Independence Realty Trust : Announces Second Quarter 2022 Financial Results and Closing of New Term Loan Raises Full Year 2022 Guidance - Form 8-K

Independence Realty Trust Announces Second Quarter 2022 Financial Results and Closing of New Term Loan

Raises Full Year 2022 Guidance

PHILADELPHIA - (BUSINESS WIRE) - July 27, 2022 - Independence Realty Trust, Inc. ("IRT") (NYSE: IRT), a multifamily apartment REIT, today announced its second quarter 2022 financial results.

Second Quarter Highlights

•On July 25, 2022, IRT restructured its debt to secure a new $400 million term loan maturing in 2028, swapped LIBOR for SOFR across its unsecured floating rate credit facility, paid off $300 million of term loans maturing in 2024 and paid down the revolving credit facility by $100 million. The $400 million of term loan carries a lower interest rate spread than the debt repaid.

•Net (loss) income available to common shares of $(7.2)million for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 compared to $3.4 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2021.

•(Loss) Earnings per diluted share of $(0.03) for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 compared to $0.03 for the quarter ended June 30, 2021.

•Combined same-store net operating income ("NOI") growth of 14.4% for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 compared to the quarter ended June 30, 2021.

•Core Funds from Operations ("CFFO") of $58.6million for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 compared to $20.2 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2021. CFFO per share was $0.26 for the second quarter of 2022, as compared to $0.20 for the second quarter of 2021.

•Adjusted EBITDA of $83.2 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 compared to $28.7 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2021.

•Value add program for the quarter ended June 30, 2022, has completed renovations at 195 units, achieving a weighted average return on investment during the quarter of 34.6%.

Included later in this press release are definitions of NOI, CFFO, Adjusted EBITDA and other Non-GAAP financial measures and reconciliations of such measures to their most comparable financial measures as calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.

Management Commentary

"Strong momentum continues at IRT, as evidenced by our quarterly performance that reflects our high-quality portfolio in non-gateway markets with outsized growth fundamentals," said Scott Schaeffer, Chairman and CEO of IRT. "In the second quarter, we delivered 14.4% same store NOI growth, with blended lease over lease rental growth of 12.7%. We continue to accelerate our organic growth profile through our value add program and expand our presence in core markets through our capital recycling and joint venture development initiatives. While we are mindful of current economic headwinds, we remain confident in our strategy and have strong visibility on delivering our raised full year 2022 guidance."

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Combined Same-Store Portfolio(1) Operating Results

Second Quarter 2022 Compared to Second Quarter 2021	Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
Rental and other property revenue	11.4% increase	11.2% increase
Property operating expenses	6.9% increase	5.0% increase
Net operating income ("NOI")	14.4% increase	15.3% increase
Portfolio average occupancy	61 bps decrease to 95.5%	27 bps decrease to 95.4%
Portfolio average rental rate	12.0% increase to $1,412	11.2% increase to $1,392
NOI Margin	162 bps increase to 61.9%	220 bps increase to 62.4%

(1)Combined same-store portfolio includes 113 properties, which represent 33,804 units.

Operating Metrics

The table below summarizes operating metrics for the combined same-store portfolio for the applicable periods.

2Q 2022	3Q 2022(4)
Combined Same-Store Portfolio(1)
Average Occupancy(2)	95.5	%	95.0	%
Lease Over Lease Effective Rental Rate Growth:(3)
New Leases	17.2	%	20.8	%
Renewal Leases	9.7	%	11.4	%
Blended	12.7	%	13.4	%
Resident retention rate	54.6	%	59.8	%

(1)Combined same-store portfolio includes 113 properties, which represent 33,804 units.

(2)Average occupancy excluding the 13 properties with ongoing value add projects was 95.7% and 95.3% for 2Q 2022 and 3Q 2022, respectively.

(3)Lease-over-lease effective rent growth represents the change in effective monthly rent, as adjusted for concessions, for each unit that had a prior lease and current lease that are for a term of 9-13 months.

(4)3Q 2022 average occupancy and resident retention rates are as through July 22, 2022. 3Q 2022 new lease and renewal rates are for leases commencing during 3Q 2022 that were signed as of July 22, 2022.

