Item 8.01 Other Events.
Determination of Estimated Per Share NAV
Overview
Based on the recommendation from the audit committee (the "Audit Committee") comprised solely of independent directors of the Company, the Company's board of directors (the "Board") unanimously approved and established an estimated per share net asset value ("NAV") of the Company's common stock of$6.57 based on an estimated market value of the Company's assets less the estimated market value of the Company's liabilities, divided by the total number of shares outstanding, as ofSeptember 30, 2022 . The Company is providing this updated estimated per share NAV to assist broker-dealers in meeting their customer account statement reporting obligations under Financial Industry Regulatory Authority Rule 2231. The updated estimated per share NAV will first appear on stockholder account statements for the quarter endingDecember 31, 2022 . The Board previously determined an estimated per share NAV of the Company's common stock of$7.20 as ofMarch 31, 2021 . As a result of the updated estimated per share NAV as ofSeptember 30, 2022 , commencing onDecember 21, 2022 , shares of common stock will be issued in the Company's distribution reinvestment plan ("DRIP") for$6.57 per share. Additionally, commencing onDecember 21, 2022 , the updated estimated per share NAV of$6.57 shall serve as the most recent estimated per share NAV for purposes of the Company's share redemption program.
Process
In determining the estimated per share NAV, the Board considered information and analysis including valuation materials that were provided byKroll, LLC ("Kroll"), information provided by the Company's manager,CIM Real Estate Finance Management, LLC ("CMFT Management"), and the estimated per share NAV recommendation made by the Audit Committee. Kroll is an independent global valuation advisory and corporate finance consulting firm that specializes in providing real estate valuation services. Kroll was engaged by the Company to provide valuation services, as further described below, to assist the Board in determining the updated per share NAV as ofSeptember 30, 2022 . The engagement of Kroll was unanimously approved by the Audit Committee, consisting entirely of independent directors, in accordance with its charter. Kroll's scope of work was conducted in conformity with the requirements of the Code of Professional Ethics and Standards of Professional Practice of theAppraisal Institute . Several members of the Kroll engagement team who certified the methodologies and assumptions applied by the Company hold a Member ofAppraisal Institute ("MAI") designation. InSeptember 2022 , Kroll was engaged by the Company to provide assistance to the Board with establishing the updated estimated per share NAV of the Company as ofSeptember 30, 2022 . Kroll (which was formerly known asDuff & Phelps, LLC ) was previously engaged by the Company inJuly 2015 ,July 2016 ,December 2016 ,December 2017 ,December 2018 ,December 2019 ,April 2020 , andJanuary 2021 to assist the Board in determining the estimated per share NAV of the Company. Kroll had also been engaged by each ofCole Credit Property Trust V, Inc. ("CCPT V") and Cole Office & Industrial REIT (CCIT III), Inc. ("CCIT III"), which were acquired by the Company inDecember 2020 , to assist their respective board of directors in determining their estimated per share NAV, including by CCPT V inJanuary 2016 , December of 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019 and inApril 2020 , and by CCIT III inApril 2020 . InSeptember 2020 , Kroll was engaged by the Company to provide assistance with (1) the purchase price allocation related to the mergers of CCIT III and CCPT V into the Company, (2) the valuation of the Company's condominium units acquired via foreclosure, and (3) the valuation of the Company's commercial mortgage-backed securities. Other than the engagements with CCPT V and CCIT III and the prior engagements with the Company as described herein, Kroll does not have any direct interests in any transaction with the Company or the Company's manager or its affiliates, and has not performed any other services for the Company or the Company's manager or its affiliates during the past two years. The analysis provided by Kroll included a range of NAVs of the Company's shares, and the Board believes that the use of the "NAV Methodology," as discussed below, as the primary or sole indicator of value has become widely accepted as a best practice in the valuation of non-listed REIT shares, and therefore the Board determined to use the NAV Methodology in establishing the estimated per share NAV. Based on these considerations, the Audit Committee recommended and the Board established an estimated per share NAV of the Company's common stock, as ofSeptember 30, 2022 , of$6.57 per share, which was the approximate mid-point of the$6.47 to$6.68 per share valuation range calculated by Kroll using the NAV Methodology. The valuation was performed in accordance with the provisions of theInstitute for Portfolio Alternatives Guideline 2013-01, Valuations of Publicly Registered Non-Listed REITs. The Board is ultimately and solely responsible for the establishment of the estimated per share NAV. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Valuation Methodology
In preparing its valuation materials and in reaching its conclusions as to the reasonableness of the methodologies and assumptions used by the Company to value its assets, Kroll, among other things:
•reviewed financial and operating information requested from, or provided by, the Company, including property level cash flow projections for each of the properties;
•researched the market by means of publications and other resources to measure current market conditions, supply and demand factors, and growth patterns and their effect on each of the subject properties;
•reviewed all other assets and liabilities of the Company, including loans-held-for-investment and mortgage debt, to determine the reasonableness of fair value of such items as of the valuation date;
•discussed the valuations and related adjustments with the relevant members of the Company's real estate management and transaction teams to understand the Company's expectations and intent with respect to each of the properties; and
•performed such other analyses and studies, and considered such other factors, as Kroll considered appropriate.
Kroll utilized two approaches pursuant to the NAV Methodology in valuing the Company's real estate assets that are commonly used in the commercial real estate industry. The following is a summary of the NAV Methodology and the valuation approaches used by Kroll.
