Core Scientific, Inc. (NASDAQ: CORZ), a leader in bitcoin mining and digital infrastructure for emerging high-value compute, reported its financial results for the fiscal fourth quarter and year ended December 31, 2023.

This press release features multimedia. View the full release here: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20240312355454/en/

Core Scientific is a leader in bitcoin mining and digital infrastructure for emerging high-value compute (Graphic: Business Wire)

Core Scientific is a leader in bitcoin mining and digital infrastructure for emerging high-value compute (Graphic: Business Wire)

Fiscal Fourth Quarter 2023 Compared to Fiscal Fourth Year 2022

  • Total revenue of $141.9 million, an increase of $20.7 million
  • Net loss of $195.7 million, an improvement of $239.2 million
  • Adjusted EBITDA of $57.5 million, an increase of $51.2 million

Fiscal Year 2023 Financial Highlights Compared to Fiscal Year 2022

  • Total revenue of $502.4 million, a decrease of $137.9 million
  • Net loss of $246.5 million, an improvement of $1.90 billion
  • Adjusted EBITDA of $170.0 million, an increase of $180.7 million

“In 2023, Core Scientific earned more self-mined bitcoin than any other listed miner in North America, positioning us for continued strong performance in 2024 based on current bitcoin prices and operating performance,” said Adam Sullivan, Core Scientific Chief Executive Officer. “We own and operate the largest bitcoin mining infrastructure in the industry in terms of operating megawatts, and we have demonstrated superior hash rate utilization. We have now emerged from our restructuring a stronger, more focused and more productive company with a plan for self-mining growth of more than 20 exahash.”

“We believe our growth plan and diversified platform give us the ability to refresh our fleet with more efficient miners, scale our business with favorable economics and position ourselves well for the upcoming halving and beyond,” Mr. Sullivan continued. “Coming off our strong operating performance in the fourth quarter, we have seen bitcoin prices rise and our self-mining operation continue to perform well as we are able to take advantage of excellent industry fundamentals.”

The Company has completed all 2024 payments for new bitcoin miners ordered for the current year and is accelerating the delivery and deployment of new Bitmain S21 miners. In addition, Core Scientific has improved financial results by rationalizing its hosting client base, instituting proceeds sharing contracts, reducing operating expenses and optimizing the location of miners in its data centers to increase profitability.

“Our strong momentum continued into 2024 as we recently announced the expansion of our hosting business with a strategic, long-term contract with CoreWeave, Inc., a leading specialized GPU cloud provider. While our continued focus remains squarely on bitcoin mining, this new contract broadens our revenue model to customers engaged in rapidly growing, high-performance computing supporting the rapid expansion of AI computing demands. More importantly, this contract enhances shareholder value,” added Mr. Sullivan. “We could not be more excited at this point in Core Scientific’s history, as we have secured a renewed opportunity to demonstrate the value of our platform and the strategic nature of our footprint to the future of high-value compute.”

Fiscal Fourth Quarter 2023 Financial Results (Compared to Fiscal Fourth Quarter 2022)

Total revenue of $141.9 million in the fiscal fourth quarter of 2023 increased by $20.7 million, or 17%, from $121.3 million for the same period in the prior year. The increase in total revenue was driven primarily by a $37.7 million increase in digital asset mining revenue due to new miners deployed in 2023 and the increase in the price of bitcoin, partially offset by a $12.9 million decrease in hosting revenue due primarily to the termination of contracts for several customers in the portfolio with less profitable hosting rates, and a $4.2 million decrease in equipment sales driven by the Company’s exit from the equipment sales business.

Cost of revenue of $102.6 million in the fiscal fourth quarter of 2023 decreased by $65.9 million, or 39%, from $168.5 million for the same period in the prior year. As a percentage of total revenue, cost of revenue totaled 72% and 139% for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The decrease in cost of revenue was primarily attributable to $37.6 million of decreased depreciation expense driven by a fiscal 2022 non-cash impairment adjustment to the depreciable base for the deployed self-mining units, $23.7 million of lower power costs, and $3.1 million of lower equipment sales costs due to our exit from the equipment sales business in 2022.

