Cash flow Santos Limited

Equities

STO

AU000000STO6

Integrated Oil & Gas

Market Closed - Australian S.E. Other stock markets 02:10:26 2025-07-11 am EDT			5-day change	1st Jan Change
7.660 ^AUD	-0.91%		-0.26%	+14.67%

Jul. 10	Shares of Oil Producers Fall as OPEC Publishes 2025 World Oil Outlook	MT
Jul. 10	ASX Preview: Australian Shares Set to Rise Amid US Jobs Strength; Woodside Energy Group, Santos in Focus	MT

76238b78b663.C9BMhT1RolRpGmAZfn-KxhGhi0IELWCrtnd-CKv-UKU.YY8A92QO6iIZSCxDDA_JvnLG3RBRXSngwSE0b-2nEp1voAHPWRPDFyt7Cw

Published financial data: SANTOS LIMITED

Annual

Quarterly

Halfyear

YTD

LTM

Fiscal Period: December	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Revenues	3.39B	4.71B	7.79B	5.89B	5.38B
Total Revenues	3.39B	4.71B	7.79B	5.89B	5.38B
Cost of Goods Sold, Total	2.64B	2.98B	3.9B	3.67B	3.4B
Gross Profit	745M	1.73B	3.89B	2.22B	1.99B
Selling General & Admin Expenses, Total	93M	82M	158M	155M	154M
Exploration / Drilling Costs, Total	59M	126M	148M	86M	69M
Depreciation & Amortization - (IS)	1M	-	-	-	-
Impairment of Oil, Gas & Mineral Properties - (IS)	114M	8M	181M	75M	123M
Other Operating Expenses	-105M	195M	367M	128M	91M
Other Operating Expenses, Total	162M	411M	854M	444M	437M
Operating Income	583M	1.32B	3.04B	1.78B	1.55B
Interest Expense, Total	-196M	-167M	-202M	-158M	-101M
Interest And Investment Income	17M	6M	54M	106M	122M
Net Interest Expenses	-179M	-161M	-148M	-52M	21M
Income (Loss) On Equity Invest.	33M	25M	-16M	5M	2M
Currency Exchange Gains (Loss)	-13M	-3M	-22M	-15M	8M
Other Non Operating Income (Expenses)	38M	8M	215M	81M	117M
EBT, Excl. Unusual Items	462M	1.19B	3.06B	1.8B	1.7B
Restructuring Charges	-	-	-	-	-
Merger & Related Restructuring Charges	-	-34M	-	-	-
Impairment of Goodwill	-98M	-	-147M	-	-
Gain (Loss) On Sale Of Assets	-	10M	15M	5M	13M
Asset Writedown	-683M	-	-	-	-
Insurance Settlements	13M	40M	15M	17M	39M
EBT, Incl. Unusual Items	-306M	1.2B	2.95B	1.82B	1.75B
Income Tax Expense	51M	547M	836M	403M	485M
Earnings From Continuing Operations	-357M	658M	2.11B	1.42B	1.26B
Net Income to Company	-357M	658M	2.11B	1.42B	1.26B
Minority Interest	-	-	-	-	-40M
Net Income - (IS)	-357M	658M	2.11B	1.42B	1.22B
Net Income to Common Incl Extra Items	-357M	658M	2.11B	1.42B	1.22B
Net Income to Common Excl. Extra Items	-357M	658M	2.11B	1.42B	1.22B
Per Share Items
Net EPS - Basic	-0.17	0.31	0.63	0.43	0.38
Basic EPS - Continuing Operations	-0.17	0.31	0.63	0.43	0.38
Basic Weighted Average Shares Outstanding	2.08B	2.13B	3.35B	3.26B	3.24B
Net EPS - Diluted	-0.17	0.31	0.63	0.43	0.38
Diluted EPS - Continuing Operations	-0.17	0.31	0.63	0.43	0.38
Diluted Weighted Average Shares Outstanding	2.08B	2.15B	3.36B	3.28B	3.25B
Normalized Basic EPS	0.14	0.35	0.57	0.34	0.32
Normalized Diluted EPS	0.14	0.35	0.57	0.34	0.31
Dividend Per Share	0.07	0.14	0.23	0.26	0.23
Payout Ratio	-38.1	33.59	25.38	54.87	80.96
American Depositary Receipts Ratio (ADR)	1	1	1	1	1
Supplemental Items
EBITDA	1.64B	2.49B	4.83B	3.58B	3.23B
EBITA	583M	1.32B	3.04B	1.78B	1.55B
EBIT	583M	1.32B	3.04B	1.78B	1.55B
EBITDAR	1.82B	2.74B	4.99B	3.86B	3.72B
Effective Tax Rate - (Ratio)	-16.67	45.39	28.36	22.16	27.73
Total Current Taxes	124M	416M	744M	574M	610M
Total Deferred Taxes	-73M	131M	92M	-171M	-125M
Normalized Net Income	289M	743M	1.92B	1.12B	1.02B
Interest Capitalized	29M	58M	139M	243M	344M
Interest on Long-Term Debt	17M	18M	36M	42M	45M
Non-Cash Pension Expense	-	-	-	-	-
Supplemental Operating Expense Items
Selling and Marketing Expenses	10M	10M	19M	23M	16M
General and Administrative Expenses	83M	72M	139M	132M	138M
Exploration/Drilling Costs	59M	126M	148M	86M	69M
Net Rental Expense, Total	180M	252M	157M	285M	494M
Imputed Operating Lease Interest Expense	68.79M	69.53M	63.13M	157M	274M
Imputed Operating Lease Depreciation	111M	182M	93.87M	128M	220M
Stock-Based Comp., Other (Total)	21M	31M	42M	25M	36M
Total Stock-Based Compensation	21M	31M	42M	25M	36M