Value Add Program

We completed renovations on 195 units during the quarter ended June 30, 2022, achieving a return on investment of 34.6%, with an average cost per unit renovated of $11,610, and average rent increase per renovated unit of $335. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, we have completed renovations on 338 units, achieving a return on investment of 33.5%, with an average cost per unit renovated of $11,959, and an average rent increase per renovated unit of $333. See the Value Add Summary page of our supplemental for additional information.

Investment Activity

Held for Sale

As of June 30, 2022, in connection with our ongoing capital recycling program, we had two properties, Meadows Apartments in Louisville, KY and Sycamore Terrace in Terra Haute, IN, classified as held for sale. We expect the Meadows Apartments disposition to close in the third quarter of 2022 and we continue to market Sycamore Terrace for sale. We intend to recycle the net proceeds from the sales into the acquisition of properties in markets that we believe have better long-term growth prospects.

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Lakeline Station Joint Venture Investment

On June 3, 2022, we entered into a joint venture for the development of Lakeline Station, a to-be-built 378-unit community in Austin, TX. Site improvements began in June 2022 with completion of the project scheduled for May 2024. We have committed to invest an aggregate $29.7 million in this joint venture, of which $14.7 million was funded as of June 30, 2022.

Views of Music City Joint Venture Investment

On April 6, 2022, we purchased for $25.4 million the Views of Music City (Phase 1), a 96-unit community in Nashville, TN from one of our unconsolidated joint ventures. The property was developed by our joint venture partner and was completed in January 2022. The Views of Music City (Phase 1) has an average rent per occupied unit of $1,483 and a period end occupancy of 94.8%. The acquisition represents the exercise of our purchase option under the terms of the joint venture agreement entered into on September 3, 2021. Development of Phase 2, which consists of 209 units, is expected to be completed during Q4 2023.

Capital Expenditures

For the three months ended June 30, 2022, recurring capital expenditures for the total portfolio were $7.1 million, or $201 per unit. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, recurring capital expenditures for the total portfolio were $11.1 million, or $312 per unit.

Capital Markets

New $400 Million Term Loan

On July 25, 2022, we entered into an amended and restated credit agreement (the "Restated Credit Agreement") which restructured our existing debt to provide for a new $400 million term loan with a January 28, 2028 maturity date (the "2028 Term Loan"), resulting in an aggregate increase, after debt repayments, of $100 million in borrowing capacity. Proceeds of the new 2028 Term Loan were used to (i) repay and retire $300 million of existing term loans maturing in 2024, and (ii) reduce $100 million of outstanding borrowings under our revolving credit facility. In addition, the Restated Credit Agreement changes the LIBOR interest rate option to SOFR for our entire $1.1 billion unsecured floating rate credit facility and otherwise continues, without material change, our $200 million term loan and our $500 million revolving credit facility, both of which mature in 2026.

At-the-Market Offering

On November 13, 2020 we entered into an equity distribution agreement pursuant to which we may from time to time offer and sell shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $150 million (the "ATM Program") in negotiated transactions or transactions that are deemed to be "at the market" offerings. Under the ATM Program, we may also enter into one or more forward sale transactions for the sale of shares of our common stock on a forward basis.

During the three months ended March 31, 2022, we entered into a forward sale transaction under the ATM Program for the forward sale of 1,000,000 shares of our common stock. We expect to physically settle the forward sale transaction by the maturity date (March 31, 2023) of the forward sale transaction. Assuming the forward sale transaction is physically settled in full utilizing the current forward sale price of $26.22 per share, we expect to receive proceeds, net of sales commissions, of approximately $26.2 million, subject to adjustment in accordance with the forward sale transaction.

No forward sale transactions under the ATM Program were entered into during the three months ended June 30, 2022. As of June 30, 2022, and in addition to the Q1 2022 forward sale of 1,000,000 shares, IRT sold an aggregate of 1,000,000 shares on a forward basis in Q4 2021 and these forward sales transactions have an outside maturity date in December 2022 and that, assuming these forward sales are physically settled in full at the current weighted average sales price of $23.49 per shares, IRT expects to receive proceeds, net of sales commissions of approximately $23.5 million.

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Share Repurchase Authorization and Dividend Distribution

On May 18, 2022, our Board of Directors authorized a repurchase program of up to $250 million of the Company's common stock and approved a quarterly dividend of $0.14 per share of IRT common stock, which represented a 17% increase in the dividend over the prior quarterly rate of $0.12 per share. This dividend was paid on July 22, 2022 to stockholders of record at the close of business on July 1, 2022.

