Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are based upon management's current expectations and are subject to various uncertainties and changes in circumstances. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in these forward-looking statements are set forth below under the heading "Forward-Looking Statements." Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations include NACCO Industries, Inc.® ("NACCO") and its wholly owned subsidiaries (collectively, the "Company"). NACCO is the public holding company for The North American Coal Corporation®. The North American Coal Corporation and its affiliated companies (collectively, "NACoal") operate in the mining and natural resources industries through three operating segments: Coal Mining, North American Mining ("NAMining") and Minerals Management. The Coal Mining segment operates surface coal mines under long-term contracts with power generation companies and activated carbon producers pursuant to a service-based business model. The NAMining segment provides value-added contract mining and other services for producers of aggregates, lithium and other minerals. The Minerals Management segment promotes the development of the Company's gas, oil and coal reserves, generating income primarily from royalty-based lease payments from third parties.

The Company also has unallocated items not directly attributable to a reportable segment which are not included as part of the measurement of segment operating profit, primarily administrative costs related to public company reporting requirements, the financial results of the Company's mitigation banking business, Mitigation Resources of North America® ("MRNA"), and Bellaire Corporation ("Bellaire"). MRNA generates and sells stream and wetland mitigation credits (known as mitigation banking) and provides services to those engaged in permittee-responsible stream and wetland mitigation. Bellaire manages the Company's long-term liabilities related to former Eastern U.S. underground mining activities.

As of January 1, 2020, the Company retrospectively changed its computation of segment operating profit to reclassify certain expenses, primarily related to executive and board compensation. These expenses are now included in unallocated items. The change in segment reporting reflected a decision to evaluate the financial performance of the Company's segments excluding executive and board compensation. All prior period segment information has been reclassified to conform to the new presentation. This segment reporting change has no impact on consolidated operating results.

All financial statement line items below operating profit (other income, including interest expense and interest income, the provision for income taxes and net income) are presented and discussed within this Form 10-Q on a consolidated basis.

The Company has continued to operate as an essential business during the COVID-19 pandemic because it supports critical infrastructure industries. The Company has procedures to limit the exposure of employees to the spread of COVID-19. The extent to which COVID-19 impacts the Company going forward will depend on numerous factors and future developments that remain uncertain.

The Company's operating segments are further described below:

Coal Mining Segment The Coal Mining segment operates surface coal mines under long-term contracts with power generation companies and activated carbon producers pursuant to a service-based business model. Coal is surface-mined in North Dakota, Texas, Mississippi, Louisiana and on the Navajo Nation in New Mexico. Each mine is fully integrated with its customer operations.

During the six months ended June 30, 2020, the operating coal mines were: Bisti Fuels LLC ("Bisti"), Caddo Creek Resources Company, LLC ("Caddo Creek"), Camino Real Fuels, LLC ("Camino Real"), The Coteau Properties Company ("Coteau"), Coyote Creek Mining Company, LLC ("Coyote Creek"), Demery Resources Company, LLC ("Demery"), The Falkirk Mining Company ("Falkirk"), Mississippi Lignite Mining Company ("MLMC") and The Sabine Mining Company ("Sabine").

The contract mining agreement between Camino Real and its customer, Dos Republicas Coal Partnership ("DRCP"), terminated effective July 1, 2020 as a result of the unexpected termination by Comisión Federal de Electricidad ("CFE") of its coal supply contract with an affiliate of DRCP. The termination of the contract between CFE and DRCP eliminated DRCP's need for coal from Camino Real's Eagle Pass Mine, and will result in mine closure.

Camino Real issued a Notice of Payment Default on June 17, 2020. During the third quarter of 2020, the Company received certain inventory as well as a securitized note in settlement of the outstanding receivable balance as of June 30, 2020 and



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additional costs incurred through the July 9, 2020 mine closure date. Mine reclamation is the responsibility of DRCP. Camino Real has no legal obligation to perform mine reclamation but is in negotiations with DRCP to potentially perform mine reclamation activities under a new contractual arrangement. Closure of the mine does not materially impact NACCO's outlook for 2020. The contract mining agreement between Camino Real and DRCP was previously expected to terminate in 2021.

As of June 30, 2020, all of the Liberty Fuels Company, LLC mine areas have been reclaimed and final mine reclamation activities, primarily monitoring, will continue until final bond release.

Coteau, Coyote, Falkirk, MLMC and Sabine supply lignite coal for power generation. Bisti supplies sub-bituminous coal for power generation. Caddo Creek and Demery supply lignite coal for the production of activated carbon. Each of these mines deliver their coal production to adjacent or nearby power plants, synfuels plants or activated carbon processing facilities under long-term supply contracts. Each operating mine is the exclusive supplier of coal to its customers' facilities.

This segment has a strong history of customer retention due to the long-term nature of its contracts and the proximity of the Company's mines to its customers' facilities. The operating mines' contract expiration dates range from 2022 through 2045. The contract that expires in 2022 may be extended for three additional periods of five years each, or until 2037, at the Company's option.

On May 7, 2020, Great River Energy ("GRE"), Falkirk Mine's customer, and the Company's second largest customer, announced its intent to retire the Coal Creek Station power plant in the second half of 2022 and modify the Spiritwood Station power plant to be fueled by natural gas.

As noted in the announcement, GRE is willing to consider opportunities to sell Coal Creek Station. NACCO is actively engaged in the exploration of options that could, if successful, allow for transfer of ownership of the power plant to one or more third parties, which would preserve jobs at both Coal Creek Station and the Falkirk Mine. The Company believes Coal Creek Station is an efficient, economic and attractive generation and capacity asset, and its continued long-term operation is in the best interests of the employees and the local community.