Fiscal Period: December	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Assets
Cash And Equivalents	1.32B	2.98B	2.35B	1.88B	1.83B
Short Term Investments	-	-	55M	252M	-
Trading Asset Securities, Total	-	7M	-	-	-
Total Cash And Short Term Investments	1.32B	2.98B	2.41B	2.13B	1.83B
Accounts Receivable, Total	416M	745M	598M	559M	450M
Other Receivables	167M	250M	281M	373M	393M
Total Receivables	583M	995M	879M	932M	843M
Inventory	288M	406M	443M	442M	428M
Prepaid Expenses	39M	82M	70M	94M	77M
Other Current Assets, Total	467M	285M	1.33B	752M	5M
Total Current Assets	2.7B	4.75B	5.13B	4.35B	3.19B
Gross Property Plant And Equipment	29.48B	39.39B	40.2B	43.59B	46.51B
Accumulated Depreciation	-16.49B	-17.74B	-19.71B	-21.62B	-23.4B
Net Property Plant And Equipment	12.99B	21.65B	20.49B	21.97B	23.11B
Long-term Investments	436M	403M	379M	406M	393M
Goodwill	383M	1.46B	1.19B	1.25B	1.25B
Other Intangibles, Total	-	-	-	1M	15M
Accounts Receivable Long-Term	106M	297M	252M	179M	92M
Loans Receivable Long-Term	-	-	-	61M	-
Deferred Tax Assets Long-Term	1.04B	1.3B	1.11B	1.04B	1.02B
Other Long-Term Assets, Total	3M	149M	299M	502M	568M
Total Assets	17.66B	30.01B	28.86B	29.76B	29.63B
Liabilities
Accounts Payable, Total	365M	867M	805M	567M	459M
Accrued Expenses, Total	92M	99M	116M	105M	88M
Current Portion of Long-Term Debt	233M	889M	694M	646M	687M
Current Portion of Leases	121M	196M	244M	189M	200M
Current Income Taxes Payable	31M	211M	72M	7M	12M
Unearned Revenue Current, Total	64M	106M	135M	59M	79M
Other Current Liabilities	629M	643M	1.41B	1.38B	888M
Total Current Liabilities	1.54B	3.01B	3.47B	2.95B	2.41B
Long-Term Debt	4.31B	6.29B	3.98B	4.73B	5.18B
Long-Term Leases	336M	677M	602M	596M	621M
Unearned Revenue Non Current	281M	237M	160M	150M	139M
Pension & Other Post Retirement Benefits	7M	20M	18M	14M	17M
Deferred Tax Liability Non Current	904M	2.35B	1.96B	1.89B	1.8B
Other Non Current Liabilities	3.06B	3.82B	3.82B	4.15B	3.92B
Total Liabilities	10.43B	16.4B	14.01B	14.48B	14.1B
Common Stock, Total	9.01B	15.03B	14.65B	14.34B	14.34B
Retained Earnings	-865M	-419M	1.15B	1.79B	2.24B
Comprehensive Income and Other	-921M	-1B	-962M	-856M	-1.05B
Total Common Equity	7.23B	13.61B	14.84B	15.28B	15.54B
Total Equity	7.23B	13.61B	14.84B	15.28B	15.54B
Total Liabilities And Equity	17.66B	30.01B	28.86B	29.76B	29.63B
Supplemental Items
ECS Total Shares Outstanding on Filing Date	2.08B	3.38B	3.3B	3.24B	3.24B
ECS Total Common Shares Outstanding	2.08B	3.38B	3.3B	3.24B	3.24B
Book Value / Share	3.48	4.03	4.49	4.72	4.8
Tangible Book Value	6.84B	12.15B	13.65B	14.02B	14.27B
Tangible Book Value Per Share	3.3	3.6	4.13	4.33	4.4
Total Debt	5B	8.05B	5.52B	6.16B	6.69B
Net Debt	3.68B	5.07B	3.11B	4.03B	4.86B
Debt Equivalent Oper. Leases	1.44B	2.02B	1.26B	2.28B	3.95B
Equity Method Investments, Total	413M	399M	379M	406M	393M
Account Code - Inventory Valuation	6	6	6	6	6
Inventories - Finished Goods, Total	156M	180M	192M	165M	140M
Inventories - Others	132M	226M	251M	277M	288M
Land - (BS)	248M	388M	413M	409M	425M
Full Time Employees	2.72K	3.79K	3.55K	3.86K	3.96K