2022 EPS and CFFO Guidance

We raised our 2022 full year guidance. Earnings per diluted share is projected to be in the range of $0.48 to $0.50. A reconciliation of IRT's projected net income allocable to common shares to its projected CFFO per share is included below. See the schedules and definitions at the end of this release for further information regarding how IRT calculates CFFO and for management's definition and rationale for the usefulness of CFFO.

Previous Guidance	Current Guidance	Change at Midpoint
2022 Full Year EPS and CFFO Guidance (1)(2)	Low	High	Low	High
Earnings per share	$0.50	$0.52	$0.48	$0.50	$(0.02)
Adjustments:
Depreciation and amortization (3)	1.12	1.12	1.09	1.09	(0.03)
Gain on sale of real estate assets (4)	(0.58)	(0.58)	(0.51)	(0.51)	0.07
Core FFO per share	$1.04	$1.06	$1.06	$1.08	$0.02

(1)This guidance, including the underlying assumptions presented in the table below, constitutes forward-looking information. Actual full year 2022 EPS and CFFO could vary significantly from the projections presented. See "Forward-Looking Statements" below. Our guidance is based on the key guidance assumptions detailed below.

(2)Per share guidance is based on 228.0 million weighted average shares and units outstanding.

(3)Depreciation and amortization includes $53.3 million ($0.23 per share) of amortization related to STAR in-place lease intangibles that are a result of GAAP purchase accounting. These intangibles are expected to be amortized over less than one year.

(4)Gains on sale of real estate assets include the four asset sales that occurred during the first quarter of 2022 and the two properties identified as held for sale as of June 30, 2022.

2022 Guidance Assumptions

Our key guidance assumptions for 2022 are enumerated below. See definitions at the end of this release for further information regarding our same-store definitions.

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Combined Same-Store Portfolio	Previous 2022 Outlook	Current 2022 Outlook (1)	Change at Midpoint
Number of properties/units	113 properties / 33,804 units	113 properties / 33,804 units	-
Property revenue growth	9.1% to 10.1%	10.7% to 11.1%	1.3%
Controllable operating expense growth	3.0% to 4.0%	4.2% to 5.2%	1.2%
Real estate tax and insurance expense growth	6.5% to 8.5%	8.6% to 9.2%	1.4%
Total operating expense growth	4.25% to 5.75%	5.9% to 6.7%	1.3%
Property NOI growth	11.5% to 13.5%	13.25% to 14.25%	1.3%
Corporate Expenses
General and administrative & Property management expenses	$48.0 to $51.0 million	$50.0 to $51.0 million	$1.0 million
Interest expense (2)	$98.0 to $100.0 million	$98.0 to $100.0 million	-
Transaction/Investment Volume (3)
Acquisition volume	$25 to $250 million	$25 to $250 million	-
Disposition volume	$157 to $400 million	$157 to $400 million	-
Capital Expenditures
Recurring	$18.5 to $21.5 million	$18.5 to $21.5 million	-
Value add & non-recurring	$42.5 to $47.5 million	$42.5 to $47.5 million	-
Development	$65.0 to $75.0 million	$65.0 to $75.0 million	-

(1)This guidance, including the underlying assumptions, constitutes forward-looking information. Actual results could vary significantly from the projections presented. See "Forward-Looking Statements" below.

(2)Interest expense includes amortization of deferred financing costs but excludes loan premium accretion, net. As a result of purchase accounting, we recorded a $72.1 million loan premium, net, related to STAR debt. This loan premium will be accreted into and reduce GAAP interest expense over the remaining term of the associated debt. However, loan premium accretion will be excluded from CFFO.

(3)We continue to evaluate our portfolio for capital recycling opportunities so actual acquisitions and dispositions could vary significantly from our projections. We undertake no duty to update these assumptions. See "Forward-Looking Statements" below.

Selected Financial Information

See the schedules at the end of this earnings release for selected financial information for IRT.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Definitions

We disclose the following non-GAAP financial measures in this earnings release: FFO, CFFO, NOI and Adjusted EBITDA. Included at the end of this release are definitions of these non-GAAP financial measures and a reconciliation of our reported net income to our FFO and CFFO, a reconciliation of our same-store NOI to our reported net income, a reconciliation of our Adjusted EBITDA to net income, and management's rationales for the usefulness of each of these and other non-GAAP financial measures used in this release.

