The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, and the other financial data included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. The following discussion should also be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements, and notes thereto, and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" ("MD&A") included in our 2021 Annual Report.
EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW
Our Company
We are a world-leading manufacturer and aftermarket service provider of comprehensive flow control systems. We develop and manufacture precision-engineered flow control equipment integral to the movement, control and protection of the flow of materials in our customers' critical processes. Our product portfolio of pumps, valves, seals, automation and aftermarket services supports global infrastructure industries, including oil and gas, chemical, power generation and water management, as well as general industrial markets where our products and services add value. Through our manufacturing platform and global network of Quick Response Centers ("QRCs"), we offer a broad array of aftermarket equipment services, such as installation, advanced diagnostics, repair and retrofitting. We currently employ approximately 15,000 employees in more than 50 countries. Our business model is significantly influenced by the capital and operating spending of global infrastructure industries for the placement of new products into service and aftermarket services for existing operations. The worldwide installed base of our products is an important source of aftermarket revenue, where products are relied upon to maximize operating time of many key industrial processes. We continue to invest significantly in our aftermarket strategy to provide local support to drive customer investments in our offerings and use of our services to replace or repair installed products. The aftermarket portion of our business also helps provide business stability during various economic periods. The aftermarket service and solutions business, which is primarily served by our network of 153 QRCs located around the globe, provides a variety of service offerings for our customers including spare parts, service solutions, product life cycle solutions and other value-added services. It is generally a higher margin business compared to our original equipment business and a key component of our business strategy.
Our operations are conducted through two business segments that are referenced throughout this MD&A:
•FPD designs and manufactures custom, highly-engineered pumps, pre-configured industrial pumps, pump systems, mechanical seals, auxiliary systems and replacement parts and related services; and
•FCD designs, manufactures and distributes a broad portfolio of engineered-to-order and configured-to-order isolation valves, control valves, valve automation products and related equipment.
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Our business segments share a focus on industrial flow control technology and have a number of common customers. These segments also have complementary product offerings and technologies that are often combined in applications that provide us a net competitive advantage. Our segments also benefit from our global footprint and our economies of scale in reducing administrative and overhead costs to serve customers more cost effectively. For example, our segments share leadership for operational support functions, such as sales, research and development, marketing and supply chain. The reputation of our product portfolio is built on more than 50 well-respected brand names such as Worthington, IDP,Valtek , Limitorque, Durco, Argus, Edward, Valbart and Durametallic, which we believe to be one of the most comprehensive in the industry. Our products and services are sold either directly or through designated channels to more than 10,000 companies, including some of the world's leading engineering, procurement and construction ("EPC") firms, original equipment manufacturers, distributors and end users. We continue to leverage our QRC network to be positioned as near to customers as possible for service and support in order to capture valuable aftermarket business. Along with maintaining the local capability to sell, install and service our equipment in remote regions, it is equally imperative to continuously improve our global operations. Despite headwinds caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, we continue to enhance our global supply chain capabilities to increase our ability to meet global customer demands and improve the quality and timely delivery of our products over the long-term. Additionally, we continue to devote resources to improve the supply chain processes across our business segments and find areas of synergy and cost reduction, all along improving our supply chain management capability to meet global customer demands. We also remain focused on improving on-time delivery and quality, while managing warranty costs as a percentage of sales across our global operations, through the assistance of a focused Continuous Improvement Process ("CIP") initiative. The goal of the CIP initiative, which includes lean manufacturing, six sigma business management strategy and value engineering, is to maximize service fulfillment to customers through on-time delivery, reduced cycle time and quality at the highest internal productivity.
COVID-19 Update
Our cross-functional crisis management team established during the first quarter of 2020 has continued monitoring and making recommendations to management to help us continue operating as an essential business, while also protecting the health and safety of our associates. We continue to actively monitor the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on all aspects of our business and geographies. While we cannot reasonably estimate with certainty the duration and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic or its ultimate impact on the global economy, our business or our financial condition and results, we nonetheless remain committed to providing the critical support, products and services that our customers rely on, and currently believe that we will emerge from these events well positioned for long-term growth.