Total operating expenses of $30.0 million in fiscal fourth quarter 2023 decreased $12.6 million from total operating expenses of $42.6 million for the fiscal fourth quarter 2022. This decrease was due primarily to a $10.0 million decrease in advisor fees, a $4.3 million reduction in professional fees primarily related to investments made to support public company compliance and $3.1 million of lower bad debt expense, partially offset by a $1.6 million increase in corporate taxes due primarily to increased property taxes.

Net loss of $195.7 million in the fiscal fourth quarter 2023 improved $239.2 million from a net loss of $434.8 million for the same period in the prior year. This decrease was driven primarily by a $531.4 million non-cash impairment charge to property, plant and equipment recognized in the fiscal fourth quarter 2022, partially offset by an increase in Reorganization items, net of $310.3 million.

Adjusted EBITDA improved to $57.5 million in the fiscal fourth quarter 2023 compared to $6.3 million in the fiscal fourth quarter of 2022, an improvement of $51.2 million. This increase was driven by a $23.7 million decrease in power costs, a $20.7 million increase in total revenue, and the elimination of $3.1 million of cost of revenue associated with equipment sales.

Fiscal Year 2023 Financial Results (Compared to Fiscal Year 2022)

Total revenue of $502.4 million in fiscal year 2023 decreased by $137.9 million, or 22%, from $640.3 million for the same period in the prior year. The decrease in total revenue was driven primarily by a $82.8 million decrease due to the Company’s exit from the equipment sales business in fiscal year 2022, a decrease of $47.6 million in hosting revenue due primarily to the termination of contracts for several customers in the portfolio with less profitable hosting rates, and $7.5 million decrease in digital asset mining revenue driven primarily by increased mining difficulty associated with the growth in the global Bitcoin network hash rate in fiscal year 2023 relative to fiscal year 2022, partially offset by the increase in the number of mining units deployed in our self-mining fleet.

Cost of revenue of $378.9 million in fiscal year 2023 decreased by $253.0 million, or 40%, from $631.9 million for the same period in the prior year. As a percentage of total revenue, cost of revenue totaled 75% and 99% for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The decrease in cost of revenue was primarily attributable to $128.1 million of decreased depreciation expense driven by a fiscal 2022 non-cash impairment adjustment to the depreciable base for the deployed self-mining units, $67.1 million of lower equipment sales costs due to our exit from the equipment sales business in 2022, $41.8 million of lower power costs, and lower stock-based compensation of $20.7 million as the prior year included accelerated vesting of awards, as well as a decrease in equity awards granted during fiscal year 2023.

Total operating expenses of $108.1 million in fiscal year 2023 decreased $144.9 million from total operating expenses of $253.0 million for the same period in fiscal 2022. This decrease was primarily driven by lower stock-based compensation of $103.1 million, as the prior year included accelerated vesting of awards and a decrease in equity awards granted during the current fiscal year, $14.1 million of lower professional fees primarily related to investments made to support public company compliance, $10.0 million of lower advisor fees in the prior year and a $9.0 million decrease in bad debt expense.

Net loss of $246.5 million in fiscal year 2023 decreased by $1.90 billion, or 89%, from a net loss of $2.15 billion for the same period in the prior year. The decrease in net loss was primarily due to non-cash impairments totaling $1.88 billion which included a $1.06 billion impairment of goodwill and other intangibles, a $590.7 million impairment of property, plant and equipment in fiscal year 2022, as well as a $226.9 million decrease in impairment of digital assets year over year, an improvement in gross margin of $115.1 million, lower operating expenses of $144.9 million, partially offset by bankruptcy-related reorganization expenses of $191.1 million in 2023.