Conference Call

All interested parties can listen to the live conference call webcast at 9:00 AM ET on Thursday, July 28, 2022 from the investor relations section of the IRT website at www.irtliving.com or by dialing 1.844.200.6205, access code 994624. For those who are not available to listen to the live call, the replay will be available shortly following the live call from the investor relations section of IRT's website until the next earnings release. A playback of the conference call can also be accessed telephonically until Thursday, August 4, 2022 by dialing 1.866.813.9403, access code 231272.

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Supplemental Information

We produce supplemental information that includes details regarding the performance of the portfolio, financial information, non-GAAP financial measures, same-store information and other useful information for investors. The supplemental information is available via our website, www.irtliving.com, through the "Investor Relations" section.

About Independence Realty Trust, Inc.

Independence Realty Trust, Inc. (NYSE: IRT) is a real estate investment trust that owns and operates multifamily communities, across non-gateway U.S. markets including Atlanta, GA, Dallas, TX, Denver, CO, Columbus, OH, Indianapolis, IN, Oklahoma City, OK, Raleigh-Durham, NC, Houston, TX, Nashville, TN, and Memphis, TN. IRT's investment strategy is focused on gaining scale within key amenity rich submarkets that offer good school districts, high-quality retail and major employment centers. IRT aims to provide stockholders attractive risk-adjusted returns through diligent portfolio management, strong operational performance, and a consistent return on capital through distributions and capital appreciation. More information may be found on the Company's website www.irtliving.com.

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Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such forward-looking statements can generally be identified by our use of forward-looking terminology such as "will," "strategy," "expects," "seeks," "believes," "potential," or other similar words. These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, our expectations with respect to our operating performance and financial results, including our 2022 earnings guidance, timing and amount of future dividends, timing and terms of property acquisitions, dispositions, joint venture investments, developments and redevelopments and other capital expenditures, timing and terms of capital raising and other financing activity, lease pricing, revenue and expense growth, occupancy levels, supply levels, job growth, interest rates and other economic expectations, and anticipated benefits of our recently completed merger (the "STAR Merger") with Steadfast Apartment REIT, Inc. ("STAR"), including as to the amount of synergies from the STAR Merger. Such forward-looking statements involve risks, uncertainties, estimates and assumptions and our actual results may differ materially from the expectations, intentions, beliefs, plans or predictions of the future expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based upon the current beliefs and expectations of our management and are inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are difficult to predict and not within our control. In addition, these forward-looking statements are subject to assumptions with respect to future business strategies and decisions that are subject to change. Risks and uncertainties that might cause our future actual results and/or future dividends to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: (i) risks related to the impact of COVID-19 and other potential outbreaks of infectious diseases on our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and the impact of such risks on the financial condition of our residents and their ability to pay rent; (ii) the nature and duration of measures taken by federal, state and local government authorities to combat the spread of disease; (iii) changes in market demand for rental apartment homes and pricing pressures, including from competitors, that could limit our ability to lease units or increase rents or that could lead to declines in occupancy and rent levels; (iv) uncertainty and volatility in capital and credit markets, including changes that reduce availability, and increase costs, of capital; (v) increased costs on account of inflation; (vi) inability of tenants to meet their rent and other lease obligations and charge-offs in excess of our allowance for bad debt; (vii) legislative restrictions that may regulate rents or delay or limit collections of past due rents; (viii) risks endemic to real estate and the real estate industry generally; (ix) impairment charges; (x) the effects of natural and other disasters; (xi) delays in completing, and cost overruns incurred in connection with, our value add initiatives and failure to achieve projected rent increases and occupancy levels on account of the initiatives; (xii) failure to realize the cost savings, synergies and other benefits expected to result from the STAR Merger; (xiii) unexpected costs or delays in integration of the IRT and STAR businesses; (xiv) unknown or unexpected liabilities related to the STAR Merger; (xv) unexpected costs of REIT qualification compliance; (xvi) unexpected changes in our intention or ability to repay certain debt prior to maturity; (xvii) inability to sell certain assets within the time frames or at the pricing levels expected; (xviii) costs and disruptions as the result of a cybersecurity incident or other technology disruption; and (xix) share price fluctuations. Please refer to the documents filed by us with the SEC, including specifically the "Risk Factors" sections of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, and our other filings with the SEC, which identify additional factors that could cause actual results to differ from those contained in forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as may be required by law. In addition, the declaration of dividends on our common stock is subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors and depends upon a broad range of factors, including our results of operations, financial condition, capital requirements, the annual distribution requirements under the REIT provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, applicable legal requirements and such other factors as our Board of Directors may from time to time deem relevant.