Health and Safety of Our Associates
The health and safety of our associates, suppliers and customers around the world continues to be a priority as we navigate the COVID-19 pandemic, including recent spikes in cases of the virus and its variants in various geographies in which we operate. These recent spikes related to the Omicron variant have caused significant disruption in certain geographies where we operate, including inEurope andChina , which contributed to the labor availability and other COVID-19 operational challenges faced during the first quarter of 2022. Our associates have continued to demonstrate strong resilience in adapting to continually evolving health and safety guidelines while addressing these challenging times and providing products and services to our customers. At the beginning of the pandemic we implemented policies and practices to help protect our workforce so they can safely and effectively carry out their vital work, and we have continued to revise those policies and practices in light of guidance received from local and regional health authorities where appropriate. Our employees and facilities have a key role in keeping essential infrastructure and industries operating, including oil and gas, water, chemical, power generation and other essential industries, such as food and beverage and healthcare. While all of our facilities generally remain open and operational, we continue to occasionally experience temporary shutdowns in specific geographies as a result of COVID-19 disruption, such as the recent government-mandated shutdowns inShanghai, China . The measures described above, combined with continued employee costs and under-absorption of manufacturing costs as a result of temporary closures and work-from-home policies, have had and are expected to continue having an adverse impact on our financial performance throughout the remainder of the pandemic. Despite the increased challenges of labor availability in the first quarter of 2022, we continue to expect a decline of these adverse impacts as we navigate further through the pandemic in 2022. Customer Demand 21
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During the first three months of 2022, the ongoing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in global markets has continued to adversely impact our customers, particularly in the oil and gas markets. As a result of the pandemic's effect (among certain other effects) on oil prices during 2020, many of our large customers reduced capital expenditures and budgets in 2020. To date, while spending for maintenance and repair projects and aftermarket services have returned close to pre-pandemic levels over the past several quarters, project-based customer spending has yet to return to pre-pandemic levels despite some meaningful improvement in the first three months of 2022. In this regard, we saw an overall increase in bookings of 14.9% in the first three months of 2022 as compared to the same period in 2021. Despite the meaningful improvement in customer spending, during the first quarter of 2022 we continued to experience customer-driven delays in the witnessing and inspection necessary to take delivery of equipment, which we expect will continue as long as we and our customers continue to experience the supply chain and logistics headwinds described below under the heading "Supply Chain Impact." While many of the repair and maintenance projects that were paused by our customers in 2020 as a result of the pandemic were completed in 2021, repair and maintenance delays continued in 2021 and the first quarter of 2022, that will ultimately need to be completed, the timing will largely depend on the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and how the virus continues to spread in our customers' various geographies, given the impact of the pandemic on demand, utilization and required maintenance. While we saw some recovery in capital expenditure budgets in the first quarter of 2022, capital spending did not approach pre-pandemic levels. We expect planned capital spending to increase through the rest of 2022 but remain below pre-pandemic levels.
Supply Chain Impact
Since the onset of the pandemic, many of our suppliers have also experienced varying lengths of production and shipping delays related to the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects, some of which continue to exist in highly affected countries. Additionally, the additional global supply chain and logistics constraints that have been affecting global markets since the third quarter of 2021 have continued to cause additional headwinds in the first quarter of 2022. These conditions have had an adverse effect on the speed at which we can manufacture and ship our products to customers, and have also led to an increase in logistics, transportation and freight costs, requiring that we diversify our supply chain and, in some instances, source materials from new suppliers. Additionally, these conditions have in some cases impacted our ability to deliver products to customers on time, which has in turn led to an increase in backlog at some of our manufacturing sites. These disruptions in our supply chain and their effects have continued and we expect they will continue as the COVID-19 pandemic and ongoing global supply chain and logistics headwinds continue.
Operational Impacts
We have engaged in a number of cost savings measures in order to help mitigate certain of the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our financial results, including certain realignment activities (further described below under "RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - Three months endedMarch 31, 2022 and 2021"), reductions in capital expenditures and continued cuts in other discretionary spending due to our response to the effects of COVID-19, which partially offsets the continued costs and operational impacts of the safety protocols and procedures that we have implemented and sustained as described above under the heading "Health and Safety of Our Associates." We continue to evaluate additional cost savings measures in order to reduce the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our financial results. We continually monitor and assess the spread of COVID-19 and known variants, including in areas that have seen recent increases in cases, and we will continue to adapt our operations to respond the changing conditions as needed. During the first quarter, we continued to experience the same increased difficulty in maintaining staffing and productivity levels due to both a higher quarantine rate and a tighter labor market for new hiring as we experienced in the second half of 2021. As we continue to 22
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manage our business through this time of uncertainty and market volatility, we will remain focused on the health and safety of our associates, suppliers, customers, and will continue to provide essential products and services to our customers.