Falkirk Mine is the sole supplier of lignite coal to Coal Creek Station pursuant to a long-term contract under which Falkirk also supplies approximately 0.3 million tons of lignite coal per year to Spiritwood Station. Falkirk has approximately 480 employees, and, in 2019, delivered a total of 7.4 million tons of lignite coal and contributed approximately $16 million to NACCO's Earnings from Unconsolidated Operations. The closure of Coal Creek Station would have a material adverse effect on the long-term earnings of NACCO. The terms of the contract between the Company and GRE specify that GRE is responsible for all costs related to mine closure, including but not limited to, final mine reclamation costs, post-retirement medical benefits and pension costs with respect to Falkirk employees.

At all operating coal mines other than MLMC, the Company is paid a management fee per ton of coal or heating unit (MMBtu) delivered. Each contract specifies the indices and mechanics by which fees change over time, generally in line with broad measures of U.S. inflation. The customers are responsible for funding all mine operating costs, including final mine reclamation, and directly or indirectly providing all of the capital required to build and operate the mine. This contract structure eliminates exposure to spot coal market price fluctuations while providing steady income and cash flow with minimal capital investment. Other than at Coyote Creek, debt financing provided by or supported by the customers is without recourse to NACCO and NACoal. See Note 7 of the accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of Coyote Creek's guarantees.

All operating coal mines other than MLMC meet the definition of a variable interest entity ("VIE"). In each case, NACCO is not the primary beneficiary of the VIE as it does not exercise financial control; therefore, NACCO does not consolidate the results of these operations within its financial statements. Instead, these contracts are accounted for as equity method investments. The income before income taxes associated with these VIE's is reported as Earnings of unconsolidated operations on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and the Company's investment is reported on the line Investments in Unconsolidated Subsidiaries in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The mines that meet the definition of a VIE are referred to collectively as the "Unconsolidated Subsidiaries." For tax purposes, the Unconsolidated Subsidiaries are included within the NACCO consolidated U.S. tax return; therefore, the income tax expense line on the Consolidated Statements of Operations includes income taxes related to these entities. The contracts for certain of the Company's Unconsolidated Subsidiaries permit or obligate the customer under some conditions to acquire the assets or stock of the subsidiary for an amount roughly equal to book value.

Camino Real previously met the definition of a variable interest entity of which the Company was not the primary beneficiary and therefore NACCO did not consolidate Camino Real's results of operations within its financial statements.



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The Notice of Payment Default and subsequent termination of the contract mining agreement resulted in a reconsideration event, which required reassessment of the Company's VIE conclusion. As a result of this reconsideration, Camino Real is no longer a VIE and its financial position is consolidated within NACCO's financial statements as of June 30, 2020. The consolidation of Camino Real did not materially change the Company's balance sheet. The results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2020 are reported under the equity method with income before income taxes reported as Earnings of unconsolidated operations on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The MLMC contract is the only operating coal contract in which the Company is responsible for all operating costs, capital requirements and final mine reclamation; therefore, MLMC is consolidated within NACCO's financial statements. MLMC sells coal to its customer at a contractually agreed-upon price which adjusts monthly, primarily based on changes in the level of established indices which reflect general U.S. inflation rates. Profitability at MLMC is affected by customer demand for coal, changes in the indices that determine sales price and actual costs incurred. As diesel fuel is heavily weighted among the indices used to determine the coal sales price, the persistence of low diesel fuel prices can negatively affect earnings at MLMC.

MLMC delivers coal to the Red Hills Power Plant in Ackerman, Mississippi. The Red Hills Power Plant supplies electricity to the Tennessee Valley Authority ("TVA") under a long-term Power Purchase Agreement. MLMC's contract with its customer runs through 2032. TVA's power portfolio includes coal, nuclear, hydroelectric, natural gas and renewables. The decision of which power plants to dispatch is determined by TVA.

Centennial Natural Resources ("Centennial"), located in Alabama, ceased coal production at the end of 2015. Since 2015, the Company has sold or transferred certain Centennial equipment and mineral reserves. The Company continues to evaluate strategies for the remaining mineral reserves and a dragline, which have no remaining book value. Cash expenditures related to mine reclamation at Centennial will continue until mine reclamation is complete, or ownership of, or responsibility for, the remaining mines is transferred. Centennial is a consolidated entity within the Coal Mining segment as the Company is responsible for carrying costs and final mine reclamation.

The coal reserves at Coteau, Falkirk, Coyote, MLMC and Centennial are owned or controlled by the Company. The coal reserves at all other mines are owned or controlled by the respective mine's customer.

The Company performs contemporaneous reclamation activities at each mine in the normal course of operations. Under all of the Unconsolidated Subsidiaries' contracts, the customer has the obligation to fund final mine reclamation activities. Under certain contracts, the Unconsolidated Subsidiary holds the mine permit and is therefore responsible for final mine reclamation activities. To the extent the Unconsolidated Subsidiary performs such final reclamation, it is compensated for providing those services in addition to receiving reimbursement from customers for costs incurred.

The contracts under which certain of the Unconsolidated Subsidiaries operate provide that, under certain conditions, including default, the customer(s) involved may elect or be obligated to acquire the assets (subject to the liabilities) or the capital stock of the Coal Mining subsidiary for an amount effectively equal to book value. The Company does not know of any conditions of default that currently exist.