Fiscal Period: December	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Net Income	-357M	658M	2.11B	1.42B	1.22B
Depreciation & Amortization - CF	1.02B	1.24B	1.75B	1.86B	1.68B
Impairment of Oil, Gas & Mineral Properties - (CF)	114M	8M	181M	75M	123M
Depreciation & Amortization, Total	1.13B	1.25B	1.93B	1.93B	1.8B
(Gain) Loss From Sale Of Asset	-	-10M	-15M	-5M	-13M
Asset Writedown & Restructuring Costs	781M	-	147M	-	-
(Income) Loss On Equity Investments - (CF)	-33M	-25M	16M	-5M	-2M
Stock-Based Compensation (CF)	21M	31M	42M	25M	36M
Other Operating Activities, Total	60M	67M	377M	176M	160M
Change In Accounts Receivable	-30M	98M	92M	-61M	100M
Change In Inventories	8M	28M	-47M	1M	14M
Change In Accounts Payable	-102M	2M	49M	-38M	-72M
Change In Income Taxes	-30M	63M	-144M	-65M	5M
Change In Deferred Taxes	-72M	108M	50M	9M	-68M
Change in Other Net Operating Assets	101M	1M	-49M	-128M	-336M
Cash from Operations	1.48B	2.27B	4.56B	3.26B	2.85B
Capital Expenditure	-770M	-1.1B	-1.71B	-2.37B	-2.4B
Sale of Property, Plant, and Equipment	-	186M	302M	10M	6M
Cash Acquisitions	-714M	838M	-125M	-212M	-27M
Divestitures	-	-	-	-	-
Investment in Marketable and Equity Securities, Total	63M	-	-	-	-
Other Investing Activities, Total	-40M	-58M	-139M	-325M	-263M
Cash from Investing	-1.46B	-137M	-1.67B	-2.9B	-2.68B
Long-Term Debt Issued, Total	1.49B	996M	800M	1.29B	1.14B
Total Debt Issued	1.49B	996M	800M	1.29B	1.14B
Long-Term Debt Repaid, Total	-1.08B	-1.21B	-3.24B	-1.02B	-921M
Total Debt Repaid	-1.08B	-1.21B	-3.24B	-1.02B	-921M
Issuance of Common Stock	-	-	-	-	-
Repurchase of Common Stock	-31M	-43M	-420M	-338M	-15M
Common Dividends Paid	-136M	-221M	-536M	-777M	-991M
Common & Preferred Stock Dividends Paid	-136M	-221M	-536M	-777M	-991M
Other Financing Activities, Total	-	-	-	-15M	586M
Cash from Financing	246M	-481M	-3.4B	-860M	-206M
Foreign Exchange Rate Adjustments	-9M	3M	-34M	-21M	-37M
Miscellaneous Cash Flow Adjustments	-	-	-78M	42M	36M
Net Change in Cash	252M	1.66B	-624M	-477M	-42M
Supplemental Items
Cash Interest Paid	205M	241M	330M	375M	439M
Cash Income Tax Paid (Refund)	5M	115M	529M	428M	438M
Levered Free Cash Flow	530M	1.25B	1.69B	682M	622M
Unlevered Free Cash Flow	652M	1.36B	1.82B	780M	685M
Change In Net Working Capital	92M	-354M	345M	-80M	-280M
Net Debt Issued / Repaid	413M	-217M	-2.44B	270M	214M