Impact of Russia-Ukraine Conflict on our Business
In response to the recent and ongoing military conflict inUkraine , several countries, includingthe United States , have imposed economic sanctions and export controls on certain industry sectors and parties inRussia . As a result of this conflict, including the aforementioned sanctions and overall instability in the region, inFebruary 2022 we stopped accepting new orders inRussia and temporarily suspended fulfillment of existing orders. InMarch 2022 , we made the decision to permanently cease all Company operations inRussia . We have commenced the necessary actions to cease operations of our Russian subsidiary, including taking steps to cancel existing contracts with customers, terminate our approximately 50 Russia-based employees and terminate other related contractual commitments, and currently expect this process to continue throughout 2022. In 2021 our Russian subsidiary had approximately$14 million of sales with an additional$36 million of sales from certain of our other foreign subsidiaries into the Russian market. As ofMarch 31, 2022 , the net assets held on our Russian subsidiary's balance sheet were$2.7 million , including$7.1 million of cash,$3.6 million of accounts receivables, net, a$9.3 million net intercompany payable position and other immaterial amounts. In addition, certain of our other foreign subsidiaries had open contracts with Russian customers that were subsequently cancelled for which revenue had been previously recognized over time utilizing the percentage of completion ("POC") method. As a result of the above, in the first quarter of 2022 we recorded a$20.2 million pre-tax charge ($21.0 million after-tax) to reserve the asset positions of our Russian subsidiary (excluding cash) as ofMarch 31, 2022 , to record a contra-revenue for previously recognized revenue and estimated cancellation fees on open contracts that were previously accounted for under POC and subsequently canceled, to establish a reserve for the estimated cost to exit the operations of our Russian subsidiary and to record a reserve for our estimated financial exposure on contracts that have or are anticipated to be cancelled. The following table presents the above impacts of theRussia pre-tax charge: Three Months EndedMarch 31, 2022 (Amounts in thousands) FPD
FCD Consolidated Total Sales$ (5,429) $ (2) $ (5,431) Cost of sales 3,510 1,112 4,622 Gross loss (8,939) (1,114) (10,053) Selling, general and administrative expense 9,111 1,082 10,193 Operating loss$ (18,050) $ (2,196) $ (20,246) We continue to monitor the situation involvingRussia andUkraine and its impact on the rest of our global business. To date, these impacts have not been material to our business and we do not currently expect that any incremental impact in future quarters, including any financial impacts caused by our cancellation of customer contracts and ceasing of operations inRussia , will be material to the Company. 2022 Outlook As the world continues to make progress against COVID-19 largely through increased vaccinations, we have seen an inflection in our served end-markets as commodity prices and mobility levels increase. With our increased backlog and improved market environment we expect to return to growth in 2022, however the combined effects of the supply chain, logistics and labor availability headwinds are expected to continue into the first half of 2022. Further, we have not seen and do not expect to see an increase in cancellations from our backlog. We therefore expect to continue to deliver on our backlog during 2022, though with a slightly longer cycle time than originally expected. As ofMarch 31, 2022 , we have cash and cash equivalents of$575.8 million and$383.5 million of borrowings available under our Senior Credit Facility. We do not currently anticipate, nor are we aware of, any significant market conditions or commitments that would change any of our conclusions of the liquidity currently available to us. Additionally, we expect that the costs savings measures planned and already in place will enable us to maintain adequate liquidity over the next 12 months as we manage through the current market environment. We will continue to actively monitor the potential impacts of COVID-19 and related events on the credit markets in order to maintain sufficient liquidity and access to capital 12 months from the issuance date of these financial statements. 23
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - Three months ended
Throughout this discussion of our results of operations, we discuss the impact of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. We have calculated currency effects on operations by translating current year results on a monthly basis at prior year exchange rates for the same periods. In the second quarter of 2020, we identified and initiated certain realignment activities to right-size our organizational operations based on the current business environment, with the overall objective to reduce our workforce costs. We anticipate a total investment in 2020 Realignment Program activities of approximately$95 million and the vast majority of the charges were incurred in 2020 and 2021 with the remainder to be incurred in 2022.