NAMining Segment The NAMining segment provides value-added contract mining and other services for producers of aggregates, lithium and other minerals. The segment is a primary platform for the Company's growth and diversification outside of the coal industry. NAMining provides contract mining services for independently owned mines and quarries, creating value for its customers by performing the mining aspects of its customers' operations. This allows customers to focus on their areas of expertise: materials handling and processing, product sales and distribution. NAMining operates primarily at limestone quarries in Florida, but is focused on expanding outside of Florida and into mining materials other than limestone. During 2019, the Company entered into a mining agreement to serve as exclusive contract miner for the Thacker Pass lithium project in northern Nevada. NAMining utilizes both fixed price and management fee contract structures.

Minerals Management Segment The Minerals Management segment promotes the development of the Company's gas, oil and coal reserves, generating income primarily from royalty-based lease payments from third parties. The Company's gas, oil and undeveloped coal reserves are located in Ohio (Utica and Marcellus shale natural gas), Louisiana (Haynesville shale and Cotton Valley formation natural gas), Mississippi (coal), Pennsylvania (coal, coalbed methane and Marcellus shale natural gas), Alabama (coal and coalbed methane and natural gas) and North Dakota (coal).

The majority of the Company's existing reserves were acquired as part of its historical coal mining operations. The Minerals Management segment derives income primarily by entering into contracts with third-party operators, granting them the rights to



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explore, produce and sell natural resources in exchange for royalty payments based on the lessees' sales of natural gas and, to a lesser extent, oil and coal. Specialized employees in the Minerals Management segment also provide surface and mineral acquisition and lease maintenance services related to Company operations.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

Refer to the discussion of the Company's Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates as disclosed on pages 30 through 32 in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. The Company's Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates have not materially changed since December 31, 2019.

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL SUMMARY



The results of operations for NACCO were as follows for the three and six months
ended June 30:
                                               THREE MONTHS                    SIX MONTHS
                                           2020            2019           2020            2019
Revenues:
  Coal Mining                          $   21,573      $   22,570     $   42,501      $   39,320
  NAMining                                 12,048          10,728         23,672          21,503
  Minerals Management                       1,987           8,242          7,228          20,928
  Unallocated Items                           327             131            353             674
  Eliminations                               (580 )          (319 )         (755 )          (976 )
Total revenue                          $   35,355      $   41,352     $   72,999      $   81,449
Operating profit (loss):
  Coal Mining                          $    7,498      $    7,262     $   14,683      $   17,269
  NAMining                                    544            (450 )        1,275            (385 )
  Minerals Management                         510           6,789          4,777          18,458
  Unallocated Items                        (4,158 )        (4,732 )       (8,718 )        (9,866 )
  Eliminations                                 88             292             45              58
Total operating profit                 $    4,482      $    9,161     $   12,062      $   25,534
  Interest expense                            330             222            733             453
  Interest income                            (129 )          (581 )         (530 )        (1,134 )
  Income from other unconsolidated
affiliates                                    (79 )          (323 )         (212 )          (645 )
  Closed mine obligations                     390             330            824             696
  Gain on equity securities                (1,512 )          (261 )         (316 )          (959 )
  Other, net                                 (102 )            11           (117 )            22
Other (income) expense, net                (1,102 )          (602 )          382          (1,567 )
Income before income tax (benefit)
provision                                   5,584           9,763         11,680          27,101
Income tax (benefit) provision               (466 )         1,788           (536 )         4,108
Net income                             $    6,050      $    7,975     $   12,216      $   22,993

Effective income tax rate                    (8.3 )%         18.3 %         (4.6 )%         15.2 %


The components of the change in revenues and operating profit are discussed below in "Segment Results."

Second Quarter of 2020 Compared with Second Quarter of 2019 and First Six Months of 2020 Compared with First Six Months of 2019

Other expense (income), net

Interest expense increased in the second quarter and the first six months of 2020 compared with the 2019 periods by $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively, due to higher average borrowings under NACoal's revolving credit facility.




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Interest income decreased in the second quarter and the first six months of 2020 compared with the 2019 periods by $0.5 million and $0.6 million, respectively, primarily due to lower interest rates despite a higher invested cash balance.

Income from other unconsolidated affiliates represents the financial results of NoDak. NoDak operated and maintained a coal drying system at a customer's power plant. The NoDak contract expired on January 31, 2020, resulting in decreases of $0.2 million and $0.4 million, respectively, in Income from other unconsolidated affiliates during the second quarter and the first six months of 2020 compared with the 2019 periods. Income from NoDak was $1.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Gain on equity securities represents changes in the market price of invested assets reported at fair value. The change in the gains during the second quarter of 2020 and the first six months of 2020 compared with the gains during the 2019 periods was due to higher returns on invested assets during the second quarter of 2020 but lower returns on invested assets in the first quarter of 2020. See Note 6 to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of equity securities.

