Halloumi has a Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) status, meaning that only approved producers from Cyprus can market the cheese under that name. But official product specifications has triggered a backlash from the Cypriot dairy industry.
Authorities say the cheese should be manufactured with a blend of cow, ewe and goat milk, gradually displacing cow's milk which had in recent years been the dominant ingredient.
In a judgement posted on its website, the General Court of the EU dismissed a petition to strip Halloumi of its PDO, petitioned by Cyprus cattle breeders and their affiliated dairy company.
The petition had argued that Cyprus submitted erroneous specifications on Halloumi ingredients in applying for a PDO in 2014.
Known for its versatility, the soft rubbery cheese can be eaten raw, grilled, boiled or fried without losing its shape. It is the island's largest export after pharmaceuticals.
Halloumi won a PDO from the EU in 2021. Under product specifications, Cyprus intends to gradually increase the amount of ewe and goat's milk in the mix to equal that of cow's milk.
This move has sparked fierce debate from industry stakeholders who say ewe and goat's milk is highly seasonal, and could therefore have an impact on production capacity.
"We don't want our exports to fall, its one of our top exports but this (specifications) will cause problems in production," said Nicos Papakypriakou, general manager of the Cyprus Cattlebreeders Association.
At present 10% ewe and goat milk goes into the mix. When authorities decreed a rise to 19% last October, cheesemakers threatened to shut their dairies as there was not enough milk available to sustain unhindered production of all dairy products.
(Reporting by Michele Kambas, Editing by Timothy Heritage)