NAV Methodology - The NAV Methodology determines the value of the Company by determining the estimated market value of the Company's entity level assets, including real estate assets and loan investments, and subtracting the market value of its entity level liabilities, including its debt. The materials provided by Kroll to estimate the value of the real estate assets were prepared using discrete estimations of "as is" market valuations for each of the properties in the Company's portfolio using the income capitalization approach as the primary indicator of value and the sales comparison approach as a secondary approach to value, as discussed in greater detail below. From the aggregate values of the individual properties, Kroll made adjustments to reflect balance sheet assets and liabilities. Kroll also reviewed the Company's methodology for estimating fair market value of the loan investments and debt and determined that such methodology was reasonable. The resulting amount, which is the estimated NAV of the Company, is divided by the number of shares of common stock outstanding to determine the estimated per share NAV.
Determination of Estimated Market Value of the Company's Real Estate Assets Under the NAV Methodology
Income Capitalization Approach - The income capitalization approach simulates the reasoning of an investor who views the cash flows that would result from the anticipated revenue and expense on a property throughout its lifetime. The net operating income ("NOI") developed in Kroll's analysis is the balance of potential income remaining after vacancy, collection loss and operating expenses. This NOI was then capitalized at an appropriate rate to derive an estimate of value (the "Direct Capitalization Method") or discounted by an appropriate yield rate over a typical projection period in a discounted cash flow analysis (the "DCF Method"). Thus, two key steps were involved: (1) estimating the NOI applicable to the subject property and (2) choosing appropriate capitalization rates and discount rates. Kroll utilized the Direct Capitalization Method for all of the single-tenant properties in the Company's portfolio with greater than eight years of remaining lease term, or with fewer than eight years of remaining lease term but significantly below market fixed rate options that would extend the lease term, and the DCF Method for the properties that are either vacant or with fewer than eight years of remaining lease term that are not expected to exercise a renewal option. Properties that were subject to a sale are held at the disposition sale price.
The following summarizes the range of capitalization rates Kroll used to arrive at the estimated market values of the Company's properties that were valued using the Direct Capitalization Method:
Range
Weighted-Average
Overall Capitalization Rate 4.50% - 9.00%
6.50%
The following summarizes the range of terminal capitalization rates, discount rates and implied overall capitalization rates Kroll used to arrive at the estimated market values of the Company's properties that were valued using the DCF Method: Range Weighted-Average Terminal Capitalization Rate 6.00% - 9.75% 7.87% Discount Rate 6.50% - 10.50% 8.68% Implied Overall Capitalization Rate 0.15% - 13.58% 9.18% -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Board believes that the assumptions employed by Kroll in the income capitalization approach are reasonable and within the ranges used for properties that are similar to the Company's properties and held by investors with similar expectations to the Company's investors. However, a change in the assumptions would impact the calculation of the value of the Company's investments in real estate. For example, assuming all other factors remain unchanged, an increase of 25 basis points in the capitalization rates determined for the properties valued using the Direct Capitalization Method, together with an increase of 25 basis points in the discount rates used for the properties valued using the DCF Method, would result in a decrease of$0.10 per share from the approximate mid-point of Kroll's valuation range, while a 25 basis point decrease in these rates would result in an increase of$0.11 per share from the approximate mid-point of the valuation range. Further, each of these assumptions could change by more than 25 basis points or not change at all. Sales Comparison Approach - The sales comparison approach estimates value based on what other purchasers and sellers in the market have agreed to as the price for comparable improved properties. This approach is based upon the principle of substitution, which states that the limits of prices, rents, and rates tend to be set by the prevailing prices, rents, and rates of equally desirable substitutes. Utilizing the NAV Methodology, including use of the two approaches to value the Company's real estate assets noted above, and dividing by the approximately 437.3 million shares of the Company's common stock outstanding onSeptember 30, 2022 , the estimated valuation range of real estate assets was$4.98 to$5.19 per share, which resulted in an overall estimated valuation range of$6.47 to$6.68 per share, with a base value or approximate mid-point of$6.57 . Kroll prepared and provided to the Company a report containing, among other information, a range of net asset values for the Company's common stock as ofSeptember 30, 2022 (the "Valuation Report"). OnDecember 19, 2022 , the Audit Committee conferred with Kroll regarding the methodologies and assumptions used in the Valuation Report, and discussed the Valuation Report and related issues with the Company's manager. In determining a recommended per share NAV, the Audit Committee considered the analysis provided by Kroll and the range of values Kroll determined, input from the Company's manager regarding the nature and characteristics of the real estate assets in the portfolio, the nature, characteristics and method of establishing the fair value of the Company's senior loan investments and other assets and general real estate market conditions. Based upon this information, the Audit Committee determined to recommend to the Board an estimated per share NAV of$6.57 for its common stock, which was the approximate mid-point of the range of values determined by Kroll. OnDecember 19, 2022 , the Board unanimously approved the Audit Committee's recommendation.
The table below sets forth the calculation of the Company's estimated per share
NAV as of
Estimated NAV Estimated Per Share NAV Investment in Real Estate Assets$ 2,221,301 $ 5.08 Loans held-for-investment, net (1) 4,001,767 9.15 Investment in unconsolidated entities 132,375 0.30 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 432,195 0.99 Other Assets 419,606 0.97 Total Assets 7,207,244 16.49 Repurchase Facilities, Notes Payable and Credit 4,269,981 9.77 Facilities Other Liabilities 64,791 0.15 . . . Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits. (d) Exhibits Exhibit No. Description 99.1 Consent of Kroll, LLC 104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within
the Inline XBRL document).
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