SBA COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION We are a leading independent owner and operator of wireless communications infrastructure, including tower structures, rooftops, and other structures that support antennas used for wireless communications, which we collectively refer to as "towers" or "sites." Our principal operations are inthe United States and its territories. In addition, we own and operate towers inSouth America ,Central America ,Canada ,South Africa ,the Philippines , andTanzania . Our primary business line is our site leasing business, which contributed 96.9% of our total segment operating profit for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 . In our site leasing business, we (1) lease space to wireless service providers and other customers on assets that we own or operate and (2) manage rooftop and tower sites for property owners under various contractual arrangements. As ofMarch 31, 2022 , we owned 36,017 towers, a substantial portion of which have been built by us or built by other tower owners or operators who, like us, have built such towers to lease space to multiple wireless service providers. Our other business line is our site development business, through which we assist wireless service providers in developing and maintaining their own wireless service networks.
Our primary focus is the leasing of antenna space on our multi-tenant towers to a variety of wireless service providers under long-term lease contracts inthe United States ,South America ,Central America ,Canada ,South Africa ,the Philippines , andTanzania . As ofMarch 31, 2022 , noU.S. state or territory accounted for more than 10% of our total tower portfolio by tower count, and noU.S. state or territory accounted for more than 10% of our total revenues for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 . In addition, as ofMarch 31, 2022 , approximately 30% of our total towers are located inBrazil and no other international markets (each country is considered a market) represented more than 4% of our total towers. We derive site leasing revenues primarily from wireless service 18
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provider tenants, including T-Mobile, AT&T,
Inthe United States and our international markets, our tenant leases are generally for an initial term of five years to 15 years with multiple renewal periods at the option of the tenant. Inthe United States ,Canada , and in our Central American markets, tenant leases typically contain specific rent escalators, which average 3-4% per year, including the renewal option periods. In our South American markets,South Africa , andthe Philippines , tenant leases typically escalate annually in accordance with an inflationary index. InTanzania , tenant leases typically escalate using a combination of fixed and inflation adjusted escalators. Site leases in our South American markets typically provide for a fixed rental amount and a pass-through charge for the underlying rent related to ground leases and other property interests. InSouth Africa , our site leases contain pass through charges related to utilities and, inTanzania , our site leases include components related to utilities and fuel. The utility and fuel portion of our Tanzanian site leases adjust periodically in accordance with changes in fuel and electricity prices. In certain markets such asBrazil , tenant leases are typically governed by master lease agreements, which provide for the material terms and conditions that will govern the terms of the use of the site. Cost of site leasing revenue primarily consists of: ?Cash and non-cash rental expense on ground leases and other underlying property interests; ?Property taxes; ?Site maintenance and monitoring costs (exclusive of employee related costs); ?Utilities; ?Property insurance; ?Fuel (in those international markets that do not have an available electric grid at our tower sites); and ?Lease initial direct cost amortization. Inthe United States and our international markets, ground leases and other property interests are generally for an initial term of five years or more with multiple renewal periods, which are at our option. Inthe United States ,Canada , our Central American markets, andthe Philippines , ground leases and other property interests provide for fixed rent escalators which typically average 2-3% annually, and in our South American markets andSouth Africa , ground leases adjust in accordance with an inflationary index. As ofMarch 31, 2022 , approximately 71% of our tower structures were located on parcels of land that we own, land subject to perpetual easements, or parcels of land in which we have a leasehold interest that extends beyond 20 years. For any given tower, costs are relatively fixed over a monthly or an annual time period. As such, operating costs for owned towers do not generally increase as a result of adding additional customers to the tower. The amount of property taxes varies from site to site depending on the taxing jurisdiction and the height and age of the tower. The ongoing maintenance requirements are typically minimal and include replacing lighting systems, painting a tower, or upgrading or repairing an access road or fencing. In our Central American markets andEcuador , significantly all of our revenue, expenses, and capital expenditures arising from our new build activities are denominated inU.S. dollars. Specifically, most of our ground leases and other property interests, tenant leases, and tower-related expenses are paid inU.S. dollars. In our Central American markets, our local currency obligations are principally limited to (1) permitting and other local fees, (2) utilities, and (3) taxes. InBrazil ,Canada ,Chile ,South Africa , andthe Philippines , significantly all of our revenue, expenses, and capital expenditures, including tenant leases, ground leases and other property interests, and other tower-related expenses are denominated in local currency. InColombia ,Argentina ,Peru , andTanzania , our revenue, expenses, and capital expenditures, including tenant leases, ground leases and other property interests, and other tower-related expenses are denominated in a mix of local currency andU.S. dollars.
As indicated in the table below, our site leasing business generates substantially all of our total segment operating profit. For information regarding our operating segments, see Note 14 of our condensed notes to consolidated financial statements included in this quarterly report.