Realignment Activity
The following tables present out realignment activity by segment related to our 2020 Realignment Program:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 Subtotal-Reportable Eliminations and (Amounts in thousands) FPD FCD Segments All Other Consolidated Total Total Realignment Charges COS$ (83) $ (54) $ (137) $ (61) $ (198) SG&A 75 17 92 (293) (201) Total$ (8) $ (37) $ (45) $ (354) $ (399) Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 Subtotal-Reportable Eliminations and (Amounts in thousands) FPD FCD Segments All Other Consolidated Total Total Realignment Charges COS$ 7,919 $ 897 $ 8,816 $ 590 $ 9,406 SG&A 157$ 859 1,016 3,280 4,296 Total$ 8,076 $ 1,756 $ 9,832 $ 3,870 $ 13,702 Consolidated Results Bookings, Sales and Backlog Three Months Ended March 31, (Amounts in millions) 2022 2021 Bookings$ 1,086.1 $ 945.0 Sales 821.1 857.3 We define a booking as the receipt of a customer order that contractually engages us to perform activities on behalf of our customer with regard to manufacturing, service or support. Bookings recorded and subsequently canceled within the year-to-date period are excluded from year-to-date bookings. Bookings for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 increased by$141.1 million , or 14.9%, as compared with the same period in 2021. The increase included negative currency effects of approximately$26 million . The increase was driven by increased customer orders in the oil and gas, power generation and the water management industries, partially offset by decreased customer orders in the chemical and general industries. The increase in customer bookings was more heavily weighted towards aftermarket bookings. 24
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Sales for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 decreased by$36.2 million , or 4.2%, as compared with the same period in 2021. The decrease included negative currency effects of approximately$19 million and$5.4 million of negative impact as a result of the reserve of ourRussia exposure. The decreased sales were driven by both original equipment and aftermarket, with decreased sales intoEurope ,Asia Pacific and theMiddle East andAfrica , partially offset by increased sales intoLatin America andNorth America . Net sales to international customers, including export sales from theU.S. , were approximately 62% and 68% of total sales for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Backlog represents the aggregate value of booked but uncompleted customer orders and is influenced primarily by bookings, sales, cancellations and currency effects. Backlog of$2,229.8 million atMarch 31, 2022 increased by$226.2 million , or 11.3%, as compared withDecember 31, 2021 and include the negative impact of$25.2 million of order cancellations in the first quarter of 2022 due to our exposure inRussia . Currency effects provided a decrease of approximately$15 million . Approximately 38% of the backlog at bothMarch 31, 2022 andDecember 31, 2021 was related to aftermarket orders. Backlog includes our unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) performance obligations related to contracts having an original expected duration in excess of one year of approximately$544 million , as discussed in Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report.
Gross Profit and Gross Profit Margin
Three Months Ended March
31,
(Amounts in millions, except percentages) 2022 2021 Gross profit$ 209.6 $ 250.9 Gross profit margin 25.5 % 29.3 % Gross profit for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 decreased by$41.3 million , or 16.5%, as compared with the same period in 2021. Gross profit margin for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 of 25.5% decreased from 29.3% for the same period in 2021. The decrease in gross profit margin was primarily due to revenue recognized on lower margin original equipment orders, lower conversion of customer backlog to revenue and increased freight costs largely due to global supply chain and logistics constraints, a$4.6 million charge taken in the first quarter of 2022 related to our financial exposure inRussia and under absorption of fixed manufacturing costs. Aftermarket sales represented approximately 53% of total sales for both periods in 2022 and 2021.
Selling, General and Administrative Expense
Three Months Ended March
31,
(Amounts in millions, except percentages) 2022 2021 SG&A$ 206.1 $ 198.3 SG&A as a percentage of sales 25.1 % 23.1 % SG&A for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 increased by$7.8 million , or 3.9%, as compared with the same period in 2021. Currency effects yielded a decrease of approximately$5 million . SG&A as a percentage of sales for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 increased 200 basis points primarily due to a$10.2 million charge taken in the first quarter of 2022 related to our financial exposure inRussia and lower sales leverage, partially offset by lower broad-based annual incentive compensation as compared with the same period in 2021. Net Earnings from Affiliates Three Months Ended March 31, (Amounts in millions) 2022 2021 Net earnings from affiliates $ 3.9$ 3.5 Net earnings from affiliates for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 increased$0.4 million , or 11.4%, as compared with the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily a result of increased earnings of our FPD joint venture inSouth Korea . 25
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Operating Income and Operating Margin
Three Months EndedMarch 31 , (Amounts in millions, except percentages) 2022
2021
Operating income$ 7.4 $ 56.1 Operating income as a percentage of sales 0.9 % 6.5 % Operating income for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 decreased by$48.7 million , or 86.8%, as compared with the same period in 2021. The decrease included currency benefits of approximately$1 million . The decrease was primarily a result of the$41.3 million decrease in gross profit and the$7.8 million increase in SG&A.
Interest Expense and Interest Income
Three Months Ended March 31, (Amounts in millions) 2022 2021 Interest expense$ (10.7) $ (16.8) Interest income 0.9 0.6 Interest expense for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 decreased$6.1 million , as compared with the same period in 2021, primarily due to lower debt outstanding and foreign currency exchange rate movements as compared with the same period in 2021.
Loss on Extinguishment of Debt
Three Months Ended March 31, (Amounts in millions) 2022 2021 Loss on extinguishment of debt $ - $
(7.6)
Loss on extinguishment of debt for the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 of$7.6 million resulted from the loss on early extinguishment of our 2022 Euro Senior Notes in the first quarter of 2021. Other Income (Expense), Net Three Months Ended March 31, (Amounts in millions) 2022 2021 Other income (expense), net $ (8.1)$ (11.4) Other expense, net for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 decreased$3.3 million as compared with the same period in 2021, due primarily to a$12.3 million decrease in losses from transactions in currencies other than our sites' functional currencies, partially offset by a$8.5 million increase in losses arising from transactions on foreign exchange contracts. The net change was primarily due to the foreign currency exchange rate movements in the Canadian dollar, Brazilian real, Euro, and Japanese yen in relation to theU.S. dollar during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , as compared with the same period in 2021. 26
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2021
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes $ 3.2$ 3.8 Effective tax rate (30.5) % 18.1 % The effective tax rate of (30.5)% for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 decreased from 18.1% for the same period in 2021. The effective tax rate varied from theU.S. federal statutory rate for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 primarily due to the current and anticipated tax impact of theRussia -Ukraine conflict on our business, partially offset by the net impact of foreign operations. Refer to Note 13 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report for further discussion.