Income Taxes

The Company evaluates and updates its estimated annual effective income tax rate on a quarterly basis based on current and forecasted operating results and tax laws. Consequently, based upon the mix and timing of actual earnings compared to projections of earnings between entities that benefit from percentage depletion and those that do not, the effective tax rate may vary quarterly. The quarterly income tax provision is generally comprised of tax expense on income or a benefit on a loss at the most recent estimated annual effective income tax rate, adjusted for the effect of discrete items.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act ("CARES Act") was enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act contains numerous income tax provisions, including among other items, temporary changes regarding the prior and future utilization of net operating losses. The CARES Act allows net operating losses incurred in 2018, 2019, and 2020 to be carried back to each of the five preceding taxable years to generate a refund of previously paid income taxes. The 2020 estimated annual effective tax rate includes the benefit of utilizing the current year forecasted tax basis net operating loss that would otherwise be deductible at the current 21% statutory rate to offset taxable income in years that were taxed at a 35% rate. The Company expects to generate a net operating loss in 2020 primarily due to the realization of certain deferred tax assets. The Company is currently assessing aspects of the CARES Act, including the Company's ability to utilize the extended carryback provisions.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES OF NACCO

Cash Flows

The following tables detail NACCO's changes in cash flow for the six months ended June 30:


                                                         2020           2019          Change
Operating activities:
Net cash (used for) provided by operating activities $  (12,489 )   $   22,088     $  (34,577 )

Investing activities: Expenditures for property, plant and equipment (12,799 ) (5,967 ) (6,832 ) Other

                                                    (1,845 )           15         (1,860 )
Net cash used for investing activities                  (14,644 )       (5,952 )       (8,692 )
Cash flow before financing activities                $  (27,133 )   $   16,136     $  (43,269 )

The $34.6 million change in net cash (used for) provided by operating activities was primarily due to payments made for deferred compensation and long-term incentive compensation plans and lower net income during the first six months of 2020. In addition, an increase in accounts receivable in the first six months of 2020 compared to a decrease in the first six months of 2019 was partially offset by a reduction in inventory in the first six months of 2020 compared with the 2019 period, both primarily due to higher sales at Coal Mining and NAMining during the first six months of 2020.

The change in net cash used for investing activities was primarily attributable to an increase in expenditures for property, plant and equipment at the NAMining and Coal Mining segments.



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                                                     2020           2019          Change
Financing activities:
Net additions to long-term debt and revolving
credit agreement                                 $    3,479     $      895     $    2,584
Cash dividends paid                                  (2,690 )       (2,480 )         (210 )
Purchase of treasury shares                          (1,002 )       (1,385 )          383
Net cash used for financing activities           $     (213 )   $   (2,970 )   $    2,757

The change in net cash used for financing activities was primarily due to increased borrowings during the first six months of 2020 compared with the first six months of 2019.

Financing Activities

Financing arrangements are obtained and maintained at the NACoal level. NACCO has not guaranteed any borrowings of NACoal. The borrowing agreements at NACoal allow for the payment to NACCO of dividends and advances under certain circumstances. Dividends (to the extent permitted by NACoal's borrowing agreement) and management fees are the primary sources of cash for NACCO and enable the Company to pay dividends to stockholders.

The Company believes funds available from cash on hand, the NACoal Facility and operating cash flows will provide sufficient liquidity to meet its operating needs and commitments arising during the next twelve months and until the expiration of the NACoal Facility.

NACoal has an unsecured revolving line of credit of up to $150.0 million (the "NACoal Facility") that expires in August 2022. Borrowings outstanding under the NACoal Facility were $14 million at June 30, 2020. At June 30, 2020, the excess availability under the NACoal Facility was $133.0 million, which reflects a reduction for outstanding letters of credit of $3.1 million.

The NACoal Facility has performance-based pricing, which sets interest rates based upon NACoal achieving various levels of debt to EBITDA ratios, as defined in the NACoal Facility. Borrowings bear interest at a floating rate plus a margin based on the level of debt to EBITDA ratio achieved. The applicable margins, effective June 30, 2020, for base rate and LIBOR loans were 0.75% and 1.75%, respectively. The NACoal Facility has a commitment fee which is based upon achieving various levels of debt to EBITDA ratios. The commitment fee was 0.30% on the unused commitment at June 30, 2020. The weighted average interest rate applicable to the NACoal facility at June 30, 2020 was 1.93% including the floating rate margin.

The NACoal Facility contains restrictive covenants, which require, among other things, NACoal to maintain a maximum debt to EBITDA ratio of 3.00 to 1.00 and an interest coverage ratio of not less than 4.00 to 1.00. The NACoal Facility provides the ability to make loans, dividends and advances to NACCO, with some restrictions based on maintaining a maximum debt to EBITDA ratio of 2.00 to 1.00, or if greater than 2.00 to 1.00, a Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of 1.10 to 1.00, in conjunction with maintaining unused availability thresholds of borrowing capacity, as defined in the NACoal Facility, of $15.0 million. At June 30, 2020, NACoal was in compliance with all financial covenants in the NACoal Facility.

Capital Expenditures

Expenditures for property, plant and equipment were $12.8 million during the first six months of 2020. Planned expenditures for the remainder of 2020 are expected to be approximately $34 million, primarily consisting of $18 million in the Coal Mining segment, $10 million in the Minerals Management Segment and $6 million in the NAMining segment. Capital expenditures are expected to be funded from internally generated funds and/or bank borrowings.

In the Coal Mining segment, elevated levels of expected capital expenditures through 2021 are primarily related to spending at MLMC as it develops a new mine area. In the Minerals Management segment, capital expenditures in 2020 are primarily for the acquisition of mineral interests and other purchases. In the NAMining segment, capital expenditures in 2020 are primarily for the acquisition, relocation and refurbishment of draglines.




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Capital Structure

NACCO's consolidated capital structure is presented below:


                                   JUNE 30      DECEMBER 31
                                    2020            2019          Change
Cash and cash equivalents        $  95,546     $    122,892     $ (27,346 )
Other net tangible assets          216,637          174,465        42,172
Intangible assets, net              36,333           37,902        (1,569 )
Net assets                         348,516          335,259        13,257
Total debt                         (28,423 )        (24,943 )      (3,480 )
Bellaire closed mine obligations   (20,822 )        (20,924 )         102
Total equity                     $ 299,271     $    289,392     $   9,879
Debt to total capitalization         9%              8%             1%


The increase in other net tangible assets was primarily due to payments made for deferred compensation and accrued incentive compensation as well as an increase in accounts receivable at June 30, 2020 compared with December 31, 2019. The increase in other net tangible assets was partially offset by the decrease in cash and cash equivalents.