Adjusted EBITDA of $170.0 million in fiscal year 2023 increased by $180.7 million from $(10.7) million for the same period in the prior year. The increase was driven by lower non-cash impairments on digital assets of $226.9 million, the elimination of $67.1 million of cost of revenue associated with equipment sales, a $41.8 million decrease in power costs, a $30.0 million reduction in operating expenses, partially offset by a $137.9 million decrease in total revenue and a decrease in gain from sales of digital assets of $40.4 million.

CONFERENCE CALL AND LIVE WEBCAST

In conjunction with this release, Core Scientific, Inc. will host a conference call today, Tuesday, March 12, 2024, at 4:30 pm Eastern Time that will be webcast live. Adam Sullivan, Chief Executive Officer, Denise Sterling, Chief Financial Officer and Steven A. Gitlin, Senior Vice President Investor Relations, will host the call.

Investors may dial into the call by using the following telephone numbers, +1 833 470 1428 (U.S. toll free) and +1 404 975 4839 (U.S. local), and providing the Access Code 619354 five to ten minutes prior to the start time to allow for registration.

Investors with Internet access may listen to the live audio webcast via the Investor Relations page of the Core Scientific, Inc. website, http://investors.corescientific.com. Please allow 10 minutes prior to the call to download and install any necessary audio software. A replay of the audio webcast will be available for one year.

A supplementary investor presentation for the full fiscal year 2023 may be accessed at https://investors.corescientific.com/investors/events-and-presentations/default.aspx.

AUDIO REPLAY

An audio replay of the event will be archived on the Investor Relations section of the Company's website at http://investors.corescientific.com and via telephone by dialing +1 866 813 9403 (U.S. toll free), 1 (929) 458-6194 (U.S. local) or 44 (204) 525-0658 (international) and entering Access Code 426935.

ABOUT CORE SCIENTIFIC

Core Scientific is one of the largest bitcoin miners and hosting solutions providers for bitcoin mining in North America. Transforming energy into high-value compute with superior efficiency at scale, we employ our own large fleet of computers (“miners”) to earn bitcoin for our own account and provide hosting services for large bitcoin mining customers at our seven operational data centers in Georgia (2), Kentucky (1), North Carolina (1), North Dakota (1) and Texas (2). We derive the majority of our revenue from earning bitcoin for our own account (“self-mining”). To learn more, visit www.corescientific.com.

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This press release contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including but not limited to, statements regarding projections, estimates and forecasts of revenue and other financial and performance metrics, projections of market opportunity and expectations, the Company’s ability to scale and grow its business, source clean and renewable energy, the advantages and expected growth of the Company and the Company’s ability to source and retain talent. You can identify forward-looking statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. These statements may include words such as “aim,” “estimate,” “plan,” “project,” “forecast,” “goal,” “intend,” “will,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “seek,” “target” or other similar expressions that predict or indicate future events or trends or that are not statements of historical matters. All forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially, including: our ability to earn digital assets profitably and to attract customers for our hosting capabilities; our ability to maintain our competitive position as digital asset networks experience increases in total network hash rate; our ability to raise additional capital to continue our expansion efforts or other operations; our need for significant electric power and the limited availability of power resources; the potential failure in our critical systems, facilities or services we provide; the physical risks and regulatory changes relating to climate change; potential significant changes to the method of validating blockchain transactions; our vulnerability to physical security breaches, which could disrupt our operations; a potential slowdown in market and economic conditions, particularly those impacting the blockchain industry and the blockchain hosting market; the identification of material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting; price volatility of digital assets and bitcoin in particular; the “halving” of rewards available on the Bitcoin network, or the reduction of rewards on other networks, affecting our ability to generate revenue as our customers may not have an adequate incentive to continue mining and customers may cease mining operations altogether; the potential that insufficient awards from digital asset mining could disincentivize transaction processors from expending processing power on a particular network, which could negatively impact the utility of the network and further reduce the value of its digital assets; the requirements of our existing debt agreements for us to sell our digital assets earned from mining as they are received, preventing us from recognizing any gain from appreciation in the value of the digital assets we hold; potential changes in the interpretive positions of the SEC or its staff with respect to digital asset mining firms; the increasing likelihood that U.S. federal and state legislatures and regulatory agencies will enact laws and regulations to regulate digital assets and digital asset intermediaries; increasing scrutiny and changing expectations with respect to our ESG policies; the effectiveness of our compliance and risk management methods; the adequacy of our sources of recovery if the digital assets held by us are lost, stolen or destroyed due to third-party digital asset services; the effects of our emergence from bankruptcy on our financial results, business and business relationships; and our substantial level of indebtedness and our current liquidity constraints affecting our financial condition and ability to service our indebtedness. Any such forward-looking statements represent management’s estimates and beliefs as of the date of this press release. While we may elect to update such forward-looking statements at some point in the future, we disclaim any obligation to do so, even if subsequent events cause our views to change.