For the three months ended
Segment operating profit as a percentage of March 31,
total operating profit 2022 2021
Domestic site leasing 78.7% 80.8%
International site leasing 18.2% 17.0%
Total site leasing 96.9% 97.8%
We believe that the site leasing business continues to be attractive due to its
long-term contracts, built-in rent escalators, high operating margins, and low
customer churn (which refers to when a customer does not renew its lease or
cancels its lease prior to the end of its term) other than in connection with
customer consolidation or cessation of a particular technology. We believe that
over the
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long-term, site leasing revenues will continue to grow as wireless service providers lease additional antenna space on our towers due to increasing minutes of network use and data transfer, network expansion and network coverage requirements.
During the remainder of 2022, we expect organic site leasing revenue in both our domestic and international segments to increase over 2021 levels due in part to wireless carriers deploying unused spectrum. We believe our site leasing business is characterized by stable and long-term recurring revenues, predictable operating costs and minimal non-discretionary capital expenditures. Due to the relatively young age and mix of our tower portfolio, we expect future expenditures required to maintain these towers to be minimal. Consequently, we expect to grow our cash flows by (1) adding tenants to our towers at minimal incremental costs by using existing tower capacity or requiring wireless service providers to bear all or a portion of the cost of tower modifications and (2) executing monetary amendments as wireless service providers add or upgrade their equipment. Furthermore, because our towers are strategically positioned, we have historically experienced low tenant lease terminations as a percentage of revenue other than in connection with customer consolidation or cessations of a specific technology.Site Development Our site development business, which is conducted inthe United States only, is complementary to our site leasing business and provides us the ability to keep in close contact with the wireless service providers who generate substantially all of our site leasing revenue and to capture ancillary revenues that are generated by our site leasing activities, such as antenna and equipment installation at our tower locations. Site development revenues are earned primarily from providing a full range of end to end services to wireless service providers or companies providing development or project management services to wireless service providers. Our services include: (1) network pre-design; (2) site audits; (3) identification of potential locations for towers and antennas on existing infrastructure; (4) support in leasing of the location; (5) assistance in obtaining zoning approvals and permits; (6) tower and related site construction; (7) antenna installation; and (8) radio equipment installation, commissioning, and maintenance. We provide site development services at our towers and at towers owned by others on a local basis, through regional, market, and project offices. The market offices are responsible for all site development operations.
For information regarding our operating segments, see Note 14 of our condensed notes to consolidated financial statements in this quarterly report.
Capital Allocation Strategy
Our capital allocation strategy is aimed at increasing shareholder value through investment in quality assets that meet our return criteria, stock repurchases when we believe our stock price is below its intrinsic value, and by returning cash generated by our operations in the form of cash dividends. While the addition of a cash dividend to our capital allocation strategy in 2019 has provided us with a new tool to return value to our shareholders, we continue to believe that our priority is to make investments focused on increasing Adjusted Funds From Operations per share. Key elements of our capital allocation strategy include: Portfolio Growth. We intend to continue to grow our asset portfolio, domestically and internationally, primarily through tower acquisitions and the construction of new towers that meet our internal return on invested capital criteria. Stock Repurchase Program. We currently utilize stock repurchases as part of our capital allocation policy when we believe our share price is below its intrinsic value. We believe that share repurchases, when purchased at the right price, will facilitate our goal of increasing our Adjusted Funds From Operations per share. Dividend. Cash dividends are an additional component of our strategy of returning value to shareholders. We do not expect our dividend to require any changes in our leverage and believe that, due to our low dividend payout ratio, we can continue to focus on building and buying quality assets and opportunistically buying back our stock. While the timing and amount of future dividends will be subject to approval by our Board of Directors, we believe that our future cash flow generation will permit us to grow our cash dividend in the future.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
We have identified the policies and significant estimation processes listed below and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K as critical to our business operations and the understanding of our results of operations. The listing is not intended to be a comprehensive list. In many cases, the accounting treatment of a particular transaction is specifically dictated by accounting principles generally accepted inthe United States , with no need for management's judgment in their application. In other cases, management is required to exercise judgment in the application of accounting principles with respect to particular transactions. The impact and any associated risks related to these policies on our business operations is discussed throughout "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial 20
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Condition and Results of Operations" where such policies affect reported and expected financial results. For a detailed discussion on the application of these and other accounting policies, see Note 2 of our consolidated financial statements contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 . Our preparation of our financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. There can be no assurance that actual results will not differ from those estimates and such differences could be significant.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This report presents our financial results and other financial metrics on a GAAP basis and with respect to our international and consolidated results after eliminating the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates. We believe that providing these financial results and metrics on a constant currency basis, which are non-GAAP measures, gives management and investors the ability to evaluate the performance of our business without the impact of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. We eliminate the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates by dividing the current period's financial results by the average monthly exchange rates of the prior year period, as well as by eliminating the impact of realized and unrealized gains and losses on our intercompany loans.