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Schedule I

Independence Realty Trust, Inc.

Selected Financial Information

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

For the Three Months Ended
Jun 30, 2022	Mar 31, 2022	Dec 31, 2021	Sep 30, 2021	Jun 30, 2021
Selected Financial Information:
Operating Statistics:
Net (loss) income available to common shares	$	(7,205)	$	74,600	$	28,615	$	11,502	$	3,386
(Loss) earnings per share -- diluted	$	(0.03)	$	0.34	$	0.23	$	0.11	$	0.03
Rental and other property revenue	$	154,643	$	149,977	$	76,803	$	60,592	$	57,286
Property operating expenses	$	58,976	$	55,883	$	26,952	$	23,164	$	22,298
NOI	$	95,667	$	94,094	$	49,851	$	37,428	$	34,988

NOI margin	61.9	%	62.7	%	64.9	%	61.8	%	61.1	%

Adjusted EBITDA	$	83,228	$	81,375	$	42,301	$	31,432	$	28,729
CORE FFO per share	$	0.26	$	0.25	$	0.24	$	0.21	$	0.20
Dividends per share	$	0.14	$	0.12	$	0.12	$	0.12	$	0.12

CORE FFO payout ratio	53.8	%	48.0	%	50.0	%	57.1	%	60.0	%

Portfolio Data:
Total gross assets	$	6,801,034	$	6,731,377	$	6,785,648	$	2,114,743	$	2,133,021
Total number of operating properties	120	119	123	57	58
Total units	35,594	35,498	36,831	16,109	16,261

Period end occupancy	95.7	%	95.4	%	95.6	%	96.0	%	95.6	%
Total portfolio average occupancy	95.5	%	95.2	%	96.0	%	96.1	%	95.9	%

Total portfolio average effective monthly rent, per unit	$	1,414	$	1,374	$	1,329	$	1,212	$	1,171

Combined same store period end occupancy (a)	95.4	%	95.5	%	95.7	%	96.2	%	96.1	%
Combined same store portfolio average occupancy (a)	95.5	%	95.4	%	96.0	%	96.5	%	96.2	%

Combined same store portfolio average effective monthly rent, per unit (a)	$	1,412	$	1,373	$	1,346	$	1,305	$	1,261
Capitalization:
Total debt (b)	$	2,552,936	$	2,542,088	$	2,705,336	$	996,270	$	1,036,841
Common share price, period end	$	20.73	$	26.44	$	25.83	$	20.35	$	18.23
Market equity capitalization	$	4,729,580	$	6,031,873	$	5,882,410	$	2,150,162	$	1,926,218
Total market capitalization	$	7,282,516	$	8,573,961	$	8,587,746	$	3,146,432	$	2,963,059

Total debt/total gross assets	37.5	%	37.8	%	39.9	%	47.1	%	48.6	%
Net debt to Adjusted EBITDA (pro forma) (c)	7.4x	7.6x	7.7x	8.2x	8.5x
Interest coverage	4.0x	4.0x	3.9x	3.6x	3.4x

Common shares and OP Units:
Shares outstanding	222,060,280	221,163,391	220,753,735	105,106,714	105,109,649
OP units outstanding	6,091,171	6,970,993	6,981,841	552,360	552,360
Common shares and OP units outstanding	228,151,451	228,134,384	227,735,577	105,659,074	105,662,009
Weighted average common shares and OP units	227,964,753	227,778,484	127,046,225	107,094,044	102,584,809

(a)Combined same-store portfolio consists of 113 properties, which represent 33,804 units.

(b)Includes indebtedness associated with real estate held for sale.

(c)Reflects pro forma net debt to Adjusted EBITDA for each period presented, which includes adjustments for the timing of acquisitions, the full quarter effect of current value add initiatives, the completion of capital recycling activities including paydown of associated indebtedness, and the normalization of items impacting quarterly EBITDA. Actual net debt to Adjusted EBITDA multiples for the five quarters ended June 30, 2022 were 7.4x, 7.5x, 15.4x, 8.0x, and 9.1x, respectively.

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Schedule II

Independence Realty Trust, Inc.

Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) to Funds from Operations and Core Funds From Operations

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

For the Three Months Ended June 30,	For the Six Months Ended June 30,
2022	2021	2022	2021
Funds From Operations (FFO):
Net (loss) income	$	(7,399)	$	3,407	$	69,482	$	4,500
Add-Back (Deduct):
Real estate depreciation and amortization	72,298	16,683	150,241	33,155
Real estate depreciation and amortization from investments in unconsolidated real estate entities	515	-	515	-
Gain on sale of real estate assets, net, excluding debt extinguishment costs	-	-	(94,712)	-
FFO	$	65,414	$	20,090	$	125,526	$	37,655
FFO per share	$	0.29	$	0.20	$	0.55	$	0.37
CORE Funds From Operations (CFFO):
FFO	$	65,414	$	20,090	$	125,526	$	37,655
Add-Back (Deduct):
Other depreciation and amortization	495	80	725	160
Casualty (gains) losses, net	(5,592)	-	(6,985)	359
Loan (premium accretion) discount amortization, net	(2,741)	-	(5,495)	-
Other income (expense)	(294)	-	(673)	-
Merger and integration costs	1,307	-	3,202	-
CFFO	$	58,589	$	20,170	$	116,300	$	38,174
CFFO per share	$	0.26	$	0.20	$	0.51	$	0.37
Weighted-average shares and units outstanding	227,966,261	102,584,809	227,873,108	102,465,624

(a)Included in the three months ended March 31, 2022 is $2.4 million of stock compensation expense recorded with respect to stock awards granted during the respective period to retirement eligible employees.

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Schedule III

Independence Realty Trust, Inc.

Reconciliation of Same-Store Net Operating Income to Net Income (Loss)

(Dollars in thousands)

(unaudited)

For the Three-Months Ended
Jun 30, 2022	Mar 31, 2022	Dec 31, 2021	Sep 30, 2021	Jun 30, 2021
Reconciliation of combined same-store NOI to net income (loss):
Combined same-store portfolio NOI	$	90,735	$	89,169	$	87,014	$	84,806	$	79,315
Combined non same-store NOI	4,932	4,925	7,923	7,054	5,179
Pre-Merger STAR Portfolio NOI	-	-	(45,086)	(54,432)	(49,506)
Other revenue	120	385	113	188	158
Property management expenses	(6,139)	(5,556)	(3,221)	(2,199)	(2,176)
General and administrative expenses	(6,968)	(7,928)	(4,442)	(3,985)	(4,241)
Depreciation and amortization expense	(72,793)	(78,174)	(26,210)	(17,384)	(16,763)
Casualty gains (losses), net	5,592	1,393	-	-	-
Interest expense	(20,994)	(20,531)	(10,757)	(8,700)	(8,559)
Gain on sale of real estate assets, net	-	94,712	76,179	11,492	-
Loss on extinguishment of debt	-	-	(10,261)	-	-
Other income (expense)	294	443	-	-	-
Loss from investments in unconsolidated real estate entities	(871)	(63)	-	-	-
Merger and integration costs	(1,307)	(1,895)	(41,787)	(5,276)	-
Net (loss) income	$	(7,399)	$	76,880	$	29,465	$	11,564	$	3,407

(a)Combined same-store portfolio consists of 113 properties, which represent 33,804 units.

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Schedule IV

Independence Realty Trust, Inc.

Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) to Adjusted EBITDA and Interest Coverage Ratio

(Dollars in thousands)

(unaudited)

Three Months Ended
ADJUSTED EBITDA:	Jun 30, 2022	Mar 31, 2022	Dec 31, 2021	Sep 30, 2021	Jun 30, 2021
Net (loss) income	$	(7,399)	$	76,880	$	29,465	$	11,564	$	3,407
Add-Back (Deduct):
Depreciation and amortization	72,793	78,174	26,210	17,384	16,763
Casualty (gains) losses, net	(5,592)	(1,393)	-	-	-
Interest expense	20,994	20,531	10,757	8,700	8,559
Gain on sale of real estate assets, net	-	(94,712)	(76,179)	(11,492)	-
Loss on extinguishment of debt	-	-	10,261	-	-
Merger and integration costs	1,307	1,895	41,787	5,276	-
Adjustments to reflect the Company's share of EBITDA of investments in unconsolidated real estate entities	1,125	-	-	-	-
Adjusted EBITDA	$	83,228	$	81,375	$	42,301	$	31,432	$	28,729
INTEREST COST:
Interest expense	$	20,994	$	20,531	$	10,757	$	8,700	$	8,559
INTEREST COVERAGE:	4.0x	4.0x	3.9x	3.6x	3.4x

