The GDP reading marks the third quarterly year-on-year decline in a row and underscores the challenge facing new libertarian President Javier Milei, who has pushed a tough austerity package since taking office in December.
That has helped boost markets and the state's financial position, though rapid data on production, consumption and economic activity suggest the real economy is reeling at the start of this year, signaling a likely recession.
The country - battling inflation over 275%, rigid capital controls and rising poverty - has not yet entered a technical recession of successive quarter-on-quarter economic contractions, but meets other broader definitions.
In the United States, the authoritative National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) defines a recession more flexibly as "a significant decline in economic activity that is spread across the economy and lasts more than a few months."
Argentina's economy contracted 1.6% in the full-year 2023, INDEC data showed. In the fourth quarter, it was down 1.9% versus Q3, which which had expanded from Q2.
In the fourth quarter, agriculture, the country's key industry, was a better performer along with mining and hospitality, while manufacturing, retail, utilities and finance sectors declined. Investment was also down.
(Reporting by Hernan Nessi and Aida Pelaez-Fernandez; Editing by Sarah Morland and Sandra Maler)
By Walter Bianchi and Hernan Nessi