Three Months Ended
For the three months ended Constant
March 31, Foreign Constant Currency
2022 2021 Currency Impact Currency Change % Change
Revenues (in thousands)
Domestic site leasing $ 432,986 $ 403,579 $ - $ 29,407 7.3%
International site leasing 126,446 101,524 2,268 22,654 22.3%
Site development 60,338 43,636 - 16,702 38.3%
Total $ 619,770 $ 548,739 $ 2,268 $ 68,763 12.5%
Cost of Revenues
Domestic site leasing $ 65,804 $ 65,120 $ - $ 684 1.1%
International site leasing 41,351 30,248 785 10,318 34.1%
Site development 45,773 34,406 - 11,367 33.0%
Total $ 152,928 $ 129,774 $ 785 $ 22,369 17.2%
Operating Profit
Domestic site leasing $ 367,182 $ 338,459 $ - $ 28,723 8.5%
International site leasing 85,095 71,276 1,483 12,336 17.3%
Site development 14,565 9,230 - 5,335 57.8%
Revenues
Domestic site leasing revenues increased $29.4 million for the three months
ended March 31, 2022 , as compared to the prior year, primarily due to (1)
revenues from 824 towers acquired (including wireless tenant licenses on 713
utility transmission structures from the PG&E transaction) and towers built
since January 1, 2021 and (2) organic site leasing growth, primarily from
monetary lease amendments for additional equipment added to our towers as well
as new leases and contractual rent escalators, partially offset by lease
non-renewals.
International site leasing revenues increased $24.9 million for the three months
ended March 31, 2022 , as compared to the prior year. On a constant currency
basis, international site leasing revenues increased $22.7 million . These
changes were primarily due to (1) revenues from 1,974 towers acquired (including
1,445 towers under the deal with Airtel Tanzania ) and 412 towers built since
January 1, 2021 and (2) organic site leasing growth from new leases, amendments,
and contractual escalators, partially offset by lease non-renewals. Site leasing
revenue in Brazil represented 11.7% of total site leasing revenue for the
period. No other individual international market represented more than 4% of our
total site leasing revenue.
Site development revenues increased
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Operating Profit
Domestic site leasing segment operating profit increased$28.7 million for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , as compared to the prior year, primarily due to additional profit generated by (1) towers acquired and built sinceJanuary 1, 2021 and organic site leasing growth as noted above, (2) continued control of our site leasing cost of revenue, and (3) the positive impact of our ground lease purchase program. International site leasing segment operating profit increased$13.8 million for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , as compared to the prior year. On a constant currency basis, international site leasing segment operating profit increased$12.3 million . These changes were primarily due to additional profit generated by (1) towers acquired and built sinceJanuary 1, 2021 and organic site leasing growth as noted above, (2) continued control of our site leasing cost of revenue, and (3) the positive impact of our ground lease purchase program.
Site development segment operating profit increased
Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses:
For the three months ended Constant
March 31, Foreign Constant Currency
Currency
2022 2021 Currency Impact Change % Change
(in thousands)
Domestic site leasing $ 23,373 $ 28,056 $ - $ (4,683) (16.7%)
International site leasing 15,494 7,760 (144) 7,878 101.5%
Total site leasing $ 38,867 $ 35,816 $ (144) $ 3,195 8.9%
Site development 5,522 5,789 - (267) (4.6%)
Other 17,735 9,996 - 7,739 77.4%
Total $ 62,124 $ 51,601 $ (144) $ 10,667 20.7%
Selling, general, and administrative expenses increased $10.5 million for the
three months ended March 31, 2022 , as compared to the prior year. On a constant
currency basis, selling, general, and administrative expenses increased $10.7
million . These changes were primarily as a result of an increase in non-cash
compensation, personnel, and other support related costs due in part to our
entry into new markets.
The decrease in Domestic site leasing and corresponding increases in International site leasing and Other selling, general, and administrative expenses are primarily due to changes in our internal cost allocations.
Asset Impairment and Decommission Costs:
For the three months ended Constant
March 31, Foreign Constant Currency
2022 2021 Currency Impact Currency Change % Change
(in thousands)
Domestic site leasing $ 5,483 $ 3,871 $ - $ 1,612 41.6%
International site leasing 3,029 1,032 80 1,917 185.8%
Total $ 8,512 $ 4,903 $ 80 $ 3,529 72.0%
Asset impairment and decommission costs increased $3.6 million for the three
months ended March 31, 2022 , as compared to the prior year. On a constant
currency basis, asset impairment and decommission costs increased $3.5 million .
These changes were primarily as a result of an increase in impairment charges
resulting from our regular analysis of whether the anticipated future discounted
cash flows from certain towers are sufficient to recover the carrying value of
the investment in those towers, partially offset by a decrease in costs related
to sites decommissioned in the first quarter of 2022 compared to the prior year
period.