Although the Company believes that in making such forward-looking statements its expectations are based upon reasonable assumptions, such statements may be influenced by factors that could cause actual outcomes and results to be materially different from those projected. The Company cannot assure you that the assumptions upon which these statements are based will prove to have been correct. Additional important factors that may affect the Company’s business, results of operations and financial position are described from time to time in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and the Company’s other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The Company does not undertake any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required by applicable law.

Core Scientific, Inc. (Debtor-in-Possession)

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except par value)

(Unaudited)

 

 

December 31,

2023

 

December 31,

2022

Assets

 

 

 

Current Assets:

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

$

50,409

 

 

$

15,884

 

Restricted cash

 

19,300

 

 

 

36,356

 

Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $— and $8,724, respectively

 

1,001

 

 

 

234

 

Accounts receivable from related parties

 

 

 

 

23

 

Digital assets

 

2,284

 

 

 

724

 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

 

24,022

 

 

 

31,881

 

Total Current Assets

 

97,016

 

 

 

85,102

 

Property, plant and equipment, net

 

585,431

 

 

 

691,134

 

Operating lease right-of-use assets

 

7,844

 

 

 

20,430

 

Intangible assets, net

 

2,247

 

 

 

1,704

 

Other noncurrent assets

 

19,618

 

 

 

9,316

 

Total Assets

$

712,156

 

 

$

807,686

 

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Deficit

 

 

 

Current Liabilities:

 

 

 

Accounts payable

$

154,751

 

 

$

53,641

 

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

 

179,636

 

 

 

17,952

 

Operating lease liabilities, current portion

 

77

 

 

 

769

 

Deferred revenue

 

9,830

 

 

 

77,689

 

Deferred revenue from related parties

 

 

 

 

496

 

Finance lease liabilities, current portion

 

19,771

 

 

 

 

Notes payable, current portion

 

124,358

 

 

 

36,242

 

Total Current Liabilities

 

488,423

 

 

 

186,789

 

Finance lease liabilities, net of current portion

 

35,745

 

 

 

 

Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion

 

1,512

 

 

 

720

 

Notes payable, net of current portion

 

684,082

 

 

 

 

Other noncurrent liabilities

 

 

 

 

2,210

 

Total liabilities not subject to compromise

 

1,209,762

 

 

 

189,719

 

Liabilities subject to compromise

 

99,335

 

 

 

1,027,313

 

Total Liabilities

 

1,309,097

 

 

 

1,217,032

 

Commitments and contingencies

 

 

 

Stockholders’ Deficit:

 

 

 

Common stock; $0.00001 par value; 10,000,000 and 10,000,000 shares authorized at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively; 386,883 and 375,225 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively

 

36

 

 

 

36

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

1,823,260

 

 

 

1,764,368

 

Accumulated deficit

 

(2,420,237

)

 

 

(2,173,750

)