Contractual Obligations, Contingent Liabilities and Commitments

Since December 31, 2019, there have been no significant changes in the total amount of NACCO's contractual obligations, contingent liabilities or commercial commitments, or the timing of cash flows in accordance with those obligations as reported on page 36 in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. See Note 7 to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of certain guarantees related to Coyote Creek.



                                SEGMENT RESULTS

COAL MINING SEGMENT

FINANCIAL REVIEW

Tons of coal delivered by the Coal Mining segment were as follows for the three and six months ended June 30 (in millions):


                              THREE MONTHS          SIX MONTHS
                              2020       2019      2020     2019
Unconsolidated operations    6.0          6.9     13.6      15.5
Consolidated operations      0.8          0.9      1.6       1.5
Total tons delivered         6.8          7.8     15.2      17.0


The results of operations for the Coal Mining segment were as follows for the three and six months ended June 30:


                                                  THREE MONTHS              SIX MONTHS
                                               2020         2019        2020         2019
Revenues                                     $ 21,573    $ 22,570     $ 42,501    $ 39,320
Cost of sales                                  19,861      21,254       41,135      37,178
Gross profit                                    1,712       1,316        1,366       2,142

Earnings of unconsolidated operations(a) 12,800 13,529 27,827 29,310 Selling, general and administrative expenses 6,222 6,714 12,941 12,685 Amortization of intangible assets

                 792         881        1,569       1,528
Gain on sale of assets                              -         (12 )          -         (30 )
Operating profit                             $  7,498    $  7,262     $ 14,683    $ 17,269

(a) See Note 7 to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of the Company's unconsolidated subsidiaries, including summarized financial information.




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Second Quarter of 2020 Compared with Second Quarter of 2019

Revenues decreased 4.4% in the second quarter of 2020 compared with the second quarter of 2019 due to a reduction in tons delivered. This was partially offset by an increase in the per ton sales price at MLMC. The sales price at MLMC is index-based and includes adjustments for coal quality and reimbursable costs.

The following table identifies the components of change in operating profit for the second quarter of 2020 compared with the second quarter of 2019:


                                              Operating Profit
2019                                         $          7,262
Increase (decrease) from:
Selling, general and administrative expenses              492
Gross profit                                              396
Amortization of intangibles                                89
Earnings of unconsolidated operations                    (729 )
Net gain on sale of assets                                (12 )
2020                                         $          7,498


Operating profit increased $0.2 million in the second quarter of 2020 compared with the second quarter of 2019 primarily due to a decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses and an increase in gross profit, partially offset by a decrease in earnings of unconsolidated operations. The decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses was primarily attributable to lower employee-related expenses partially offset by an increase in outside service fees. The improvement in gross profit was primarily due to an increase in the profit per ton delivered at MLMC. The increase in profit per ton delivered was primarily due to the increase in the per ton sales price partially offset by an increase in the cost per ton delivered.

The decrease in earnings of unconsolidated operations was mainly due to lower customer demand at Sabine, Bisti and Camino, partially offset by an increase in customer demand at Coyote Creek and Falkirk. Sabine delivers coal to Southwestern Electric Power Company's Henry W. Pirkey Plant. The Pirkey power plant was dispatched at a lower rate during the second quarter of 2020 compared with the second quarter of 2019. The reduction in coal tons delivered at Bisti was due to an extended plant outage during the second quarter of 2020. The reduction in tons delivered at Camino was primarily due to a decrease in customer demand.

First Six Months of 2020 Compared with First Six Months of 2019

Revenues increased 8.1% in the first six months of 2020 compared with the first six months of 2019 due to an increase in MLMC's sales price and tons delivered. The sales price at MLMC is index-based and includes adjustments for coal quality and reimbursable costs. MLMC delivers coal to the Red Hills Power Plant, which supplies electricity to TVA under a long-term Power Purchase Agreement. The decision of which power plants to dispatch is determined by TVA. The Red Hills power plant experienced an increase in dispatch during the first six months of 2020 compared with the first six months of 2019, resulting in the increase in tons delivered.

The following table identifies the components of change in operating profit for the first six months of 2020 compared with the first six months of 2019:


                                              Operating Profit
2019                                         $        17,269
Increase (decrease) from:
Earnings of unconsolidated operations                 (1,483 )
Gross profit                                            (776 )
Selling, general and administrative expenses            (256 )
Amortization of intangibles                              (41 )
Net gain on sale of assets                               (30 )
2020                                         $        14,683




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Operating profit decreased $2.6 million in the first six months of 2020 compared with the first six months of 2019 primarily due to a decrease in earnings of unconsolidated operations, a decrease in gross profit and an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses.

The decrease in earnings of unconsolidated operations was mainly due to lower customer demand, primarily at Sabine, Camino and Bisti, partially offset by an increase in customer demand at Coyote Creek and Falkirk. For more information about the unconsolidated operations, see the Second Quarter discussion above.

The decrease in gross profit was primarily due to an increase in the cost per ton delivered at MLMC, including the recognition of a portion of costs previously capitalized into inventory. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was primarily attributable to higher outside service fees partially offset by lower employee-related expenses.