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Depreciation, Accretion, and Amortization Expense:
For the three months ended Constant
March 31, Foreign Constant Currency
Currency
2022 2021 Currency Impact Change % Change
(in thousands)
Domestic site leasing $ 123,133 $ 137,054 $ - $ (13,921) (10.2%)
International site leasing 48,881 43,121 839 4,921 11.4%
Total site leasing $ 172,014 $ 180,175 $ 839 $ (9,000) (5.0%)
Site development 588 2,082 - (1,494) (71.8%)
Other 1,721 1,624 - 97 6.0%
Total $ 174,323 $ 183,881 $ 839 $ (10,397) (5.7%)
Depreciation, accretion, and amortization expense decreased $9.6 million for the
three months ended March 31, 2022 , as compared to the prior year. On a constant
currency basis, depreciation, accretion, and amortization expense decreased
$10.4 million . These changes were primarily due to the impact of assets that
became fully depreciated since the prior year period, partially offset by an
increase in the number of towers we acquired and built since January 1, 2021 .
Operating Income (Expense):
For the three months ended Constant
March 31, Foreign Constant Currency
Currency
2022 2021 Currency Impact Change % Change
(in thousands)
Domestic site leasing $ 211,594 $ 166,146 $ - $ 45,448 27.4%
International site leasing 16,186 17,694 696 (2,204) (12.5%)
Total site leasing $ 227,780 $ 183,840 $ 696 $ 43,244 23.5%
Site development 8,455 1,359 - 7,096 522.1%
Other (19,456) (11,620) - (7,836) 67.4%
Total $ 216,779 $ 173,579 $ 696 $ 42,504 24.5%
Domestic site leasing operating income increased $45.4 million for the three
months ended March 31, 2022 , as compared to the prior year, primarily due to
higher segment operating profit, decreases in depreciation, accretion, and
amortization expense and selling, general, and administrative expenses,
partially offset by an increase in asset impairment and decommission costs.
International site leasing operating income decreased $1.5 million for the three
months ended March 31, 2022 , as compared to the prior year. On a constant
currency basis, international site leasing operating income decreased $2.2
million . These changes were primarily due to increases in selling, general, and
administrative expenses, depreciation, accretion, and amortization expense, and
asset impairment and decommission costs, partially offset by higher segment
operating profit.
Site development operating income increased $7.1 million for the three months
ended March 31, 2022 , as compared to the prior year, primarily due to higher
segment operating profit driven by more activity from T-Mobile and DISH
Wireless .
Other Income (Expense):
For the three months ended Constant
March 31, Foreign Constant Currency
Currency
2022 2021 Impact Currency Change % Change
(in thousands)
Interest income $ 2,502 $ 632 $ 75 $ 1,795 284.0%
Interest expense (82,252) (90,095) - 7,843 (8.7%)
Non-cash interest expense (11,526) (11,804) - 278 (2.4%)
Amortization of deferred
financing fees (4,881) (4,891) - 10 (0.2%)
Loss from extinguishment of
debt, net - (11,652) - 11,652 (100.0%)
Other income (expense), net 108,161 (88,436) 196,397 200 (10.8%)
Total $ 12,004 $ (206,246) $ 196,472 $ 21,778 (18.2%)
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Interest income increased$1.9 million for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , as compared to the prior year. This change was primarily due to a higher amount of interest-bearing deposits held inBrazil and higher effective interest rates on those deposits as compared to the prior year. Interest expense decreased$7.8 million for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , as compared to the prior year. This change was primarily due to a lower weighted average interest rate, partially offset by a higher average principal amount of cash-interest bearing debt outstanding. Loss from extinguishment of debt was$11.7 million for the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 representing the payment of a$7.5 million call premium and the write-off of$4.2 million of unamortized financing fees related to the repayment of the 2017 Senior Notes inFebruary 2021 . Other expense, net includes a$109.6 million gain on the remeasurement ofU.S. dollar denominated intercompany loans with foreign subsidiaries for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , while the prior year period included a$86.3 million loss.
(Provision) Benefit for Income Taxes:
For the three months ended Constant
March 31, Foreign Constant Currency
Currency
2022 2021 Impact Currency Change % Change
(in thousands)
(Provision) benefit for
income taxes $ (40,477) $ 20,922 $ (69,026) $ 7,627 (90.5%)
Provision for income taxes increased $61.4 million for the three months ended
March 31, 2022 , as compared to the prior year primarily due to fluctuations in
foreign currency exchange rates, partially offset by a decrease in deferred
foreign taxes.
Net Income (Loss):
For the three months ended Constant
March 31, Foreign Constant Currency
Currency
2022 2021 Impact Currency Change % Change
(in thousands)
Net income (loss) $ 188,306 $ (11,745) $ 128,142 $ 71,909 158.0%
Net income increased
NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
This report contains information regarding Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP measure. We have provided below a description of Adjusted EBITDA, a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to its most directly comparable GAAP measure and an explanation as to why management utilizes this measure. As discussed above, this report also presents our financial results and other financial metrics after eliminating the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates. We believe that providing these financial results and metrics on a constant currency basis, which are non-GAAP measures, gives management and investors the ability to evaluate the performance of our business without the impact of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. We eliminate the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates by dividing the current period's financial results by the average monthly exchange rates of the prior year period, as well as by eliminating the impact of the remeasurement of our intercompany loans.
