assets of approximately$7.1 million and an increase in litigation reserves
of$5.2 million . 37 Table of Contents Income taxes Our worldwide income tax expense for 2020 was$57.3 million compared to$91.6 million for 2019. The decrease in tax expense was primarily attributable to a decrease in operating income in the jurisdictions in which we operate, as well as the change in our geographic mix of our pre-tax earnings (losses) . The decrease was partially offset by the gain related to our debt exchange transaction and the resulting utilization of net operating losses.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Financial Condition and Sources of Liquidity
Our primary sources of liquidity are cash and investments, availability under our revolving credit facility and cash generated from operations. As ofDecember 31, 2020 , we had cash and short-term investments of$481.7 million and working capital of$616.0 million . As ofDecember 31, 2019 , we had cash and short-term investments of$452.5 million and working capital of$592.1 million . AtDecember 31, 2020 , we had$672.5 million of borrowings outstanding under the 2018 Revolving Credit Facility, which has a total borrowing capacity of$1.014 billion . The 2018 Revolving Credit Facility requires us to maintain "minimum liquidity" of no less than$160.0 million at all times, and an asset to debt coverage ratio of at least 4.25:1 as of the end of each calendar quarter. Minimum liquidity is defined to mean, generally, a consolidated cash balance consisting of (a) the aggregate amount of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents maintained in a deposit accountU.S. or Canadian branch of a commercial bank, plus (b) the lesser of$75 million or an amount equal to 75% of the aggregate amount of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents held in deposit account of a commercial bank outside of theU.S. orCanada , plus (c) available commitments under the 2018 Revolving Credit Facility. The asset to debt coverage ratio applies only during the period whichNabors Delaware fails to maintain an investment grade rating from at least two rating agencies, which was the case as of the date of this report. As ofDecember 31, 2020 , we were in compliance with both the minimum liquidity and asset to debt coverage ratio requirements under the 2018 Revolving Credit Facility. We also had$57.6 million of letters of credit outstanding under the 2018 Revolving Credit Facility. As of the date of this report, we were in compliance with all covenants under the 2018 Revolving Credit Facility. If we fail to perform our obligations under the covenants, the revolving credit commitments under the 2018 Revolving Credit Facility could be terminated, and any outstanding borrowings under the facilities could be declared immediately due and payable. If necessary, we have the ability to manage our covenant compliance by taking certain actions including reductions in discretionary capital or other types of controllable expenditures, monetization of assets, amending or renegotiating the revolving credit agreement, accessing capital markets through a variety of alternative methods, or any combination of these alternatives. We expect to remain in compliance with all covenants under the 2018 Revolving Credit Facility during the twelve month period following the date of this report based on our current operational and financial projections. However, we can make no assurance of continued compliance if our current projections or material underlying assumptions prove to be incorrect. If we fail to comply with the covenants, the revolving credit commitment could be terminated, and any outstanding borrowings under the facility could be declared immediately due and payable. Our ability to access capital markets or to otherwise obtain sufficient financing may be affected by our senior unsecured debt ratings as provided by the major credit rating agencies inthe United States and our historical ability to access these markets as needed. While there can be no assurances that we will be able to access these markets in the future, we believe that we will be able to access capital markets or otherwise obtain financing in order to satisfy any payment obligation that might arise upon maturity, exchange or purchase of our notes and our debt facilities, loss of availability of our revolving credit facilities and our A/R Agreement (see-Accounts Receivable Sales Agreement, below), and that any cash payment due, in addition to our other cash obligations, would not ultimately have a material adverse impact on our liquidity or financial position. The majorU.S. credit rating agencies have previously downgraded our senior unsecured debt rating to non-investment grade. These and any further ratings downgrades could adversely impact our ability to access debt markets in the future, increase the cost of future debt, and potentially require us to post letters of credit for certain obligations. See Part I, Item 1A.-Risk Factors-A downgrade in our credit rating could negatively impact our cost of and ability to access capital markets or other financing
sources. 38 Table of Contents
We had 18 letter-of-credit facilities with various banks outstanding as of
December 31, 2020 (In thousands) Credit available$ 630,552 Less: Letters of credit outstanding, inclusive of financial and performance guarantees 114,984 Remaining availability$ 515,569 We are a holding company and therefore rely exclusively on repayments of interest and principal on intercompany loans that we have made to our operating subsidiaries and income from dividends and other cash flows from our operating subsidiaries. There can be no assurance that our operating subsidiaries will generate sufficient net income to pay us dividends or sufficient cash flows to make payments of interest and principal to us. See Part I., Item 1A.-Risk Factors-As a holding company, we depend on our operating subsidiaries and investments to meet our financial obligations.