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Three Months EndedMarch 31 , (Amounts in millions) 2022
2021
Other comprehensive income (loss) $ (13.1) $
(6.4)
Other comprehensive loss for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 increased$6.7 million as compared to the same period in 2021. The increased loss was primarily due to foreign currency translation adjustments resulting primarily from exchange rate movements of the Euro, British pound, Brazilian real, and Mexican peso versus theU.S. dollar during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , as compared with the same period in 2021.
Business Segments
We conduct our operations through two business segments based on the type of product and how we manage the business. We evaluate segment performance and allocate resources based on each segment's operating income. The key operating results for our two business segments, FPD and FCD, are discussed below.
Flowserve Pump Division Segment Results
Our largest business segment is FPD, through which we design, manufacture, distribute and service highly custom engineered pumps, pre-configured industrial pumps, pump systems, mechanical seals, and auxiliary systems (collectively referred to as "original equipment") and related services. FPD primarily operates in the oil and gas, power generation, chemical and general industries. FPD operates in 49 countries with 35 manufacturing facilities worldwide, 10 of which are located inEurope , 11 inNorth America , eight inAsia and six inLatin America , and it operates 133 QRCs, including those co-located in manufacturing facilities and/or shared with FCD. Three Months Ended March 31, (Amounts in millions, except percentages) 2022 2021 Bookings$ 795.6 $ 653.8 Sales 575.6 602.6 Gross profit 156.9 182.9 Gross profit margin 27.3 % 30.4 % SG&A 139.8 132.6 Segment operating income 21.0 53.8 Segment operating income as a percentage of sales 3.6 % 8.9 % Bookings for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 increased by$141.8 million , or 21.7%, as compared with the same period in 2021. The increase included negative currency effects of approximately$19 million . The increase in customer bookings was driven by increased customer orders in the oil and gas, power generation and water management industries, partially offset by decreased customer orders in the general and chemical industries. Customer bookings increased$24.0 million intoNorth America ,$52.0 million into theMiddle East ,$75.1 million intoEurope ,$18.1 million intoAsia Pacific and$0.3 million intoAfrica and were partially offset by decreased customer orders of$9.4 million intoLatin America . The increase was more heavily weighted towards aftermarket bookings. 27
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Sales for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 decreased by$27.0 million , or 4.5% as compared with the same period in 2021 and included negative currency effects of approximately$14 million and$5.4 million of negative impact as a result of the reserve of ourRussia exposure. The decrease was more heavily weighted by customer original equipment sales. Decreased customer sales of$23.4 million intoAsia Pacific ,$15.0 million intoEurope ,$5.7 million into theMiddle East and$5.4 million intoAfrica , were partially offset by increased sales of$14.2 million intoNorth America and$5.5 million intoLatin America . Gross profit for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 decreased by$26.0 million , or 14.2%, as compared with the same period in 2021. Gross profit margin for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 of 27.3% decreased from 30.4% for the same period in 2021. The decrease in gross profit margin was primarily attributable to revenue recognized on lower margin original equipment orders, lower conversion of customer backlog to revenue and increased freight costs largely due to global supply chain and logistics constraints, a$3.5 million charge taken in the first quarter of 2022 related to our financial exposure inRussia and under absorption of fixed manufacturing costs, partially offset by a mix shift to higher margin aftermarket as compared to the same period in 2021. SG&A for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 increased by$7.2 million , or 5.4%, as compared with the same period in 2021. Currency effects provided a decrease of approximately$4 million . The increase in SG&A was primarily due a$9.1 million charge taken in the first quarter of 2022 related to our financial exposure inRussia , partially offset by lower broad-based annual incentive compensation as compared to the same period in 2021. Operating income for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 decreased by$32.8 million , or 61.0%, as compared with the same period in 2021. The decrease included currency benefits of approximately$1 million . The decrease was primarily due to the$26.0 million decrease in gross profit and the$7.2 million increase in SG&A. Backlog of$1,563.5 million atMarch 31, 2022 increased by$194.6 million , or 14.2%, as compared withDecember 31, 2021 and include the negative impact of$19.0 million of order cancellations in the first quarter of 2022 due to our exposure inRussia . Currency effects provided a decrease of approximately$10 million .
