Key points of the announcement:
A comprehensive proteomic analysis of samples from the Okinawa HTLV-1/ATL Biobank revealed that the expression level of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (sTNFR2) was elevated in ATL patients compared to asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers
As a biomarker, sTNFR2 in the blood plasma of ATL patients is expected to be more sensitive and more specific than other biomarkers previously reported. Although it is known that several proteins are found at higher levels in ATL patients, this study has discovered a proteomic biomarker with enhanced sensitivity and specificity
Observation of sTNFR2 expression levels may help in the early diagnosis of ATL onset in HTLV-1 carriers. This may also help ATL patients through improvement of therapeutic outcomes, evaluation of treatment response, and prediction of prognosis
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a mature T-cell neoplasm associated with human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1). Studies have shown that
A 2008 to 2010 nationwide survey conducted by the scientific research arm of
Nevertheless, treatment of ATL remains exceptionally challenging, and the acute and lymphoma subtypes are known to be aggressive. Aggressive ATL patients typically have a poor prognosis, with a median survival time of 8 to 10 months. To diagnose early ATL onset and improve the treatment of ATL, research is being conducted to identify ATL risk factors among HTLV-1 carriers, and although a high proviral load is known to be a risk factor for ATL progression, a definitive factor that can be used to predict the onset of ATL has yet to be identified. Moreover, ATL is known to increase the levels of plasma proteins such as lactase dehydrogenase and soluble interleukin-2 receptor, but this increase is not specific to ATL and is not as useful as a predictor of ATL onset.
According to the Okinawa HTLV-1/ATL Research Network, a research group which is connected to various hospitals in
Through SOMAscan, a proteomic analysis platform provided by US-based
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a cytokine, and the subtype, TNFalpha, induces apoptosis of solid tumor cells. TNFalpha is also known to be involved in the induction of inflammation and apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumorigenesis. TNFR2 is one of the receptors of TNFalpha, and is involved in the proliferation of tumors. sTNFR2 refers to TNFR2 that have shed from the surface of cells and are freely floating in the blood. This study has also revealed that TNFR2 are highly expressed on acute ATL cell surfaces. To date, there have been no research findings indicating elevated TNFR2 levels in ATL patients, and the results of this study represent the potential clinical utility of sTNFR2 as a biomarker to diagnose acute ATL.
Looking ahead, the clinical significance of elevated sTNFR2 levels in onset prediction, early diagnosis, and prognosis prediction should be examined. Moreover, analyzing the mechanism by which TNFR2 is released from the surface of cells may prove to be important in paving the way for new treatment options.
References:
(1) Gessain A, Cassar O (2012) Epidemiological aspects and world distribution of HTLV-1 infection. Front Microbiol 3: 388.
(2) Nosaka K, Iwanaga M, Imaizumi Y, Ishitsuka K, Ishizawa K, Ishida Y, Amano M, Ishida T, Uike N, Utsunomiya A, Ohshima K, Kawai K, Tanaka J, Tokura Y, Tobinai K, Watanabe T, Uchimaru K, Tsukasaki K (2017) Epidemiology and clinical features of adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma in
(3) Satake M, Yamaguchi K, Tadokoro K (2012) Current prevalence of HTLV-1 in
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