Accounts Receivable Sales Agreement
OnSeptember 13, 2019 , we entered into a$250.0 million accounts receivable sales agreement (the "A/R Agreement") whereby certainU.S. operating subsidiaries of the Company (collectively, the "Originators") sold or contributed, and will on an ongoing basis continue to sell or contribute, certain of its domestic trade accounts receivables to a wholly owned, bankruptcy-remote, special purpose entity (the "SPE"). The SPE would in turn, sell, transfer, convey and assign to third-party financial institutions (the "Purchasers"), all the rights, title and interest in and to its pool of eligible receivables. The sale of these receivables qualified for sale accounting treatment in accordance with ASC 860. The amount available for purchase under the A/R Agreement fluctuates over time based on the total amount of eligible receivables generated during the normal course of business after excluding excess concentrations and certain other ineligible receivables. The maximum purchase commitment of the Purchasers under the A/R Agreement is approximately$250.0 million , and the amount of receivables purchased by the Purchasers as ofDecember 31, 2020 was$54.0 million . As ofDecember 31, 2020 , the total amount of eligible receivables available for purchase by the Purchasers was$67.0 million . See further details at Note 4 - Accounts Receivable Sale Agreement in Part II, Item 8. -Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. Future Cash Requirements Our current cash and investments, projected cash flows from operations, proceeds from equity or debt issuances and our 2018 Revolving Credit Facility are expected to adequately finance our purchase commitments, capital expenditures, acquisitions, scheduled debt service requirements, and all other expected cash requirements for the next 12 months including the$86.5 million outstanding of the 4.625% senior notes dueSeptember 2021 . However, we can make no assurances that our current operational and financial projections will prove to be correct, especially in light of the effects the COVID-19 pandemic has on oil and natural gas prices and, in turn, our business. A sustained period of highly depressed oil and natural gas prices could have a significant effect on our customers' capital expenditure spending and therefore our operations, cash flows and liquidity. Purchase commitments outstanding atDecember 31, 2020 totaled approximately$110.1 million , primarily for rig-related enhancements, sustaining capital expenditures, operating expenses and purchases of inventory. We can reduce planned expenditures if necessary or increase them if market conditions and new business opportunities warrant it. The level of our outstanding purchase commitments and our expected level of capital expenditures over the next 12 months represent a number of capital programs that are currently underway or planned. We may from time to time seek to retire or purchase our outstanding debt through cash purchases and/or exchanges for equity securities, both in open-market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Such repurchases or exchanges, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors and may involve material amounts. 39 Table of Contents See our discussion of guarantees issued by Nabors that could have a potential impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows in future periods included below under "Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements (Including Guarantees)". The following table summarizes our contractual cash obligations as ofDecember 31, 2020 : Payments due by Period Total < 1 Year 1-3 Years 3-5 Years More than 5 years (In thousands) Contractual cash obligations: Long-term debt: (1) Principal$ 3,036,105 $ 86,500 (2)$ 822,361 (3)$ 1,177,657 (4) $ 949,587 (5) Interest 794,309 163,434 313,141 224,383 93,351 Operating leases (6) 41,812 10,030 11,775 4,831 15,176 Purchase commitments (7) 110,123 109,138 324 - 661 The table above excludes liabilities for uncertain tax positions totaling$26.7 million as ofDecember 31, 2020 because we are unable to make reasonably reliable estimates of the timing of cash settlements with the respective taxing authorities. Further details on the uncertain tax positions can be found in Note 11-Income Taxes in Part II, Item 8.-Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
(1) See Note 10-Debt in Part II, Item 8.-Financial Statements and Supplementary
Data.
(2) Represents the aggregate principal amount of
notes dueSeptember 2021 .
Represents the aggregate principal amount of
2018 Revolving Credit Facility dueOctober 2023 .
Represents
notes dueFebruary 2025 and 9.0% senior priority guaranteed notes dueFebruary 2025 .
(5) Represents our 7.25% senior guaranteed noted due
senior guaranteed noted dueJanuary 2028 .
(6) See Note 21-Leases in Part II, Item 8.-Financial Statements and Supplementary
Data.
Purchase commitments include agreements to purchase goods or services that (7) are enforceable and legally binding and that specify all significant terms,
including fixed or minimum quantities to be purchased; fixed, minimum or
variable pricing provisions; and the approximate timing of the transaction.