NORTH AMERICAN MINING ("NAMining") SEGMENT

FINANCIAL REVIEW Tons of limestone delivered by the NAMining segment were as follows for the three and six months ended June 30 (in millions):


                             THREE MONTHS         SIX MONTHS
                             2020      2019      2020     2019

Unconsolidated operations 2.2 2.5 4.4 4.4 Consolidated operations 8.6 9.3 18.9 19.1 Total tons delivered 10.8 11.8 23.3 23.5

The results of operations for the NAMining segment were as follows for the three and six months ended June 30:


                                                  THREE MONTHS                SIX MONTHS
                                                2020         2019         2020         2019
Revenues                                     $ 12,048     $ 10,728     $ 23,672     $ 21,503
Cost of sales                                  11,408       10,473       21,989       20,473
Gross profit                                      640          255        1,683        1,030

Earnings of unconsolidated operations(a) 978 614 1,954 1,103 Selling, general and administrative expenses 1,321 1,326 2,609 2,525 Gain on sale of assets

                           (247 )         (7 )       (247 )         (7 )
Operating profit (loss)                      $    544     $   (450 )   $  1,275     $   (385 )

(a) See Note 7 to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of the Company's unconsolidated subsidiaries, including summarized financial information.

Second Quarter of 2020 Compared with Second Quarter of 2019

Despite a reduction in tons delivered, revenues increased 12.3% in the second quarter of 2020 compared with the second quarter of 2019 primarily due to new operations added since June 30, 2019, including work related to the Thacker Pass lithium project, and favorable changes in the mix of customer requirements.




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The following table identifies the components of change in operating profit (loss) for the second quarter of 2020 compared with the second quarter of 2019:


                                              Operating Profit (Loss)
2019                                         $                (450 )
Increase (decrease) from:
Gross profit                                                   385
Earnings of unconsolidated operations                          364
Net gain on sale of assets                                     240
Selling, general and administrative expenses                     5
2020                                         $                 544



Operating profit increased $1.0 million in the second quarter of 2020 compared with the second quarter of 2019 primarily due to increases in gross profit and earnings of unconsolidated operations from new operations added since June 30, 2019 and favorable changes in the mix of customer requirements.

First Six Months of 2020 Compared with First Six Months of 2019

Despite a reduction in tons delivered, revenues increased 10.1% in the first six months of 2020 compared with the first six months of 2019 primarily due to new operations added since June 30, 2019, including work related to the Thacker Pass lithium project, and favorable changes in the mix of customer requirements.

The following table identifies the components of change in operating profit (loss) for the first six months of 2020 compared with the first six months of 2019:


                                               Operating Profit (Loss)
2019                                         $                 (385 )
Increase (decrease) from:
Earnings of unconsolidated operations                           851
Gross profit                                                    653
Net gain on sale of assets                                      240
Selling, general and administrative expenses                    (84 )
2020                                         $                1,275



Operating profit increased $1.7 million in the first six months of 2020 compared with the first six months of 2019 primarily due to increases in earnings of unconsolidated operations and gross profit from new operations added since June 30, 2019 and favorable changes in the mix of customer requirements.




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MINERALS MANAGEMENT SEGMENT
FINANCIAL REVIEW

The results of operations for the Minerals Management segment were as follows for the three and six months ended June 30:


                                                THREE MONTHS            SIX MONTHS
                                               2020       2019       2020       2019
Revenues                                     $ 1,987    $ 8,242    $ 7,228    $ 20,928
Cost of sales                                    558      1,262      1,256       2,088
Gross profit                                   1,429      6,980      5,972      18,840

Selling, general and administrative expenses 919 191 1,195 382 Operating profit

$   510    $ 6,789    $ 4,777    $ 18,458

Revenues and operating profit decreased in the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 compared with the 2019 periods. The first half of 2019 included significant royalty income generated by a large number of new gas wells put into commission during 2018 and early 2019. These wells are operated by third parties to extract natural gas from the Company's Ohio Utica shale mineral reserves. Since new wells have high initial production rates and follow a natural decline before settling into relatively stable, long-term production, royalty income in 2020 decreased substantially from 2019 levels. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses is due to a $0.5 million charge in the second quarter of 2020 to write-off certain leasehold interests.

UNALLOCATED ITEMS AND ELIMINATIONS

FINANCIAL REVIEW

Unallocated Items and Eliminations were as follows for the three and six months ended June 30:


                    THREE MONTHS               SIX MONTHS
                  2020         2019         2020        2019

Operating loss $ (4,070 ) $ (4,440 ) $ (8,673 ) (9,808 )

Operating loss decreased in the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 compared with the 2019 periods primarily due to lower employee-related expenses.

NACCO Industries, Inc. Outlook

Coal Mining Outlook In the second half and for the full year of 2020, the Company expects coal deliveries and Coal Mining operating profit to decrease from the respective prior year periods.

In the prior year fourth quarter, the Company recorded a $2.0 million unfavorable adjustment to mine reclamation liabilities at Centennial. Excluding the impact of this item, operating profit in the second half of 2020 is expected to decrease substantially from the second half of 2019. This decrease is a result of an anticipated decrease in earnings at the unconsolidated mining operations due to reduced customer requirements and an expected increase in operating expenses, mainly due to higher professional fees.

In the second half of 2020, earnings at MLMC are expected to be comparable to the second half of 2019. An anticipated improvement in customer demand resulting from an expected increase in the dispatch of the customer's power plant is expected to be offset by an increase in the cost per ton delivered. If customer demand at MLMC decreases from expected levels, it could unfavorably affect the Company's 2020 earnings outlook.