Total Stockholders’ Deficit

 

(596,941

)

 

 

(409,346

)

Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Deficit

$

712,156

 

 

$

807,686

 

Core Scientific, Inc. (Debtor-in-Possession)

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

 

 

Three Months Ended December 31,

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

2023

 

2022

 

2023

 

2022

Revenue:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Hosting revenue from customers

$

29,760

 

 

$

35,827

 

 

$

102,005

 

 

$

130,234

 

Hosting revenue from related parties

 

 

 

 

6,795

 

 

 

10,062

 

 

 

29,454

 

Equipment sales to customers

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

11,391

 

Equipment sales to related parties

 

 

 

 

4,169

 

 

 

 

 

 

71,438

 

Digital asset mining revenue

 

112,169

 

 

 

74,459

 

 

 

390,333

 

 

 

397,796

 

Total revenue

 

141,929

 

 

 

121,250

 

 

 

502,400

 

 

 

640,313

 

Cost of revenue:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cost of hosting services

 

23,058

 

 

 

49,867

 

 

 

87,245

 

 

 

169,717

 

Cost of equipment sales

 

 

 

 

3,121

 

 

 

 

 

 

67,114

 

Cost of digital asset mining

 

79,571

 

 

 

115,506

 

 

 

291,696

 

 

 

395,082

 

Total cost of revenue

 

102,629

 

 

 

168,494

 

 

 

378,941

 

 

 

631,913

 

Gross profit (loss)

 

39,300

 

 

 

(47,244

)

 

 

123,459

 

 

 

8,400

 

Gain from sales of digital assets

 

1,535

 

 

 

19,291

 

 

 

3,893

 

 

 

44,298

 

Impairment of digital assets

 

(1,542

)

 

 

(19,131

)

 

 

(4,406

)

 

 

(231,315

)

Change in fair value of derivative instruments

 

(3,918

)

 

 

 

 

 

(3,918

)

 

 

 

Impairment of goodwill and other intangibles

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1,059,265

)

Impairment of property, plant and equipment

 

 

 

 

(531,414

)

 

 

 

 

 

(590,673

)

Losses on exchange or disposal of property, plant and equipment

 

(1,442

)

 

 

(14,968

)

 

 

(1,956

)

 

 

(28,025

)

Operating expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Research and development

 

1,876

 

 

 

2,657

 

 

 

7,184

 

 

 

26,962

 

Sales and marketing

 

3,886

 

 

 

1,056

 

 

 

7,019

 

 

 

12,731

 

General and administrative

 

24,237

 

 

 

38,900

 

 

 

93,908

 

 

 

213,280

 

Total operating expenses

 

29,999

 

 

 

42,613

 

 

 

108,111

 

 

 

252,973

 

Operating income (loss)

 

3,934

 

 

 

(636,079

)

 

 

8,961

 

 

 

(2,109,553

)

Non-operating expenses, net:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Gain) loss on debt extinguishment

 

1,070

 

 

 

287

 

 

 

(20,065

)

 

 

287

 

Interest expense, net

 

83,921

 

 

 

22,092

 

 

 

86,238

 

 

 

96,826

 

Fair value adjustment on convertible notes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

186,853

 

Fair value adjustment on derivative warrant liabilities

 

 

 

 

(4,952

)

 

 

 

 

 

(37,937

)

Reorganization items, net

 

112,852

 

 

 

(197,405

)

 

 

191,122

 

 

 

(197,405

)

Other non-operating (income) expenses, net

 

1,448

 

 

 

235

 

 

 

(2,530

)

 

 

5,232

 

Total non-operating expense (income), net

 

199,291

 

 

 

(179,743

)

 

 

254,765

 

 

 

53,856

 

Loss before income taxes

 

(195,357

)

 

 

(456,336

)

 

 

(245,804

)

 

 

(2,163,409

)

Income tax expense (benefit)

 

336

 

 

 

(21,489

)