Adjusted EBITDA
We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income excluding the impact of non-cash
straight-line leasing revenue, non-cash straight-line ground lease expense,
non-cash compensation, net loss from extinguishment of debt, other income and
expenses, acquisition and new business initiatives related adjustments and
expenses, asset impairment and decommission costs, interest income, interest
expenses, depreciation, accretion, and amortization, and income taxes.
We believe that Adjusted EBITDA is useful to investors or other interested
parties in evaluating our financial performance. Adjusted EBITDA is the primary
measure used by management (1) to evaluate the economic productivity of our
operations and (2) for purposes of making decisions about allocating resources
to, and assessing the performance of, our operations. Management believes
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that Adjusted EBITDA helps investors or other interested parties to meaningfully
evaluate and compare the results of our operations (1) from period to period and
(2) to our competitors, by excluding the impact of our capital structure
(primarily interest charges from our outstanding debt) and asset base (primarily
depreciation, amortization and accretion) from our financial results. Management
also believes Adjusted EBITDA is frequently used by investors or other
interested parties in the evaluation of REITs. In addition, Adjusted EBITDA is
similar to the measure of current financial performance generally used by our
lenders to determine compliance with certain covenants under our Senior Credit
Agreement and the indentures relating to the 2020 Senior Notes and 2021 Senior
Notes. Adjusted EBITDA should be considered only as a supplement to net income
computed in accordance with GAAP as a measure of our performance.
For the three months ended Constant
March 31, Foreign Constant Currency
Currency
2022 2021 Currency Impact Change % Change
(in thousands)
Net income (loss) $ 188,306 $ (11,745) $ 128,142 $ 71,909 158.0%
Non-cash straight-line
leasing revenue (8,001) (576) 50 (7,475) 1,297.7%
Non-cash straight-line
ground lease expense 1,053 2,641 (5) (1,583) (59.9%)
Non-cash compensation 24,747 20,422 54 4,271 20.9%
Loss from extinguishment of
debt, net - 11,652 - (11,652) (100.0%)
Other (income) expense, net (108,161) 88,436 (196,397) (200) (10.8%)
Acquisition and new business
initiatives
related adjustments and
expenses 5,104 5,001 12 91 1.8%
Asset impairment and
decommission costs 8,512 4,903 80 3,529 72.0%
Interest income (2,502) (632) (75) (1,795) 284.0%
Interest expense (1) 98,659 106,790 - (8,131) (7.6%)
Depreciation, accretion, and
amortization 174,323 183,881 839 (10,397) (5.7%)
Provision (benefit) for
income taxes (2) 41,711 (20,702) 69,026 (6,613) (76.5%)
Adjusted EBITDA $ 423,751 $ 390,071 $ 1,726 $ 31,954 8.2%
(1)Total interest expense includes interest expense, non-cash interest expense,
and amortization of deferred financing fees.
(2)Provision (benefit) for taxes includes $1,234 and $220 of franchise taxes for
the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, reflected in
selling, general, and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of
Operations.
Adjusted EBITDA increased $33.7 million for the three months ended March 31,
2022 , as compared to the prior year period. On a constant currency basis,
Adjusted EBITDA increased $32.0 million . These changes were primarily due to an
increase in segment operating profit, partially offset by an increase in cash
selling, general, and administrative expenses.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
SBA Communications Corporation ("SBAC") is a holding company with no business operations of its own. SBAC's only significant asset is 100% of the outstanding capital stock ofSBA Telecommunications, LLC ("Telecommunications"), which is also a holding company that owns equity interests in entities that directly or indirectly own all of our domestic and international towers and assets. We conduct all of our business operations through Telecommunications' subsidiaries. Accordingly, our only source of cash to pay our obligations, other than financings, is distributions with respect to our ownership interest in our subsidiaries from the net earnings and cash flow generated by these subsidiaries. ? 25
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A summary of our cash flows is as follows:
For the three months ended March
31,
2022 2021
(in thousands)
Cash provided by operating activities $ 292,482 $ 285,498
Cash used in investing activities (255,881) (1,076,584)
Cash (used in) provided by financing activities (151,750) 701,343
Change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash (115,149) (89,743) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equiv., and restricted cash
15,961 (10,880) Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period
435,626 342,808
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of
period $ 336,438 $ 242,185
Operating Activities
Cash provided by operating activities was $292.5 million for the three months
ended March 31, 2022 as compared to $285.5 million for the three months ended
March 31, 2021 . The increase was primarily due to an increase in operating
profit, partially offset by an increase in cash outflows associated with working
capital changes.