Excluding the unfavorable 2019 mine reclamation adjustment, 2020 full-year operating profit is expected to decrease from 2019 due to a reduction in earnings at the unconsolidated mining operations and the expected increase in operating expenses. Operating expenses are expected to increase moderately for the full year.




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Changes in dispatch, including changes due to historically low natural gas prices and the continued increase in renewable generation, particularly wind, could reduce customer demand below anticipated levels which would unfavorably affect the Company's second half and full-year 2020 outlook.

Capital expenditures are expected to be approximately $23 million in 2020. The Company expects high levels of capital expenditures in 2020 and 2021 primarily related to MLMC's development of a new mine area. These capital expenditures will result in an increase in depreciation that will unfavorably affect operating profit in future periods.

On May 7, 2020, Great River Energy ("GRE"), Falkirk Mine's customer and the Company's second largest customer, announced its intent to retire the Coal Creek Station power plant in the second half of 2022 and modify the Spiritwood Station power plant to be fueled by natural gas. GRE is willing to consider opportunities to sell Coal Creek Station, and NACCO is actively engaged in the exploration of options that could, if successful, allow for transfer of ownership of the power plant to one or more third parties, which would preserve jobs at both Coal Creek Station and the Falkirk Mine.

Falkirk Mine is the sole supplier of lignite coal to Coal Creek Station pursuant to a long-term contract under which Falkirk also supplies a moderate amount of lignite coal annually to Spiritwood Station. In 2019, Falkirk contributed approximately $16 million to NACCO's Earnings from Unconsolidated Operations. The closure of Coal Creek Station will have a material adverse effect on the long-term earnings of NACCO Industries. The terms of the contract between the Company and GRE specify that GRE is responsible for all costs related to mine closure, including but not limited to, final mine reclamation costs, post-retirement medical benefits and pension costs with respect to Falkirk employees.

As mentioned above, the contract between Camino Real and DRCP was unexpectedly terminated effective July 1, 2020. Camino Real delivered 1.5 million tons of coal during 2019. Closure of the mine does not materially impact NACCO's outlook for 2020. The contract mining agreement between Camino Real and DRCP was previously expected to terminate in 2021.

NAMining Outlook In the second half and full year of 2020, NAMining expects limestone deliveries to increase modestly from the respective prior year periods.

NAMining expects operating profit in the second half of 2020 to improve over the second half of 2019, but decrease significantly from the first half of 2020. Operating profit is expected to benefit from earnings associated with new limestone mining contracts and favorable changes in the mix of customer requirements. Full-year 2020 operating profit is expected to increase significantly over 2019.

Capital expenditures are expected to be approximately $13 million in 2020, primarily for the acquisition, relocation and refurbishment of draglines.

In 2019, NAMining's subsidiary, Sawtooth Mining, LLC, entered into a mining agreement to serve as the exclusive contract miner for the Thacker Pass lithium project in northern Nevada, owned by Lithium Nevada, Corp., a subsidiary of Lithium Americas Corp. (TSX: LAC) (NYSE: LAC). Lithium Nevada is in the process of securing permits and currently expects to commence construction in 2021 and production of lithium products in 2023.

Minerals Management Outlook The Minerals Management segment derives income from royalty-based leases under which lessees make payments to the Company based on their sale of natural gas and, to a lesser extent, oil, natural gas liquids and coal, extracted primarily by third parties. The 2019 results included a substantial increase in royalty income, particularly in the first half of 2019, generated by a large number of new gas wells put into commission during 2018 and early 2019. Given expected lower natural gas prices, fewer expected new wells and the natural production decline that occurs early in the life of a well, full-year 2020 royalty income is expected to decrease and be substantially lower than 2019 levels. While royalty income is expected to decrease in the second half of 2020 compared with the second half of 2019, the rate of decrease is expected to be substantially lower than the decrease in the first half of 2020 because prior year income significantly decreased between the first and the second halves of the year. Natural gas pricing declines and reduced business activity due to the COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in higher-than-average natural gas inventory market levels. A sustained decline in natural gas prices could unfavorably affect the Company's outlook.

Decline rates for individual wells can vary due to factors like well depth, well length, formation pressure and facility design. In addition, royalty income can fluctuate favorably or unfavorably in response to a number of factors outside of the Company's control, including the number of wells being operated by third parties, fluctuations in commodity prices (primarily natural gas), fluctuations in production rates associated with operator decisions, regulatory risks, the Company's lessees' willingness and



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ability to incur well-development and other operating costs, and changes in the availability and continuing development of infrastructure.

Minerals Management capital expenditures are expected to total approximately $11 million in 2020 primarily for the acquisition of mineral interests and other investments.

Consolidated Outlook NACCO expects a significant decrease in full-year 2020 consolidated net income compared with 2019, primarily due to the substantial decrease in operating profit at Minerals Management in the first half of 2020, the anticipated reduction in earnings at the Coal Mining segment and the absence of $2.7 million pre-tax income associated with a prior India venture recorded in the third quarter of 2019. These items are expected to be partially offset by the recognition of a 2020 tax benefit as a result of the CARES Act and an improvement in earnings at the NAMining segment.

In 2020, cash flow before financing activities is expected to be a use of cash due to significant capital expenditures and payments made in the first half of the year related to deferred compensation and other payroll liabilities. Consolidated capital expenditures are expected to be approximately $47 million in 2020. Capital expenditures were approximately $13 million in the first half of 2020.