For the Three Months Ended June 30,	For the Six Months Ended June 30,
ADJUSTED EBITDA:	2022	2021	2022	2021
Net (loss) income	$	(7,399)	$	3,407	$	69,482	$	4,500
Add-Back (Deduct):
Depreciation and amortization	72,793	16,763	150,966	33,315
Casualty (gains) losses, net	(5,592)	-	(6,985)	359
Interest expense	20,994	8,559	41,525	16,944
Gain on sale of real estate assets, net	-	-	(94,712)	-
Merger and integration costs	1,307	-	3,202	-
Adjustments to reflect the Company's share of EBITDA of investments in unconsolidated real estate entities	1,125	-	1,125	-
Adjusted EBITDA	$	83,228	$	28,729	$	164,603	$	55,118
INTEREST COST:
Interest expense	$	20,994	$	8,559	$	41,525	$	16,944
INTEREST COVERAGE:	4.0x	3.4x	4.0x	3.3x

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Schedule V

Independence Realty Trust, Inc.

Definitions

Average Effective Monthly Rent per Unit

Average effective rent per unit represents the average of gross rent amounts, divided by the average occupancy (in units) for the period presented. We believe average effective rent is a helpful measurement in evaluating average pricing. This metric, when presented, reflects the average effective rent per month.

Average Occupancy

Average occupancy represents the average occupied units for the reporting period divided by the average of total units available for rent for the reporting period.

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA

Each of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense including amortization of deferred financing costs, income tax expense, and depreciation and amortization expenses. Adjusted EBITDA is EBITDA before certain other non-cash or non-operating gains or losses related to items such as asset sales, debt extinguishments and acquisition related debt extinguishment expenses, casualty (gains) losses and similar items including those recognized within income (loss) from investments in unconsolidated real estate entities. We consider each of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to be an appropriate supplemental measure of performance because it eliminates interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, and other non-cash or non-operating gains and losses, which permits investors to view income from operations without these non-cash or non-operating items. Our calculation of Adjusted EBITDA differs from the methodology used for calculating Adjusted EBITDA by certain other REITs and, accordingly, our Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to Adjusted EBITDA reported by other REITs.

Funds From Operations ("FFO") and Core Funds From Operations ("CFFO")

We believe that FFO and Core FFO ("CFFO"), each of which is a non-GAAP financial measure, are additional appropriate measures of the operating performance of a REIT and us in particular. We compute FFO in accordance with the standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts ("NAREIT"), as net income or loss allocated to common shares (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding real estate-related depreciation and amortization expense, gains or losses on sales of real estate and the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles. While our calculation of FFO is in accordance with NAREIT's definition, it may differ from the methodology for calculating FFO utilized by other REITs and, accordingly, may not be comparable to FFO computations of such other REITs.

CFFO is a computation made by analysts and investors to measure a real estate company's operating performance by removing the effect of items that do not reflect ongoing property operations, including depreciation and amortization of other items not included in FFO, and other non-cash or non-operating gains or losses related to items such as casualty (gains) losses, loan premium accretion and discount amortization, debt extinguishment costs, and merger and integration costs from the determination of FFO.

Our calculation of CFFO may differ from the methodology used for calculating CFFO by other REITs and, accordingly, our CFFO may not be comparable to CFFO reported by other REITs. Our management utilizes FFO and CFFO as measures of our operating performance, and believe they are also useful to investors, because they facilitate an understanding of our operating performance after adjustment for certain non-cash or non-recurring items that are required by GAAP to be expensed but may not necessarily be indicative of current operating performance and our operating performance between periods. Furthermore, although FFO, CFFO and other supplemental performance measures are defined in various ways throughout the REIT industry, we believe that FFO and CFFO may provide us and our investors with an additional useful measure to compare our financial performance to certain other REITs. Neither FFO nor CFFO is equivalent to net income or cash generated from operating activities determined in accordance with GAAP. Furthermore, FFO and CFFO do not represent amounts available for management's discretionary use because of needed capital replacement or expansion, debt service obligations or other commitments or uncertainties. Accordingly, FFO and CFFO do not

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measure whether cash flow is sufficient to fund all of our cash needs, including principal amortization and capital improvements. Neither FFO nor CFFO should be considered as an alternative to net income or any other GAAP measurement as an indicator of our operating performance or as an alternative to cash flow from operating, investing, and financing activities as a measure of our liquidity.