Investing Activities
A detail of our cash capital expenditures is as follows:
For the three months ended March
31,
2022 2021
(in thousands)
Acquisitions of towers and related intangible assets (1)
- (945,915)
Land buyouts and other assets (3) (7,318) (5,131)
Construction and related costs (16,477) (8,823)
Augmentation and tower upgrades (9,274) (7,560)
Tower maintenance (9,327) (7,313)
General corporate (2,930) (840)
Other investing activities (2,692) 628
Net cash used in investing activities $
(255,881)
(1)During the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , we closed on 1,445 sites under the previously announced deal withAirtel Tanzania for$176.1 million . Legal title was fully transferred at closing for 963 of the towers. The remaining 482 towers are pending post-closing site level documentation and due diligence and were initially accounted for as acquired and other right-of-use assets, net on the consolidated balance sheet until transfer of title for these towers is completed, which we anticipate to be in tranches through the end of the second quarter of 2023. Upon legal transfer, these assets will be reclassified to tower related assets. During this period of time, we have all the economic rights and obligations related to these towers. (2)During the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 , we acquired the exclusive right to lease and operate 697 utility transmission structures, which included existing wireless tenant licenses from PG&E for$954.0 million . The difference between the purchase price and the cash acquisition amount is due to working capital adjustments. (3)Excludes$3.8 million and$2.8 million spent to extend ground lease terms for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Subsequent toMarch 31, 2022 , we purchased, or are under contract to purchase, 358 communication sites and one data center for an aggregate consideration of$177.1 million in cash. For 2022, we expect to incur non-discretionary cash capital expenditures associated with tower maintenance and general corporate expenditures of$47.0 million to$57.0 million and discretionary cash capital expenditures, based on current or potential acquisition obligations, planned new tower construction, forecasted tower augmentations, and forecasted ground lease purchases, of$615.0 million to$635.0 million . We expect to fund these cash capital expenditures from, among other sources, cash on hand, cash flow from operations, and borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility or new financings. The exact amount of our future cash 26
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capital expenditures will depend on a number of factors, including amounts necessary to support our tower portfolio, our new tower build and acquisition programs, and our ground lease purchase program.
Financing Activities
A detail of our financing activities is as follows:
For the three months ended
March 31,
2022 2021
(in thousands)
Net borrowings under Revolving Credit Facility (1)
210,000
Proceeds from issuance of Senior Notes, net of fees (1) -
1,485,670
Repayment of Senior Notes (1) -
(757,500)
Repurchase and retirement of common stock (2) (431,667)
(168,923)
Payment of dividends on common stock (76,873)
(63,412)
Proceeds from employee stock purchase/stock option plans, net of taxes
1,608 2,015
Other financing activities 25,182
(6,507)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
701,343
(1)For additional information regarding our debt instruments and financings,
refer to "Debt Instruments and Debt Service Requirements" below.
(2)For additional information, refer to Item 2. Issuer Purchases of
Dividends
For the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , we paid the following cash dividends: Payable to Shareholders of Record at the Close Cash Paid Aggregate Amount Date Declared of Business on Per Share Paid Date Paid February 27, 2022 March 10, 2022$0.71 $76.9 million March 25, 2022
Dividends paid in 2022 were ordinary taxable dividends.
Subsequent to
Payable to Shareholders Cash to
of Record at the Close be Paid
Date Declared of Business on Per Share Date to be Paid
April 24, 2022 May 19, 2022 $0.71 June 14, 2022
The amount of future distributions will be determined, from time to time, by our
Board of Directors to balance our goal of increasing long-term shareholder value
and retaining sufficient cash to implement our current capital allocation
policy, which prioritizes investment in quality assets that meet our return
criteria, and then stock repurchases when we believe our stock price is below
its intrinsic value. The actual amount, timing, and frequency of future
dividends will be at the sole discretion of our Board of Directors and will be
declared based upon various factors, many of which are beyond our control.
Registration Statements
We have on file with theSecurities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") a shelf registration statement on Form S-4 registering shares of Class A common stock that we may issue in connection with the acquisition of wireless communication towers or antenna sites and related assets or companies who own wireless communication towers, antenna sites, or related assets. During the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , we did not issue any shares of Class A common stock under this registration statement. As ofMarch 31, 2022 , we had approximately 1.2 million shares of Class A common stock remaining under this registration statement. We have on file with the Commission an automatic shelf registration statement for well-known seasoned issuers on Form S-3ASR, which enables us to issue shares of our Class A common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, warrants, or depositary shares 27
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as well as units that include any of these securities. We will file a prospectus supplement containing the amount and type of securities each time we issue securities under our automatic shelf registration statement on Form S-3ASR. No securities were issued under this registration statement through the date of this filing.