During the three months endedDecember 31, 2020 , our Board declared a cash dividend of$0.75 per mandatory convertible preferred share, which was paid onFebruary 1, 2021 to shareholders of record at the close of business onJanuary 15, 2021 in the amount of$3.7 million . During the year endedDecember 31, 2020 , we paid cash dividends totaling$49.6 million . OnFebruary 23, 2021 , a cash dividend of$0.75 per mandatory convertible preferred share was declared for shareholders which will be paid onMay 3, 2021 , to holders presenting the Preferred Shares for conversion. See Part II, Item 5.-Market Price of and Dividends on the Registrant's Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity-Dividends. Cash Flows Our cash flows depend, to a large degree, on the level of spending by oil and gas companies for exploration, development and production activities. Sustained decreases in the price of oil or natural gas could have a material impact on these activities, and could also materially affect our cash flows. Certain sources and uses of cash, such as the level of discretionary capital expenditures or acquisitions, purchases and sales of investments, loans, issuances and repurchases of debt and of our common shares are within our control and are adjusted as necessary based on market conditions. We discuss our 2020 and 2019 cash flows below. 40 Table of Contents Operating Activities. Net cash provided by operating activities totaled$349.8 million during 2020, compared to net cash provided of$684.6 million during 2019. Operating cash flows are our primary source of capital and liquidity. The decrease in cash flows from operations is primarily attributable to decreases in activity and margins in ourU.S. Drilling operating segment. Changes in working capital items such as collection of receivables, other deferred revenue arrangements and payments of operating payables are significant factors affecting operating cash flows. Changes in working capital items used$8.4 million in cash flows during 2020 and provided$136.7 million in cash
flows during 2019. Investing Activities. Net cash used for investing activities totaled$165.5 million during 2020 compared to net cash used of$355.9 million in 2019. Our primary use of cash for investing activities is for capital expenditures related to rig-related enhancements, new construction and equipment, as well as sustaining capital expenditures. During 2020 and 2019, we used cash for capital expenditures totaling$195.5 million and$427.7 million , respectively.
We received
Financing Activities. Net cash used for financing activities totaled$148.0 million during 2020. During 2020, we received net proceeds of$317.2 million in amounts borrowed under our revolving credit facilities, partially offset by a$1.3 billion repayment on our senior notes. Additionally, we paid dividends totaling$22.5 million to our common and preferred shareholders.
Net cash used for financing activities totaled
Summarized Combined Financial Information for Guarantee of Securities of Subsidiaries
Nabors Delaware is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Nabors. Nabors fully and unconditionally guarantees the due and punctual payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest onNabors Delaware's registered notes, which are its (i) 4.625% Senior Notes due 2021 (the "2021 Notes"), (ii) 5.10% Senior Notes due 2023 (the "2023 Notes"), (iii) 5.50% Senior Notes due 2023 (the "5.50 2023 Notes") and (iv) 5.75% Senior Notes due 2025 (the "2025 Notes" and, together with the 2021 Notes, the 2023 Notes, the 5.50% 2023 Notes and the 2025 Notes, the "Registered Notes"), and any other obligations ofNabors Delaware under the Registered Notes when and as they become due and payable, whether at maturity, upon redemption, by acceleration or otherwise, ifNabors Delaware is unable to satisfy these obligations. Nabors' guarantee ofNabors Delaware's obligations under the Registered Notes are its unsecured and unsubordinated obligation and have the same ranking with respect to Nabors' indebtedness as the Registered Notes have with respect toNabors Delaware's indebtedness. In the event that Nabors is required to withhold or deduct on account of any Bermudian taxes due from any payment made under or with respect to its guarantees, subject to certain exceptions, Nabors will pay additional amounts so that the net amount received by each holder of Registered Notes will equal the amount that such holder would have received if the Bermudian taxes had not been required to
be withheld or deducted.