Significant uncertainties exist regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, including the extent of economic disruption it may cause in the future. While the Company's operations to date have not been materially affected by the pandemic, future developments, which are highly uncertain and unpredictable, could change the Company's status significantly and rapidly, and could have a material adverse effect on the Company's operations, supply chain and customers. The extent to which COVID-19 may adversely impact the Company depends on many factors, including but not limited to the extent of new outbreaks as communities reopen, the extent to which additional lockdowns may be needed, the nature of the government public health guidelines and the public's adherence to those guidelines, the success of businesses reopening, and the timing for proven treatments and vaccines for COVID-19. Even after the COVID-19 pandemic has subsided, the Company may experience material adverse effects due to a resulting decline in economic activity. Additionally, concerns over the economic impact of COVID-19 have caused extreme volatility in financial and other capital markets and may continue to adversely impact NACCO's stock price.

One of the Company's core strategies is to pursue activities which can strengthen the resiliency of its existing coal mining operations. The Company works to drive down coal production costs and maximize efficiencies and operating capacity at mine locations to help customers with management fee contracts be more competitive. This benefits both customers and the Company's Coal Mining segment, as fuel cost is the major driver for power plant dispatch. Increased power plant dispatch drives increased demand for coal by the Coal Mining segment's customers, just as lower dispatch reduces demand.

The Company continues to evaluate opportunities to expand its coal mining business, however opportunities are likely to be very limited. Low natural gas prices and growth in renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar, could continue to unfavorably affect the amount of electricity dispatched from coal-fired power plants. The political and regulatory environment is not generally receptive to development of new coal-fired power generation projects which would create opportunities to build and operate new coal mines. However, the Company does continue to seek out and pursue opportunities where it can apply its management fee business model to replace legacy operators of existing surface coal mining operations in the United States. Outright acquisitions of existing coal mines or mining companies with exposure to fluctuating coal commodity markets, or structures that would create significant leverage, are outside the Company's area of focus.

The Company is focused on building a strong portfolio of affiliated businesses for diversification. NAMining continues to expand the scope of its business development activities to grow and diversify by targeting potential customers who require a broad range of minerals and materials. NAMining also continues to leverage the Company's core mining skills to expand the range of contract mining services provided, in addition to providing comprehensive mining services to operate entire mines when appropriate, as is the case at the new lithium project in Nevada.

The Company's efforts to grow and diversify the Minerals Management segment includes evaluating acquisitions of additional mineral interests or similar investments in the energy industry. The Company's primary initial focus will be on diversifying acquisitions of mineral interests with a balance of near-term cash flow yields and upside potential from future development. During the second quarter of 2020, the Company's subsidiary, Catapult Mineral Partners, invested $2.0 million to acquire shares of a public company with a diversified portfolio of royalty producing mineral interests as part of this growth and diversification strategy. The recent dramatic downturn in petroleum prices provided an opportunity to make this investment at an attractive market multiple for a company with a conservative financial position, strong earnings potential and attractive historical dividend yield.



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Mitigation Resources of North America® was formed to create and sell stream and wetland mitigation credits and provide services to those engaged in permittee-responsible mitigation. This business has achieved several early successes and is positioned for additional growth.

The Company is leveraging its core mining skills to develop a strong and diverse portfolio of service-based businesses operating in the mining and natural resources industries. The Company is also committed to maintaining a conservative capital structure while it grows and diversifies without unnecessary risk. Ultimately, diversified strategic growth is the key to increasing free cash flow available to continue to re-invest in and expand the businesses. The Company also continues to maintain the highest levels of customer service and operational excellence, with an unwavering focus on safety and environmental stewardship.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

The statements contained in this Form 10-Q that are not historical facts are "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These forward-looking statements are made subject to certain risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those presented. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly revise these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that arise after the date hereof. Among the factors that could cause plans, actions and results to differ materially from current expectations are, without limitation: (1) changes to or termination of a long-term mining contract, or a customer default under a contract, including any actions taken related to Great River Energy's Coal Creek Station power plant, (2) the duration and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, any preventive or protective actions taken by governmental authorities, the effectiveness of actions taken globally to contain or mitigate its effects and any unfavorable effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company's suppliers' ability to provide products or replacement parts if the virus continues to spread or quarantines are reinstated, as well as other disruptions from natural or human causes, including severe weather, accidents, fires, earthquakes, terrorist acts, any of which could result in suspension of operations or harm to people or the environment, (3) changes in coal consumption patterns of U.S. electric power generators or the power industry that would affect demand for the Company's mineral reserves, (4) changes in tax laws or regulatory requirements, including changes in mining or power plant emission regulations and health, safety or environmental legislation, (5) changes in costs related to geological and geotechnical conditions, repairs and maintenance, new equipment and replacement parts, fuel or other similar items, (6) regulatory actions,



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changes in mining permit requirements or delays in obtaining mining permits that could affect deliveries to customers, (7) weather conditions, extended power plant outages, liquidity events or other events that would change the level of customers' coal or aggregates requirements, (8) weather or equipment problems that could affect deliveries to customers, (9) failure or delays by the Company's lessees in achieving expected production of natural gas and other hydrocarbons; the availability and cost of transportation and processing services in the areas where the Company's oil and gas reserves are located; federal and state legislative and regulatory initiatives relating to hydraulic fracturing; and the ability of lessees to obtain capital or financing needed for well development operations, (10) changes in the costs to reclaim mining areas, (11) costs to pursue and develop new mining and value-added service opportunities, (12) delays or reductions in coal or aggregates deliveries, (13) changes in the prices of hydrocarbons, particularly diesel fuel, natural gas and oil, and (14) increased competition, including consolidation within the coal and aggregates industries.

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