Debt Instruments and Debt Service Requirements
Revolving Credit Facility under the Senior Credit Agreement
The Revolving Credit Facility consists of a revolving loan under which up to$1.5 billion aggregate principal amount may be borrowed, repaid and redrawn, based upon specific financial ratios and subject to the satisfaction of other customary conditions to borrowing. Amounts borrowed under the Revolving Credit Facility accrue interest, atSBA Senior Finance II's election, at either (1) the Eurodollar Rate plus a margin that ranges from 112.5 basis points to 150.0 basis points or (2) the Base Rate plus a margin that ranges from 12.5 basis points to 50.0 basis points, in each case based on the ratio of Consolidated Net Debt to Annualized Borrower EBITDA, calculated in accordance with the Senior Credit Agreement. In addition,SBA Senior Finance II LLC , our wholly owned subsidiary ("SBA Senior Finance II") is required to pay a commitment fee of between 0.15% and 0.25% per annum on the amount of unused commitment. If not earlier terminated bySBA Senior Finance II , the Revolving Credit Facility will terminate on, andSBA Senior Finance II will repay all amounts outstanding on or before,July 7, 2026 . Furthermore, the Revolving Credit Facility provides mechanics relating to a transition away from LIBOR as a benchmark interest rate and the replacement of LIBOR by an alternative benchmark rate and incorporates sustainability-linked targets which will adjust the Facility's applicable interest and commitment fee rates upward or downward based on how the Company performs against those targets. Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility may be used for general corporate purposes.SBA Senior Finance II may, from time to time, borrow from and repay the Revolving Credit Facility. Consequently, the amount outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility at the end of the period may not be reflective of the total amounts outstanding during such period. Subsequent toMarch 31, 2022 , the Company received a 0.05% reduction in the applicable spread and a 0.01% reduction in the commitment fee as a result of meeting certain sustainability-linked targets as ofDecember 31, 2021 . During the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , we borrowed$330.0 million of the outstanding balance under the Revolving Credit Facility. As ofMarch 31, 2022 , there was$680.0 million outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility accruing interest at 1.619%. In addition,SBA Senior Finance II was required to pay a commitment fee of 0.15% per annum on the amount of the unused commitment. As ofMarch 31, 2022 ,SBA Senior Finance II was in compliance with the financial covenants contained in the Senior Credit Agreement. Subsequent toMarch 31, 2022 , we repaid an additional$110.0 million under the Revolving Credit Facility, and as of the date of this filing,$570.0 million was outstanding.
Term Loan under the Senior Credit Agreement
2018 Term Loan
OnApril 11, 2018 , we, through our wholly owned subsidiary,SBA Senior Finance II , obtained a term loan (the "2018 Term Loan") under the amended and restated Senior Credit Agreement. The 2018 Term Loan consists of a senior secured term loan with an initial aggregate principal amount of$2.4 billion that matures onApril 11, 2025 . The 2018 Term Loan accrues interest, atSBA Senior Finance II's election at either the Base Rate plus 75 basis points (with a zero Base Rate floor) or the Eurodollar Rate plus 175 basis points (with a zero Eurodollar Rate floor). The 2018 Term Loan was issued at 99.75% of par value. As ofMarch 31, 2022 , the 2018 Term Loan was accruing interest at 2.210% per annum. OnAugust 4, 2020 , we, through our wholly owned subsidiary,SBA Senior Finance II , entered into an interest rate swap for$1.95 billion of notional value accruing interest at one month LIBOR plus 175 basis points for a fixed rate of 1.874% per annum through the maturity date of the 2018 Term Loan. During the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , we repaid an aggregate of$6.0 million of principal on the 2018 Term Loan. As ofMarch 31, 2022 , the 2018 Term Loan had a principal balance of$2.3 billion . 28
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Tower Revenue Securities Terms
As ofMarch 31, 2022 , we, through the Trust, had issued and outstanding an aggregate of$6.7 billion ofSecured Tower Revenue Securities ("Tower Securities "). The sole asset of the Trust consists of a non-recourse mortgage loan made in favor of certain of our subsidiaries that are borrowers on the mortgage loan (the "Borrowers") under which there is a loan tranche for each Tower Security outstanding with the same interest rate and maturity date as the corresponding Tower Security. The mortgage loan will be paid from the operating cash flows from the aggregate 9,903 tower sites owned by the Borrowers as ofMarch 31, 2022 . The mortgage loan is secured by (1) mortgages, deeds of trust, and deeds to secure debt on a substantial portion of the tower sites, (2) a security interest in the tower sites and substantially all of the Borrowers' personal property and fixtures, (3) the Borrowers' rights under certain tenant leases, and (4) all of the proceeds of the foregoing. For each calendar month,SBA Network Management, Inc. , an indirect subsidiary ("Network Management"), is entitled to receive a management fee equal to 4.5% of the Borrowers' operating revenues for the immediately preceding calendar month.