The following summarized financial information is included so that separate financial statements ofNabors Delaware are not required to be filed with theSEC . The condensed consolidating financial statements present investments in both consolidated and unconsolidated affiliates using the equity method of accounting. In lieu of providing separate financial statements for issuers and guarantors (the "Obligated Group "), we have presented the accompanying supplemental summarized combined balance sheet and income statement information for theObligated Group based on Rule 13-01 of theSEC's Regulation S-X that we early adopted effectiveApril 1, 2020 . All significant intercompany items among theObligated Group have been eliminated in the supplemental summarized combined financial information.The Obligated Group's investment balances in Subsidiary Non-Guarantors have been excluded from the supplemental combined financial information. Significant intercompany balances and activity for theObligated Group with other related parties, including Subsidiary Non-Guarantors (referred to as "affiliates"), are presented separately in the accompanying supplemental summarized financial
information. 41 Table of Contents
Summarized combined Balance Sheet and Income Statement information for the
December 31, Summarized Combined Balance Sheet Information 2020 2019
Assets
Current Assets$ 27,432 $ 407 Non-Current Assets 415,768 431,540 Noncurrent assets - affiliates 7,226,211 7,782,314 Total Assets 7,669,411 8,214,261 Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity Current liabilities 71,605 60,409 Noncurrent liabilities 3,086,794 3,369,876 Noncurrent liabilities - affiliates 494,589 242,267 Total Liabilities 3,652,988 3,672,552 Stockholders' Equity 4,016,423 4,541,709 Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity 7,669,411 8,214,261
Year EndedDecember 31 ,
Summarized Combined Income Statement Information 2020 Total revenues, earnings (loss) from consolidated affiliates and other income $
(554,953)
Income from continuing operations, net of tax
(581,521)
Dividends on preferred stock
(14,611)
Net income (loss) attributable to Nabors common shareholders (596,132)
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements (Including Guarantees)
We are a party to transactions, agreements or other contractual arrangements defined as "off-balance sheet arrangements" that could have a material future effect on our financial position, results of operations, liquidity and capital resources. The most significant of these off-balance sheet arrangements include the A/R Agreement (see -Accounts Receivable Sale Agreement, above) and certain agreements and obligations under which we provide financial or performance assurance to third parties. Certain of these financial or performance assurances serve as guarantees, including standby letters of credit issued on behalf of insurance carriers in conjunction with our workers' compensation insurance program and other financial surety instruments such as bonds. In addition, we have provided indemnifications, which serve as guarantees, to some third parties. These guarantees include indemnification provided by us to our share transfer agent and our insurance carriers. We are not able to estimate the potential future maximum payments that might be due under our indemnification guarantees. Management believes the likelihood that we would be required to perform or otherwise incur any material losses associated with any of these
guarantees is remote. The following table summarizes the total maximum amount of financial guarantees issued by Nabors: Maximum Amount 2021 2022 2023 Thereafter Total (In thousands) Financial standby letters of credit and other financial surety instruments$ 184,675 - 112
1,140$ 185,927 Other Matters
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2-Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in Part II, Item 8.-Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data. 42 Table of Contents Critical Accounting Estimates The preparation of our financial statements in conformity withU.S. GAAP requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date and the amounts of revenues and expenses recognized during the reporting period. We analyze our estimates based on our historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. However, actual results could differ from our estimates. The following is a discussion of our critical accounting estimates. Management considers an accounting estimate to be critical if:
? it requires assumptions to be made that were uncertain at the time the estimate
was made; and
changes in the estimate or different estimates that could have been selected
? could have a material impact on our consolidated financial position or results
of operations. For a summary of all our significant accounting policies, see Note 2-Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in Part II, Item 8.-Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. Depreciation of Property, Plant and Equipment. The drilling and drilling services industries are very capital intensive. Property, plant and equipment represented 72% of our total assets as ofDecember 31, 2020 , and depreciation and amortization constituted 30% of our total costs and other deductions in 2020. Depreciation for our primary operating assets, drilling rigs, is calculated based on the units-of-production method. For each day a rig is operating, we depreciate it over an approximate 4,927-day period, with the exception of our jackup rigs which are depreciated over an 8,030-day period, after provision for salvage value. For each day a rig asset is not operating, it is depreciated over an assumed depreciable life of 20 years, with the exception of our jackup rigs, where a 30-year depreciable life is typically used, after provision for salvage value. Depreciation