Fiscal Period: December	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Profitability
Return on Assets	2.13	3.46	6.45	3.79	3.26
Return on Total Capital	3	4.87	9.03	5.32	4.43
Return On Equity %	-4.79	6.32	14.85	9.4	8.2
Return on Common Equity	-4.79	6.32	14.85	9.4	7.94
Margin Analysis
Gross Profit Margin %	22	36.73	49.94	37.73	36.91
SG&A Margin	2.75	1.74	2.03	2.63	2.86
EBITDA Margin %	48.27	52.75	62.04	60.77	59.95
EBITA Margin %	17.21	28.01	38.97	30.19	28.79
EBIT Margin %	17.21	28.01	38.97	30.19	28.79
Income From Continuing Operations Margin %	-10.54	13.96	27.11	24.04	23.49
Net Income Margin %	-10.54	13.96	27.11	24.04	22.75
Net Avail. For Common Margin %	-10.54	13.96	27.11	24.04	22.75
Normalized Net Income Margin	8.53	15.77	24.59	19.07	18.97
Levered Free Cash Flow Margin	15.64	26.6	21.68	11.57	11.56
Unlevered Free Cash Flow Margin	19.26	28.81	23.31	13.25	12.73
Asset Turnover
Asset Turnover	0.2	0.2	0.26	0.2	0.18
Fixed Assets Turnover	0.26	0.27	0.37	0.28	0.24
Receivables Turnover (Average Receivables)	8.61	8.12	11.6	10.18	10.67
Inventory Turnover (Average Inventory)	8.97	8.59	9.19	8.29	7.8
Short Term Liquidity
Current Ratio	1.76	1.58	1.48	1.47	1.32
Quick Ratio	1.24	1.32	0.95	1.04	1.11
Operating Cash Flow to Current Liabilities	0.96	0.75	1.31	1.11	1.18
Days Sales Outstanding (Average Receivables)	42.52	44.96	31.46	35.86	34.31
Days Outstanding Inventory (Average Inventory)	40.8	42.47	39.73	44.04	46.9
Average Days Payable Outstanding	60.7	72.53	77.51	68.3	55.53
Cash Conversion Cycle (Average Days)	22.62	14.9	-6.31	11.6	25.68
Long Term Solvency
Total Debt/Equity	69.17	59.14	37.18	40.32	43.05
Total Debt / Total Capital	40.89	37.16	27.1	28.73	30.09
LT Debt/Equity	64.27	51.17	30.86	34.85	37.34
Long-Term Debt / Total Capital	37.99	32.15	22.5	24.84	26.1
Total Liabilities / Total Assets	59.07	54.65	48.56	48.67	47.57
EBIT / Interest Expense	2.97	7.9	15.03	11.25	15.34
EBITDA / Interest Expense	8.73	15.4	24.57	23.49	33.18
(EBITDA - Capex) / Interest Expense	4.81	8.79	16.12	8.49	9.41
Total Debt / EBITDA	2.92	3.13	1.11	1.66	2
Net Debt / EBITDA	2.15	1.97	0.63	1.09	1.45
Total Debt / (EBITDA - Capex)	5.31	5.48	1.69	4.59	7.04
Net Debt / (EBITDA - Capex)	3.91	3.45	0.96	3	5.11
Growth Over Prior Year
Total Revenues, 1 Yr. Growth %	-16.02	39.15	65.29	-24.4	-8.63
Gross Profit, 1 Yr. Growth %	-43.52	132.35	124.73	-42.88	-10.62
EBITDA, 1 Yr. Growth %	-25.58	54.7	99.13	-24.38	-7.67
EBITA, 1 Yr. Growth %	-48.68	126.42	131.05	-41.44	-12.88
EBIT, 1 Yr. Growth %	-48.68	126.42	131.05	-41.44	-12.88
Earnings From Cont. Operations, 1 Yr. Growth %	-152.97	-284.31	220.97	-32.95	-10.73