Flow Control Division Segment Results
FCD designs, manufactures and distributes a broad portfolio of engineered-to-order and configured-to-order isolation valves, control valves, valve automation products and related equipment. FCD leverages its experience and application know-how by offering a complete menu of engineered services to complement its expansive product portfolio. FCD has a total of 44 manufacturing facilities and QRCs in 22 countries around the world, with five of its 19 manufacturing operations located in theU.S. , eight located inEurope , five located inAsia Pacific and one located inLatin America . Based on independent industry sources, we believe that FCD is the second largest industrial valve supplier on a global basis. Three Months Ended March 31, (Amounts in millions, except percentages) 2022 2021 Bookings$ 294.3 $ 294.0 Sales 247.9 255.8 Gross profit 59.5 74.6 Gross profit margin 24.0 % 29.2 % SG&A 44.3 49.9 Segment operating income 15.2 24.7 Segment operating income as a percentage of sales 6.1 % 9.7 % Bookings for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 increased by$0.3 million , or 0.1%, as compared with the same period in 2021. Bookings included negative currency effects of approximately$6 million . The increase in customer bookings was primarily driven by increased customer orders in the chemical, oil and gas and general industries, substantially offset by decreased customer orders in the power generation industry. Increased customer orders of$6.7 million intoNorth America ,$8.7 million intoEurope ,$1.8 million into theMiddle East and$0.4 million intoLatin America were substantially offset by decreased customer orders of$15.1 million intoAsia Pacific and$0.5 million intoAfrica . The increase was driven by customer original equipment bookings. Sales for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 decreased$7.9 million , or 3.1%, as compared with the same period in 2021. The decrease included negative currency effects of approximately$5 million . Decreased sales were driven by original equipment sales. The decrease was primarily driven by decreased customer sales of$11.2 million intoAsia Pacific ,$3.1 million intoAfrica ,$3.4 million into theMiddle East ,$7.2 million intoEurope and$1.3 million intoLatin America , partially offset by increased customer sales of$17.1 million intoNorth America . 28
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Gross profit for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 decreased by$15.1 million , or 20.2%, as compared with the same period in 2021. Gross profit margin for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 of 24.0% decreased from the 29.2% for the same period in 2021. The decrease in gross profit margin was primarily attributable to lower conversion of customer backlog to revenue and increased freight costs largely due to global supply chain and logistics constraints and a$1.1 million charge taken in the first quarter of 2022 related to our financial exposure inRussia as compared to the same period in 2021. SG&A for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 decreased by$5.6 million , or 11.2%, as compared with the same period in 2021. Currency effects provided a decrease of less than one million. The decrease in SG&A was primarily due to lower broad-based annual incentive compensation, partially offset by a$1.1 million charge taken in the first quarter of 2022 related to our financial exposure inRussia as compared to the same period in 2021. Operating income for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 decreased by$9.5 million , or 38.5%, as compared with the same period in 2021. The decrease included negative currency effects of less than one million. The decrease was primarily due to the$15.1 million decrease in gross profit, partially offset by the$5.6 million decrease in SG&A. Backlog of$672.3 million atMarch 31, 2022 increased by$32.5 million , or 5.1%, as compared withDecember 31, 2021 and include the negative impact of$9.8 million of order cancellations in the first quarter of 2022 due to our exposure inRussia . Currency effects provided a decrease of approximately$5 million .
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Cash Flow and Liquidity Analysis
Three Months Ended March 31, (Amounts in millions) 2022 2021
Net cash flows provided (used) by operating activities $ (26.8)
(12.2) (9.5) Net cash flows provided (used) by financing activities (38.4) (449.9) Existing cash, cash generated by operations and borrowings available under the Senior Credit Facility are our primary sources of short-term liquidity. We monitor the depository institutions that hold our cash and cash equivalents on a regular basis, and we believe that we have placed our deposits with creditworthy financial institutions. Our sources of operating cash generally include the sale of our products and services and the conversion of our working capital, particularly accounts receivable and inventories. Our cash balance atMarch 31, 2022 was$575.8 million as compared with$658.5 million atDecember 31, 2021 . Our cash balance decreased by$82.7 million to$575.8 million atMarch 31, 2022 , as compared withDecember 31, 2021 . The cash activity during the first three months of 2022 included cash used by operating activities,$26.1 million in dividend payments,$14.1 million in capital expenditures and$7.6 million of payments on our Term Loan. For the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , our cash used by operating activities was$26.8 million , as compared to cash provided of$36.4 million for the same period in 2021. Cash flow provided from working capital increased slightly for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , due primarily to decreased cash flows used by accounts payable, substantially offset by increased cash flows used or decreased cash flows provided by accounts receivable, inventory, contract assets and contract liabilities as compared to the same period in 2021.