on our buildings, oilfield hauling and mobile equipment, aircraft equipment, and other machinery and equipment is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the asset after provision for salvage value (buildings-10 to 30 years; aircraft equipment-5 to 20 years; oilfield hauling and mobile equipment and other machinery and equipment-3 to 10 years). These depreciation periods and the salvage values of our property, plant and equipment were determined through an analysis of the useful lives of our assets and based on our experience with the salvage values of these assets. Periodically, we review our depreciation periods and salvage values for reasonableness given current conditions. Depreciation of property, plant and equipment is therefore based upon estimates of the useful lives and salvage value of those assets. Estimation of these items requires significant management judgment. Accordingly, management believes that accounting estimates related to depreciation expense recorded on property, plant and equipment are critical. There have been no factors related to the performance of our portfolio of assets, changes in technology or other factors indicating that these estimates do not continue to be appropriate. Accordingly, for the years endedDecember 31, 2020 , 2019 and 2018, no significant changes have been made to the depreciation rates applied to property, plant and equipment, the underlying assumptions related to estimates of depreciation, or the methodology applied. However, certain events could occur that would materially affect our estimates and assumptions related to depreciation. Unforeseen changes in operations or technology could substantially alter management's assumptions regarding our ability to realize the return on our investment in operating assets and therefore affect the useful lives and salvage values of our assets. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets. As discussed above, the drilling and drilling services industries are very capital intensive. We review our assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. If the estimated undiscounted future cash flows are not sufficient to support the asset's recorded value, an impairment charge is recognized to the extent the carrying amount of the long-lived asset exceeds its estimated fair value determined utilizing either a discounted cash flows or market approach model. Management considers a number of factors such as estimated future cash flows from the assets, appraisals and current market value analysis in determining fair value. The determination of future cash flows requires the estimation of utilization, dayrates, operating margins, sustaining capital and remaining economic life. Such estimates can change 43
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based on market conditions, technological advances in the industry or changes in regulations governing the industry. The appraisals require estimation based on location, working status, asset condition and market conditions. Significant and unanticipated changes to the assumptions could result in future impairments. A significantly prolonged period of lower oil and natural gas prices could continue to adversely affect the demand for and prices of our services, which could result in future impairment charges. As the determination of whether impairment charges should be recorded on our long-lived assets is subject to significant management judgment, and an impairment of these assets could result in a material charge on our consolidated statements of income (loss), management believes that accounting estimates related to impairment of long-lived assets are critical. Assumptions in the determination of future cash flows are made with the involvement of management personnel at the operational level where the most specific knowledge of market conditions and other operating factors exists. For 2020, 2019 and 2018, no significant changes have been made to the methodology utilized to determine future cash flows.
For an asset classified as held for sale, we consider the asset impaired when its carrying amount exceeds fair value less its cost to sell. Fair value is determined by calculating the expected sales price less any costs to sell.
Impairment ofGoodwill and Intangible Assets. We review goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives for impairment annually during the second quarter of each fiscal year or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such goodwill and intangible assets may exceed their fair value. We perform our impairment tests for goodwill for all our reporting units within our reportable segments. Our business consists ofU.S. Drilling, Canada Drilling, International Drilling, Drilling Solutions and Rig Technologies reportable segments. Our Rig Technologies reportable segment includes our Canrig, RDS and 2TD reporting units. We initially assess goodwill for impairment based on qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of one of our reporting units is greater than its carrying amount. If the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, an impairment charge will be recognized in an amount equal to the excess; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. Due to industry conditions and the corresponding impact on future expectations of demand for our products and services, including the effect on our stock price, we determined a triggering event had occurred and performed a quantitative impairment assessment of our goodwill as ofMarch 31, 2020 . Based on the results of our goodwill test performed in the first quarter of 2020, we recognized additional impairment charges to write off the remaining goodwill balances attributable to our Drilling Solutions and Rig Technologies operating segments of$11.4 million and$16.4 million , respectively in the quarter endedMarch 31, 2020 .