Net Income, 1 Yr. Growth %	-152.97	-284.31	220.97	-32.95	-13.56
Normalized Net Income, 1 Yr. Growth %	-52.76	157.36	165.37	-41.37	-9.13
Diluted EPS Before Extra, 1 Yr. Growth %	-153.39	-278.55	105.23	-31.21	-12.96
Accounts Receivable, 1 Yr. Growth %	12.13	79.09	-19.73	-6.52	-19.5
Inventory, 1 Yr. Growth %	-4.32	40.97	9.11	-0.23	-3.17
Net Property, Plant and Equip., 1 Yr. Growth %	1.44	66.63	-5.33	7.21	5.19
Total Assets, 1 Yr. Growth %	6.95	69.96	-3.84	3.12	-0.41
Tangible Book Value, 1 Yr. Growth %	-4.88	77.48	12.4	2.72	1.77
Common Equity, 1 Yr. Growth %	-5.85	88.32	9.06	2.91	1.72
Cash From Operations, 1 Yr. Growth %	-27.86	53.93	100.62	-28.52	-12.52
Capital Expenditures, 1 Yr. Growth %	-12.2	43.25	54.76	38.78	1.35
Levered Free Cash Flow, 1 Yr. Growth %	-20.91	136.59	35.15	-59.66	-8.73
Unlevered Free Cash Flow, 1 Yr. Growth %	-20.62	108.16	34.06	-57.02	-12.19
Dividend Per Share, 1 Yr. Growth %	-35.45	97.18	62.14	15.42	-11.07
Compound Annual Growth Rate Over Two Years
Total Revenues, 2 Yr. CAGR %	-3.8	8.1	51.66	11.78	-16.89
Gross Profit, 2 Yr. CAGR %	-25.18	14.56	128.51	13.3	-28.55
EBITDA, 2 Yr. CAGR %	-4.24	6.37	73.42	21.44	-17.44
EBITA, 2 Yr. CAGR %	-25.94	7.79	128.2	16.32	-28.57
EBIT, 2 Yr. CAGR %	-25.94	7.79	128.2	16.32	-28.57
Earnings From Cont. Operations, 2 Yr. CAGR %	-24.72	-1.19	143.23	46.7	-22.64
Net Income, 2 Yr. CAGR %	-24.72	-1.19	143.23	46.7	-23.87
Normalized Net Income, 2 Yr. CAGR %	-33.29	10.26	157.57	24.73	-27.01
Diluted EPS Before Extra, 2 Yr. CAGR %	-24.42	-2.36	91.42	18.82	-22.62
Accounts Receivable, 2 Yr. CAGR %	2.49	41.71	19.9	-13.38	-13.25
Inventory, 2 Yr. CAGR %	0	16.14	24.02	4.34	-1.71
Net Property, Plant and Equip., 2 Yr. CAGR %	2.43	30.01	25.6	0.75	6.2
Total Assets, 2 Yr. CAGR %	2.48	34.82	27.84	-0.42	1.34
Tangible Book Value, 2 Yr. CAGR %	0.34	29.93	41.24	7.45	2.24
Common Equity, 2 Yr. CAGR %	-0.36	33.16	43.31	5.94	2.31
Cash From Operations, 2 Yr. CAGR %	-3.29	5.38	75.73	19.75	-20.93
Capital Expenditures, 2 Yr. CAGR %	15.62	12.15	48.89	46.55	18.6
Levered Free Cash Flow, 2 Yr. CAGR %	-10.98	36.79	78.55	-26.16	-39.32
Unlevered Free Cash Flow, 2 Yr. CAGR %	-9.76	28.55	66.82	-24.1	-38.57
Dividend Per Share, 2 Yr. CAGR %	-14.45	12.82	78.81	36.8	1.31
Compound Annual Growth Rate Over Three Years
Total Revenues, 3 Yr. CAGR %	3	8.79	24.54	20.25	4.52
Gross Profit, 3 Yr. CAGR %	-2.22	9.15	43.41	43.94	4.69
EBITDA, 3 Yr. CAGR %	6.94	11.72	30.06	30.59	9.95
EBITA, 3 Yr. CAGR %	20.52	7.48	38.77	45.02	5.64
EBIT, 3 Yr. CAGR %	20.52	7.48	38.77	45.02	5.64
Earnings From Cont. Operations, 3 Yr. CAGR %	-0.28	1.46	46.33	58.29	24.31