 

 

683

 

 

 

(17,091

)

Net loss

 

(195,693

)

 

 

(434,847

)

 

 

(246,487

)

 

 

(2,146,318

)

Net loss per share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

$

(0.51

)

 

$

(1.17

)

 

$

(0.65

)

 

$

(6.30

)

Diluted

$

(0.51

)

 

$

(1.17

)

 

$

(0.65

)

 

$

(6.30

)

Weighted average shares outstanding:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

385,074

 

 

 

371,357

 

 

 

379,863

 

 

 

340,647

 

Diluted

 

385,074

 

 

 

371,357

 

 

 

379,863

 

 

 

340,647

 

Core Scientific, Inc. (Debtor-in-Possession)

Segment Results

(in thousands, except percentages)

(Unaudited)

 

 

Three Months Ended December 31,

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

2023

 

2022

 

2023

 

2022

Hosting Segment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Hosting revenue

$

29,760

 

 

$

42,622

 

 

$

112,067

 

 

$

159,688

 

Equipment sales

 

 

 

 

4,169

 

 

 

 

 

 

82,829

 

Total revenue

 

29,760

 

 

 

46,791

 

 

 

112,067

 

 

 

242,517

 

Cost of revenue:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cost of hosting services

 

23,058

 

 

 

49,867

 

 

$

87,245

 

 

$

169,717

 

Cost of equipment sales

 

 

 

 

3,121

 

 

 

 

 

 

67,114

 

Total cost of revenue

$

23,058

 

 

$

52,988

 

 

$

87,245

 

 

$

236,831

 

Gross profit (loss)

$

6,702

 

 

$

(6,197

)

 

$

24,822

 

 

$

5,686

 

Gross margin1

 

23

%

 

 

(13

)%

 

 

22

%

 

 

2

%

Mining Segment

Digital asset mining revenue

$

112,169

 

 

$

74,459

 

 

$

390,333

 

 

$

397,796

 

Total revenue

 

112,169

 

 

 

74,459

 

 

 

390,333

 

 

 

397,796

 

Cost of revenue

 

79,571

 

 

 

115,506

 

 

 

291,696

 

 

 

395,082

 

Gross profit (loss)

$

32,598

 

 

$

(41,047

)

 

$

98,637

 

 

$

2,714

 

Gross margin1

 

29

%

 

 

(55

)%

 

 

25

%

 

 

1

%

Consolidated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consolidated total revenue

$

141,929

 

 

$

121,250

 

 

$

502,400

 

 

$

640,313

 

Consolidated cost of revenue

$

102,629

 

 

$

168,494

 

 

$

378,941

 

 

$

631,913

 

Consolidated gross profit (loss)

$

39,300

 

 

$

(47,244

)

 

$

123,459

 

 

$

8,400

 

Consolidated gross margin1

 

28

%

 

 

(39

)%

 

 

25

%

 

 

1

%

_______________

1 Gross margin is calculated as gross profit as a percentage of total revenue.

Core Scientific, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

(Unaudited)

 

Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure defined as our net income or (loss), adjusted to eliminate the effect of (i) interest income, interest expense, and other income (expense), net; (ii) provision for income taxes; (iii) depreciation and amortization; (iv) stock-based compensation expense; (v) restructuring charges; (vi) Reorganization items, net; (vii) unrealized changes in fair value of derivative instruments; and (viii) certain additional non-cash or non-recurring items, that do not reflect the performance of our ongoing business operations. For additional information, including the reconciliation of net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA, please refer to the table below. We believe Adjusted EBITDA is an important measure because it allows management, investors, and our Board of Directors to evaluate and compare our operating results, including our return on capital and operating efficiencies, from period-to-period by making the adjustments described above. In addition, it provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our results of operations, as well as provides a useful measure for period-to-period comparisons of our business, as it removes the effect of net interest expense, taxes, certain non-cash items, variable charges, and timing differences. Moreover, we have included Adjusted EBITDA in this earnings release because it is a key measurement used by our management internally to make operating decisions, including those related to operating expenses, evaluate performance, and perform strategic and financial planning.