Decreases in accounts receivable provided
Increases in contract assets used$5.7 million of cash flow for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , as compared with cash flows used of$2.2 million for the same period in 2021. Increases in inventory used$48.7 million and$17.0 million of cash flow for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 andMarch 31, 2021 , respectively. Inventory turns were 3.3 times atMarch 31, 2022 , as compared to 3.6 as ofMarch 31, 2021 . Increases in accounts payable provided$8.2 million of cash flow for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , as compared with$47.1 million cash used for the same period in 2021. Increases in accrued liabilities and income taxes payable provided$7.3 million of cash flow for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , as compared with$0.2 million for the same period in 2021. Increases in contract liabilities provided$2.6 million of cash flow for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , as compared to cash flows provided of$9.0 million for the same period in 2021. 29
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Cash flows used by investing activities during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 were$12.2 million , as compared to$9.5 million for the same period in 2021. Capital expenditures during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 were$14.1 million , an increase of$2.6 million as compared with the same period in 2021. Our capital expenditures are generally focused on strategic initiatives to pursue information technology infrastructure, ongoing scheduled replacements and upgrades and cost reduction opportunities. In 2022, we currently estimate capital expenditures to be between$60 million and$70 million before consideration of any acquisition activity. In addition, proceeds received during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 from disposal of assets provided$1.8 million . Proceeds received during the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 from disposal of assets provided$1.9 million . Cash flows used by financing activities during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 were$38.4 million , as compared to$449.9 million for the same period in 2021. Cash outflows in the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 resulted primarily from the$7.6 million of payments on our Term Loan and$26.1 million of dividend payments. Cash outflows during the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 resulted primarily from a$407.5 million payment on long-term debt resulting from the redemption of our 2022 Euro Senior Notes,$26.5 million of dividend payments and the repurchase of$5.1 million of common shares. Our Amended and Restated Credit Agreement matures inSeptember 13, 2026 . Approximately$25 million of our outstanding Term Loan Facility is due to mature in the remainder of 2022 and approximately$40 million in 2023. As ofMarch 31, 2022 , we had an available capacity of$383.5 million on our Senior Credit Facility, which provides for a$800.0 million unsecured revolving credit facility with a maturity date ofSeptember 13, 2026 . Our borrowing capacity is subject to financial covenant limitations based on the terms of our Senior Credit Facility and is also reduced by outstanding letters of credit. Our Senior Credit Facility is committed and held by a diversified group of financial institutions. Refer to Note 6 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report for additional information concerning our Senior Credit Facility. During the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 we made no cash contributions to ourU.S. pension plan. AtDecember 31, 2021 ourU.S. pension plan was fully funded as defined by applicable law. After consideration of our funded status, we currently anticipate making$20 million in contributions to ourU.S. pension plan in 2022, excluding direct benefits paid. We continue to maintain an asset allocation consistent with our strategy to maximize total return, while reducing portfolio risks through asset class diversification. Considering our current debt structure and cash needs, we currently believe cash flows generated from operating activities combined with availability under our Senior Credit Facility and our existing cash balance will be sufficient to meet our cash needs for the next 12 months. Cash flows from operations could be adversely affected by economic, political and other risks associated with sales of our products, operational factors, competition, fluctuations in foreign exchange rates and fluctuations in interest rates, among other factors. See "Financing" and "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" below. As ofMarch 31, 2022 , we have$96.1 million of remaining capacity for Board of Directors approved share repurchases. While we currently intend to continue to return cash through dividends and/or share repurchases for the foreseeable future, any future returns of cash through dividends and/or share repurchases will be reviewed individually, declared by our Board of Directors at its discretion and implemented by management.
