Brian Langenfeld

Massachusetts Financial Services Co., do-business-as MFS Investment Management (MFS), is a SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm was founded in 1924 and is a subsidiary of Sun Life of Canada (US) Financial Services Holdings, Inc., ultimately held by Sun Life Financial, Inc. (TSE, NYSE: SLF) in Canada. The firm provides investment advisory and sub-advisory services to a range of institutional clients and pooled investment vehicles. MFS is a responsible investor and signatory to the UN Principles for Responsible Investment (UNPRI).

MFS Charter Income Trust operates as a closed-end management investment trust. It invests its assets primarily in debt instruments. The company was founded on July 20, 1989 and is headquartered in Boston, MA.

MFS Government Markets Income Trust is a closed-end management investment trust. Its assets include borrowings for investment purposes, in U.S. and foreign government securities. The fund portfolio may also provide investment grade quality debt instruments, including fund's assets in U.S., foreign and emerging market securities. The company was founded on May 28, 1987 and is headquartered in Boston, MA.

MFS Intermediate Income Trust is a closed-end investment fund/investment trust. The Trust's investment objective is to seek high current income, but may also consider capital appreciation. The company was founded on December 30, 1987 and is headquartered in Boston, MA.

MFS Multimarket Income Trust operates as a closed-end Investment Fund/Investment Trust. The firm’s portfolio includes high yield corporate, high grade corporate, non-United States Government bonds, emerging markets bonds and mortgage-backed securities. It also includes United States Treasury securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities, floating rate loans, asset-backed securities, United States Government agencies, residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized debt obligations. The company was founded in 1987 and is headquartered in Boston, MA.

MFS Municipal Income Trust is a closed-end investment fund/investment trust. The company’s investment objective is to seek high current income, but may also consider capital appreciation. Its portfolio includes high yield corporate, high grade corporate, non-United States government bonds, emerging markets bonds, mortgage-backed securities, United States treasury securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities, floating rate loans, asset-backed securities, United States government agencies, residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized debt obligations. The company is headquartered in Boston, MA.

MFS Special Value Trust operates as closed-end investment company. Its investment objective is to seek high current income, but may also consider capital appreciation by investing in debt instruments rated below investment grade and in foreign securities. The company was founded on November 17, 1989 and is headquartered in Boston, MA.

John Hancock Investment Management LLC (JHIM) is a fund-of-funds manager headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm was founded in 2002 and is a subsidiary of John Hancock Subsidiaries LLC, ultimately owned by Manulife Financial Corp. (TSX; NYSE: MFC) in Canada. JHIM provides discretionary investment advisory services as a “manager of managers” to certain open-end and closed-end registered investment companies, such as exchange-traded funds, in the John Hancock family of funds, that are offered to retail investors and, in the case of certain funds, are included as investments in model portfolios created by JHIM or one of its affiliates.

MFS High Income Municipal Trust is a closed-end management investment company. Its objective is to seek high current income exempt from federal income tax, but may also consider capital appreciation. The company was founded on January 9, 1989 and is headquartered in Boston, MA.