Net Income, 3 Yr. CAGR %	-0.28	1.46	46.33	58.29	22.98
Normalized Net Income, 3 Yr. CAGR %	-11.16	4.63	46.34	57.27	12.24
Diluted EPS Before Extra, 3 Yr. CAGR %	-0.35	0.66	25.07	36.09	7.11
Accounts Receivable, 3 Yr. CAGR %	7.59	23.45	17.25	10.35	-15.47
Inventory, 3 Yr. CAGR %	2.68	12.13	13.75	15.35	1.77
Net Property, Plant and Equip., 3 Yr. CAGR %	8.68	20.46	16.97	19.14	2.21
Total Assets, 3 Yr. CAGR %	8.81	21.31	20.46	19	-0.42
Tangible Book Value, 3 Yr. CAGR %	-1.45	21.35	23.8	27.01	5.52
Common Equity, 3 Yr. CAGR %	0.35	23.2	24.58	28.33	4.51
Cash From Operations, 3 Yr. CAGR %	5.75	12.92	30.6	30.2	7.85
Capital Expenditures, 3 Yr. CAGR %	4.08	24.18	24.86	45.44	29.6
Levered Free Cash Flow, 3 Yr. CAGR %	8.26	23.31	36.11	8.75	-20.75
Unlevered Free Cash Flow, 3 Yr. CAGR %	4.4	19.24	30.24	6.15	-20.32
Dividend Per Share, 3 Yr. CAGR %	-	13.01	27.31	54.53	18.51
Compound Annual Growth Rate Over Five Years
Total Revenues, 5 Yr. CAGR %	6.76	12.68	20.24	9.98	5.94
Gross Profit, 5 Yr. CAGR %	5.91	31.45	37.31	10.79	8.53
EBITDA, 5 Yr. CAGR %	10.33	84.91	29.31	14.95	7.99
EBITA, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-13.43	-1.63	55.59	10.84	6.4
EBIT, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-13.43	-1.63	55.59	10.84	6.4
Earnings From Cont. Operations, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-28.81	-8.87	42.46	17.58	13.4
Net Income, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-28.81	-8.87	42.46	17.58	12.67
Normalized Net Income, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-16.74	-4.63	35.99	11.6	10.8
Diluted EPS Before Extra, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-36.77	-12.08	29.39	7.57	3.21
Accounts Receivable, 5 Yr. CAGR %	10.9	22.6	12.35	7.14	3.94
Inventory, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-4.36	4.81	10.74	8.94	7.29
Net Property, Plant and Equip., 5 Yr. CAGR %	-0.17	14.44	15.15	12.15	12.53
Total Assets, 5 Yr. CAGR %	2.05	14.48	16.06	12.1	12.41
Tangible Book Value, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-1.61	11.4	13.81	15.58	14.68
Common Equity, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-0.53	13.96	15.73	15.98	15.15
Cash From Operations, 5 Yr. CAGR %	12.72	22.02	29.57	15.6	6.85
Capital Expenditures, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-12.75	11.16	20.11	32.69	22.31
Levered Free Cash Flow, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-10.46	28.78	32.25	0.38	-1.47
Unlevered Free Cash Flow, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-4.25	21.48	25.93	-0.53	-3.57
Dividend Per Share, 5 Yr. CAGR %	-13.89	-	-	21.98	16.2