Interest Coverage

Interest coverage is a ratio computed by dividing Adjusted EBITDA by interest expense.

Net Debt

Net debt, a non-GAAP financial measure, equals total debt less cash and cash equivalents and loan premiums and discounts. The following table provides a reconciliation of total debt to net debt (Dollars in thousands).

We present net debt because management believes it is a useful measure of our credit position and progress toward reducing leverage. The calculation is limited because we may not always be able to use cash to repay debt on a dollar for dollar basis.

As of
Jun 30, 2022	Mar 31, 2022	Dec 31, 2021	Sep 30, 2021	Jun 30, 2021
Total debt	$	2,552,936	$	2,542,088	$	2,705,336	$	1,018,729	$	1,056,463
Less: cash and cash equivalents	(11,378)	(23,971)	(35,972)	(8,720)	(7,566)
Less: loan discounts and premiums, net	(66,091)	(68,832)	(71,586)	-	-
Total net debt	$	2,475,467	$	2,449,285	$	2,597,778	$	1,010,009	$	1,048,897

Net Operating Income

We believe that Net Operating Income ("NOI"), a non-GAAP financial measure, is a useful measure of our operating performance. We define NOI as total property revenues less total property operating expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization, casualty related costs, property management expenses, general administrative expenses, interest expense, and net gains on sale of assets.

Other REITs may use different methodologies for calculating NOI, and accordingly, our NOI may not be comparable to other REITs. We believe that this measure provides an operating perspective not immediately apparent from GAAP operating income or net income. We use NOI to evaluate our performance on a same-store and non same-store basis because NOI measures the core operations of property performance by excluding corporate level expenses and other items not related to property operating performance and captures trends in rental housing and property operating expenses. However, NOI should only be used as an alternative measure of our financial performance.

Same-Store Properties and Same-Store Portfolio

We review our same-store portfolio at the beginning of each calendar year. Properties are added into the same-store portfolio if they were owned at the beginning of the previous year. Properties that are held-for-sale or have been sold are excluded from the same-store portfolio. Because our portfolio of properties changed significantly as a result of our STAR Merger, which closed on December 16, 2021, we may also present, as described below, information on the IRT Same-Store Portfolio, STAR Same-Store Portfolio and Combined Same-Store Portfolio.

IRT Same-Store Portfolio

IRT Same-Store Portfolio represents the 48 properties that IRT owned and consolidated as of January 1, 2021 and through June 30, 2022 (other than properties held for sale as of June 30, 2022).

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STAR Same-Store Portfolio

STAR Same-Store Portfolio represents the 65 properties that STAR owned and consolidated as of January 1, 2021 and that, following the consummation of the Merger on December 16, 2021, continued to be owned and consolidated by IRT through June 30, 2022 (other than properties held for sale as of June 30, 2022).

Combined Same-Store Portfolio

Combined Same-Store Portfolio represents the combination of the IRT Same-Store Portfolio and the STAR Same-Store Portfolio considered as a single portfolio of 113 properties.

Pre-Merger STAR Portfolio NOI

In order to reconcile Combined Same-Store NOI to net income for periods prior to our December 16, 2021 merger with STAR, our reconciliation excludes NOI generated by the STAR Portfolio because IRT did not own these properties prior to December 16, 2021.

Total Gross Assets

Total Gross Assets equals total assets plus accumulated depreciation and accumulated amortization, including fully depreciated or amortized real estate and real estate related assets. The following table provides a reconciliation of total assets to total gross assets (dollars in thousands).

As of
Jun 30, 2022	Mar 31, 2022	Dec 31, 2021	Sep 30, 2021	Jun 30, 2021
Total assets	$	6,386,634	$	6,387,322	$	6,506,696	$	1,846,911	$	1,875,122
Plus: accumulated depreciation (a)	337,338	291,199	254,123	247,563	237,684
Plus: accumulated amortization	77,062	52,856	24,829	20,269	20,215
Total gross assets	$	6,801,034	$	6,731,377	$	6,785,648	$	2,114,743	$	2,133,021

(a)Includes accumulated depreciation associated with real estate held for sale.

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