Financing
Credit Facilities
See Note 6 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report for a discussion of our Senior Credit Facility and related covenants. We were in compliance with all applicable covenants under our Senior Credit Facility as ofMarch 31, 2022 . As ofMarch 31, 2022 , we have cash and cash equivalents of$575.8 million and$383.5 million of borrowings available under our Senior Credit Facility. We do not currently anticipate, nor are we aware of, any significant market conditions or commitments that would change any of our conclusions of the liquidity currently available to us. Additionally, we expect that the costs savings measures planned and already in place will enable us to maintain adequate liquidity over the next 12 months as we manage through the current market environment. We will continue to actively monitor the potential impacts of COVID-19 and related events on the credit markets in order to maintain sufficient liquidity and access to capital 12 months from the issuance date of these financial statements. 30
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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
Management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations are based on our condensed consolidated financial statements and related footnotes contained within this Quarterly Report. Our critical accounting policies used in the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements were discussed in "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" of our 2021 Annual Report. The critical policies, for which no significant changes have occurred in the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , include:
•Revenue Recognition;
•Deferred Taxes, Tax Valuation Allowances and Tax Reserves;
•Reserves for Contingent Loss;
•Pension and Postretirement Benefits; and
•Valuation of
The process of preparing condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity withU.S. GAAP requires the use of estimates and assumptions to determine certain of the assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. These estimates and assumptions are based upon what we believe is the best information available at the time of the estimates or assumptions. The estimates and assumptions could change materially as conditions within and beyond our control change. Accordingly, actual results could differ materially from those estimates. The significant estimates are reviewed quarterly with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors. Based on an assessment of our accounting policies and the underlying judgments and uncertainties affecting the application of those policies, we believe that our condensed consolidated financial statements provide a meaningful and fair perspective of our consolidated financial condition and results of operations. This is not to suggest that other general risk factors, such as changes in worldwide demand, changes in material costs, performance of acquired businesses and others, could not adversely impact our consolidated financial condition, results of operations and cash flows in future periods. See "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" below.
ACCOUNTING DEVELOPMENTS
We have presented the information about pronouncements not yet implemented in Note 1 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report.
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended. Words or phrases such as, "may," "should," "expects," "could," "intends," "plans," "anticipates," "estimates," "believes," "predicts" or other similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, which include, without limitation, statements concerning our future financial performance, future debt and financing levels, investment objectives, implications of litigation and regulatory investigations and other management plans for future operations and performance. The forward-looking statements included in this Quarterly Report are based on our current expectations, projections, estimates and assumptions. These statements are only predictions, not guarantees. Such forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties that are difficult to predict. These risks and uncertainties may cause actual results to differ materially from what is forecast in such forward-looking statements and are currently, or in the future could be, amplified by the COVID-19 pandemic. Specific factors that might cause such a difference include, without limitation, the following:
•uncertainties related to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business and operations, financial results and financial position, our customers and suppliers, and on the global economy, including its impact on our sales;
•a portion of our bookings may not lead to completed sales, and our ability to convert bookings into revenues at acceptable profit margins;
•changes in the global financial markets and the availability of capital and the potential for unexpected cancellations or delays of customer orders in our reported backlog;
•our dependence on our customers' ability to make required capital investment and maintenance expenditures. The liquidity and financial position of our customers could impact capital investment decisions and their ability to pay in full and/or on a timely basis;
•if we are not able to successfully execute and realize the expected financial benefits from our strategic transformation,
realignment and other cost-saving initiatives, our business could be adversely affected;
•risks associated with cost overruns on fixed fee projects and in accepting customer orders for large complex custom engineered products;
•the substantial dependence of our sales on the success of the oil and gas, chemical, power generation and water management industries;
•the adverse impact of volatile raw materials prices on our products and operating margins;
•economic, political and other risks associated with our international operations, including military actions, trade embargoes or changes to tariffs or trade agreements that could affect customer markets, particularly North African, Russian and Middle Eastern markets and global oil and gas producers, and non-compliance withU.S. export/reexport control, foreign corrupt practice laws, economic sanctions and import laws and regulations;
•increased aging and slower collection of receivables, particularly in
•our exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, particularly the Euro and British pound and in hyperinflationary countries such asVenezuela andArgentina ;
•our furnishing of products and services to nuclear power plant facilities and other critical applications;
•potential adverse consequences resulting from litigation to which we are a party, such as litigation involving asbestos-containing material claims;
•expectations regarding acquisitions and the integration of acquired businesses;
•our relative geographical profitability and its impact on our utilization of deferred tax assets, including foreign tax credits;
•the potential adverse impact of an impairment in the carrying value of goodwill or other intangible assets;
•our dependence upon third-party suppliers whose failure to perform timely could adversely affect our business operations;
•the highly competitive nature of the markets in which we operate;
•environmental compliance costs and liabilities;
•potential work stoppages and other labor matters;
•access to public and private sources of debt financing;
•our inability to protect our intellectual property in the
•obligations under our defined benefit pension plans;
•our internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements because of its inherent limitations, including the possibility of human error, the circumvention or overriding of controls, or fraud;
•the recording of increased deferred tax asset valuation allowances in the future or the impact of tax law changes on such deferred tax assets could affect our operating results;
•risks and potential liabilities associated with cyber security threats; and
•ineffective internal controls could impact the accuracy and timely reporting of our business and financial results.
These and other risks and uncertainties are more fully discussed in the risk factors identified in "Item 1A. Risk Factors" in Part I of our 2021 Annual Report and Part II of this Quarterly Report, and may be identified in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and our other filings with theSEC and/or press releases from time to time. All forward-looking statements included in this document are based on information available to us on the date hereof, and we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statement.
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