The table below sets forth the material terms of our outstanding
Anticipated Final
Amount Repayment Maturity
Security Issue Date Outstanding Interest Rate Date Date
2014-2C Tower Securities Oct. 15, 2014 $620.0 3.869%
million 2024 2049
2018-1C Tower Securities Mar. 9, 2018 $640.0 3.448%
million 2023 2048
2019-1C Tower Securities Sep. 13, 2019 $1.165 2.836%
billion 2025 2050
2020-1C Tower Securities Jul. 14, 2020 $750.0 1.884%
million 2026 2050
2020-2C Tower Securities Jul. 14, 2020 $600.0 2.328%
million 2028 2052
2021-1C Tower Securities May 14, 2021 $1.165 1.631%
billion 2026 2051
2021-2C Tower Securities Oct. 27, 2021 $895.0 1.840%
million 2027 2051
2021-3C Tower Securities Oct. 27, 2021 $895.0 2.593% Oct. 9, Oct. 10,
million 2031 2056
In addition, to satisfy certain risk retention requirements of Regulation RR promulgated under the Exchange Act,SBA Guarantor, LLC , a wholly owned subsidiary, purchased (1)$33.7 million ofSecured Tower Revenue Securities Series 2018-1R (the "2018-1RTower Securities ") issued by the Trust with a fixed interest rate of 4.949% per annum, payable monthly, and with the same anticipated repayment date and final maturity date as the 2018-1CTower Securities , (2)$61.4 million of Secured Tower Revenue Securities Series 2019-1R (the "2019-1RTower Securities ") issued by the Trust with a fixed interest rate of 4.213% per annum, payable monthly, and with the same anticipated repayment date and final maturity date as the 2019-1CTower Securities , (3)$71.1 million of Secured Tower Revenue Securities Series 2020-2R (the "2020-2RTower Securities ") issued by the Trust with a fixed interest rate of 4.336% per annum, payable monthly, and with the same anticipated repayment date and final maturity date as the 2020-2CTower Securities , (4)$61.4 million of Secured Tower Revenue Securities Series 2021-1R (the "2021-1RTower Securities ") issued by the Trust with a fixed interest rate of 3.625% per annum, payable monthly, and with the same anticipated repayment date and final maturity date as the 2021-1CTower Securities , and (5)$94.3 million of Secured Tower Revenue Securities Series 2021-3R (the "2021-3RTower Securities ") issued by the Trust with a fixed interest rate of 4.090% per annum, payable monthly, and with the same anticipated repayment date and final maturity date as the 2021-3CTower Securities . Principal and interest payments made on the 2018-1RTower Securities , 2019-1RTower Securities , 2020-2RTower Securities , 2021-1RTower Securities , and 2021-3RTower Securities eliminate in consolidation. As ofMarch 31, 2022 , the Borrowers met the debt service coverage ratio required by the mortgage loan agreement and were in compliance with all other covenants as set forth in the agreement.
Senior Notes
The table below sets forth the material terms of our outstanding senior notes as ofMarch 31, 2022 : Interest Optional Amount Rate Interest Due Redemption Senior Notes Issue Date Outstanding Coupon Maturity Date Dates Date 2020 Senior Notes Feb. 4, 2020$1.5 3.875% Feb. 15, 2027
billion Aug. 15 2023
2021 Senior Notes Jan. 29, 2021 $1.5 3.125% Feb. 1, 2029 Feb. 1 & Feb. 1,
billion Aug. 1 2024
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Each of our senior notes is subject to redemption, at our option, in whole or in part on or after the date set forth above. We may redeem each of the senior notes during the time periods and at the redemption prices set forth in the indentures.
Debt Service
As ofMarch 31, 2022 , we believe that our cash on hand, capacity available under our Revolving Credit Facility, and cash flows from operations for the next twelve months will be sufficient to service our outstanding debt during the next twelve months. The following table illustrates our estimate of our debt service requirement over the next twelve months based on the amounts outstanding as ofMarch 31, 2022 and the interest rates accruing on those amounts on such date (in thousands): Revolving Credit Facility (1)$ 12,237 2018 Term Loan (2) 68,497 2014-2CTower Securities 24,185 2018-1CTower Securities 662,270 2019-1CTower Securities 33,409 2020-1CTower Securities 14,368 2020-2CTower Securities 14,159 2021-1CTower Securities 19,371 2021-2CTower Securities 16,752 2021-3CTower Securities 23,491 2020 Senior Notes 58,125 2021 Senior Notes 46,875
Total debt service for the next 12 months
(1)As ofMarch 31, 2022 ,$680.0 million was outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility. Subsequent toMarch 31, 2022 , we repaid an additional$110.0 million under the Revolving Credit Facility, and as of the date of this filing,$570.0 million was outstanding. (2)Total debt service on the 2018 Term Loan includes the impact of the interest rate swap entered into onAugust 4, 2020 , which swapped$1.95 billion of notional value accruing interest at one month LIBOR plus 175 basis points for a fixed rate of 1.874% per annum through the maturity date of the 2018 Term Loan.
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