We also reviewed our intangible assets for impairment in the first quarter of 2020. The fair value of our intangible assets are determined using discounted cash flow models. Based on our updated projections of future cash flows, the fair value of our intangible assets did not support the carrying value. As such, we recognized an impairment of$83.6 million to write off all remaining intangible assets in the quarter endedMarch 31, 2020 . Our estimated fair values of our reporting units incorporate judgment and the use of estimates by management. The fair values calculated in these impairment tests were determined using discounted cash flow models, which require the use of significant unobservable inputs, representative of a Level 3 fair value measurement. Our cash flow models involve assumptions based on our utilization of rigs or other oil and gas service equipment, revenues and earnings from affiliates, as well as direct costs, general and administrative costs, depreciation, applicable income taxes, capital expenditures and working capital requirements. Our fair value estimates of these reporting units are sensitive to varying dayrates, utilization and costs. A significantly prolonged period of lower oil and natural gas prices, other than those assumed in developing our forecasts, or changes in laws and regulations could adversely affect the demand for and prices of our services, which could in turn result in future goodwill and other intangible asset impairment charges for these reporting units due to the potential impact on our estimate of our future operating results. Our discounted cash flow projections for each reporting unit were based on financial forecasts. The future cash flows were discounted to present value using discount rates determined to be appropriate for each reporting unit. Terminal values for each reporting unit were calculated using a Gordon Growth methodology with a long-term growth rate of approximately 2%. Another factor in determining whether impairment has occurred is the relationship between our market capitalization and our book value. As part of our annual review, we compared the sum of our reporting units' estimated fair value, which included the estimated fair value of non-operating assets and liabilities, less debt, to our market 44
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capitalization and assessed the reasonableness of our estimated fair value. Any of the above-mentioned factors may cause us to re-evaluate goodwill during any quarter throughout the year. Income Taxes. We operate in a number of countries and our tax returns filed in those jurisdictions are subject to review and examination by tax authorities within those jurisdictions. We are currently contesting tax assessments in a number of countries and may contest future assessments. We believe the ultimate resolution of the outstanding assessments, for which we have not made any accrual, will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements. We recognize uncertain tax positions that we believe have a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being sustained. We cannot predict or provide assurance as to the ultimate outcome of any existing or future assessments. Audit claims of approximately$20.4 million attributable to income tax have been assessed against us. We have contested, or intend to contest, these assessments, including through litigation if necessary, and we believe the ultimate resolution, for which we have not made any accrual, will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements. Tax authorities may issue additional assessments or pursue legal actions as a result of tax audits and we cannot predict or provide assurance as to the ultimate outcome of such assessments and legal actions. Applicable income and withholding taxes have not been provided on undistributed earnings of our subsidiaries. We do not intend to repatriate such undistributed earnings except for distributions upon which incremental income and withholding taxes would not be material. In certain jurisdictions we have recognized deferred tax assets and liabilities. Judgment and assumptions are required in determining whether deferred tax assets will be fully or partially utilized. When we estimate that all or some portion of certain deferred tax assets such as net operating loss carryforwards will not be utilized, we establish a valuation allowance for the amount ascertained to be unrealizable. We continually evaluate strategies that could allow for future utilization of our deferred assets. Any change in the ability to utilize such deferred assets will be accounted for in the period of the event affecting the valuation allowance. If facts and circumstances cause us to change our expectations regarding future tax consequences, the resulting adjustments could have a material effect on our financial results or cash flow. Litigation and Self-Insurance Reserves. Our operations are subject to many hazards inherent in the drilling and drilling services industries, including blowouts, cratering, explosions, fires, loss of well control, loss of or damage to the wellbore or underground reservoir, damaged or lost drilling equipment and damage or loss from inclement weather or natural disasters. Any of these and other hazards could result in personal injury or death, damage to or destruction of equipment and facilities, suspension of operations, environmental and natural resources damage and damage to the property of others. Our offshore operations are also subject to the hazards of marine operations including capsizing, grounding, collision and other damage from hurricanes and heavy weather or sea conditions and unsound ocean bottom conditions. Our operations are subject to risks of war or acts of terrorism, civil disturbances and other political events. Accidents may occur, we may be unable to obtain desired contractual indemnities, and our insurance may prove inadequate in certain cases. There is no assurance that our insurance or indemnification agreements will adequately protect us against liability from all the consequences of the hazards described above. Moreover, our insurance coverage generally provides that we assume a portion of the risk in the form of a deductible or self-insured retention. Based on the risks discussed above, it is necessary for us to estimate the level of our liability related to insurance and record reserves for these amounts in our consolidated financial statements. Reserves related to self-insurance are based on the facts and circumstances specific to the claims and our past experience with similar claims. The actual outcome of self-insured claims could differ significantly from estimated amounts. We maintain actuarially determined accruals in our consolidated balance sheets to cover self-insurance retentions for workers' compensation, employers' liability, general liability and automobile liability claims. These accruals are based on certain assumptions developed utilizing historical data to project future losses. Loss estimates in the calculation of these accruals are adjusted based upon actual claim settlements and reported claims. These loss estimates and accruals recorded in our financial statements for claims have historically been reasonable in light of the actual amount of claims paid. Because the determination of our liability for self-insured claims is subject to significant management judgment and in certain instances is based on actuarially estimated and calculated amounts, and because such liabilities could be material in nature, management believes that accounting estimates related to self-insurance reserves are critical. 45 Table of Contents During 2020, 2019 and 2018, no significant changes were made to the methodology used to estimate insurance reserves. For purposes of earnings sensitivity analysis, if theDecember 31, 2020 reserves were adjusted by 10%, total costs and other deductions would change by$12.3 million , or .44%.
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