 

The above items are excluded from our Adjusted EBITDA measure because these items are non-cash in nature or because the amount and timing of these items are not related to the current results of our core business operations which renders evaluation of our current performance, comparisons of performance between periods and comparisons of our current performance with our competitors less meaningful. However, you should be aware that when evaluating Adjusted EBITDA, we may incur future expenses similar to those excluded when calculating this measure. Our presentation of this measure should not be construed as an inference that its future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items. Further, this non-GAAP financial measure should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). We compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on GAAP results and using Adjusted EBITDA on a supplemental basis. Our computation of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures computed by other companies because not all companies calculate this measure in the same fashion. You should review the reconciliation of net loss to Adjusted EBITDA below and not rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business.

 

The following table reconciles the non-GAAP financial measure to the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial performance measure, which is net loss, for the periods presented (in thousands):

 

 

Three Months Ended December 31,

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

2023

 

2022

 

2023

 

20221,2

Reconciliation of Net loss to Adjusted EBITDA

(Unaudited)

Net loss

$

(195,693

)

 

$

(434,847

)

 

$

(246,487

)

 

$

(2,146,318

)

Adjustments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense, net

 

83,921

 

 

 

22,092

 

 

 

86,238

 

 

 

96,826

 

Income tax expense (benefit)

 

336

 

 

 

(21,489

)

 

 

683

 

 

 

(17,091

)

Depreciation and amortization

 

31,203

 

 

 

68,715

 

 

 

96,003

 

 

 

225,259

 

Amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets

 

(261

)

 

 

410

 

 

 

442

 

 

 

834

 

(Gain) loss on debt extinguishment

 

1,070

 

 

 

287

 

 

 

(20,065

)

 

 

287

 

Stock-based compensation expense3

 

17,478

 

 

 

16,346

 

 

 

58,892

 

 

 

182,894

 

Fair value adjustment on derivative warrant liabilities

 

 

 

 

(4,952

)

 

 

 

 

 

(37,937

)

Fair value adjustment on convertible notes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

186,853

 

Impairment of goodwill and other intangibles

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,059,265

 

Impairment of property, plant and equipment

 

 

 

 

531,414

 

 

 

 

 

 

590,673

 

Losses on exchange or disposal of property, plant and equipment

 

1,442

 

 

 

14,968

 

 

 

1,956

 

 

 

28,025

 

Gain on sale of intangible assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(5,904

)

Cash restructuring charges

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,320

 

Reorganization items, net

 

112,852

 

 

 

(197,405

)

 

 

191,122

 

 

 

(197,405

)

Fair value adjustment on acquired vendor liability

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

9,498

 

Equity line of credit expenses

 

 

 

 

237

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,668

 

Unrealized change in fair value of derivative instruments

 

2,262

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,262

 

 

 

 

Other non-operating (income) expenses, net

 

1,448

 

 

 

235

 

 

 

(2,530

)

 

 

5,232

 

Other items

 

1,474

 

 

 

10,300

 

 

 

1,474

 

 

 

5,276

 

Adjusted EBITDA

$

57,532

 

 

$

6,311

 

 

$

169,990

 

 

$

(10,745

)

 

1 Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified for consistency with the current year presentation.

2 Previously, the Company had held the bitcoin it earned as an investment for long-term appreciation. This strategy was outside our primary operations and the results of impairments and realized gains and losses had been excluded from adjusted EBITDA. With our current strategy of monetizing our bitcoin revenue soon after earning it and changes in accounting standards, Management is no longer excluding these amounts from its Adjusted EBITDA.

3 Includes $1.0 million of stock-based compensation that was provided in severance as part of restructuring charges incurred during the year ended December 31, 2022.

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