Forward-Looking Statements

Statements contained in this Form 10-Q or statements incorporated by reference from documents we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission may contain forward-looking statements that are based on our management's expectations, estimates, projections, beliefs and assumptions in accordance with information currently available to our management. Forward-looking statements should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included in Part 1, Item 1 of this report. This discussion contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements include information concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations, business strategies, technology developments, new products and services, financing and investment plans, competitive position, industry and regulatory environment, effects of acquisitions, growth opportunities and the effects of competition. Forward-looking statements include statements that are not historical facts and can be identified by terms such as "anticipate," "believe," "could," "seek," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "may," "plan," "potential," "predict," "project," "should," "will," "would" or similar expressions and the negatives of those terms.

Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on forward looking statements. Also, forward-looking statements represent our management's beliefs and assumptions only as of the date of this filing. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations include:

the duration, scope and effects of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, government and other third party responses to it and the related macroeconomic effects, including to our business and the business of our suppliers and customers;

future demand for solar energy solutions;

changes to net metering policies or the reduction, elimination or expiration of government subsidies and economic incentives for on­grid solar energy applications;

changes in the U.S. trade environment, including the imposition of import tariffs;

federal, state and local regulations governing the electric utility industry with respect to solar energy;

the retail price of electricity derived from the utility grid or alternative energy sources;

interest rates and supply of capital in the global financial markets in general and in the solar market specifically;

competition, including introductions of power optimizer, inverter and solar photovoltaic ("PV") system monitoring products by our competitors;

developments in alternative technologies or improvements in distributed solar energy generation;

historic cyclicality of the solar industry and periodic downturns;

defects or performance problems in our products;

our ability to forecast demand for our products accurately and to match production with demand;



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our dependence on ocean transportation to deliver our products in a cost effective manner;

our dependence upon a small number of outside contract manufacturers and suppliers;

capacity constraints, delivery schedules, manufacturing yields and costs of our contract manufacturers and availability of components;

delays, disruptions and quality control problems in manufacturing;

shortages, delays, price changes or cessation of operations or production affecting our suppliers of key components;

business practices and regulatory compliance of our raw material suppliers;

performance of distributors and large installers in selling our products;

our customers' financial stability, creditworthiness and debt leverage ratio;

our ability to retain key personnel and attract additional qualified personnel;

our ability to effectively design, launch, market and sell new generations of our products and services;

our ability to maintain our brand and to protect and defend our intellectual property;

our ability to retain, and events affecting, our major customers;

our ability to manage effectively the growth of our organization and expansion into new markets;

our ability to integrate acquired businesses;

fluctuations in global currency exchange rates;

unrest, terrorism or armed conflict in Israel;

general economic conditions in our domestic and international markets;

our ability to service our debt; and

the other factors set forth under "Item 1A. Risk Factors" in "Part II-OTHER INFORMATION" section of this report.

Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update these forward looking statements, or to update the reasons actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward looking statements, even if new information becomes available in the future.

Overview

We are a leading provider of an optimized inverter solution that has changed the way power is harvested and managed in a solar photovoltaic system, known as PV system. Our direct current or DC optimized inverter system maximizes power generation at the individual PV module level while lowering the cost of energy produced by the solar PV system, for improved return on investment, or RoI. Additional benefits of the DC optimized inverter system include comprehensive and advanced safety features, improved design flexibility, and improved operating and maintenance, or O&M with module-level and remote monitoring. The typical SolarEdge optimized inverter system consists of power optimizers, inverters, a communication device which enables access to a cloud based monitoring platform and in many cases, additional smart energy management solutions. SolarEdge's solutions addresses a broad range of solar market segments, from residential solar installations to commercial and small utility-scale solar installations.



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Since introducing the optimized inverter solution in 2010, SolarEdge has expanded its activity to other areas of smart energy technology, both through organic growth and through acquisitions. SolarEdge now offers energy solutions which include not only residential, commercial and small utility scale PV systems but also product offerings in the areas of energy storage systems, or Energy Storage System or ESS and backup, electric vehicle, or EV components and charging capabilities, home energy management, grid services and virtual power plants, lithium-ion batteries and uninterrupted power supply, known as UPS solutions.

As part of our non-organic growth, we have completed three acquisitions during 2018 and 2019, each of which address our growth in the area of smart energy technology and power optimization.

During 2019, we completed the acquisition of approximately 99.9% of SolarEdge Automation Machines SPA ("Automation Machines Division") and SolarEdge eMobility SPA ("e-Mobility Division") (formerly S.M.R.E Spa and I.E.T Spa, respectively). Our Automation Machines Division manufactures automated machinery for industries and our e-Mobility Division develops end-to-end e-Mobility solutions for electric and hybrid vehicles used in motorcycles and light commercial vehicles. These solutions include integrated, high-performing powertrains with e-motor, motor drive, gearbox, battery, BMS, chargers, vehicle control units and software for electric vehicles.

In September 2020 we commenced the production ramp up of our manufacturing facility in the North of Israel, "Sella 1". We expect ramp up to continue until the second quarter of 2021 when we expect Sella 1 to reach full manufacturing capabilities.

We are a leader in the global module-level power electronics ("MLPE") market. As of September 30, 2020, we have shipped approximately 61.7 million power optimizers and 2.6 million inverters. Over 1.75 million installations, many of which may include multiple inverters, are currently connected to, and monitored through, our cloud­based monitoring platform. As of September 30, 2020, we have shipped approximately 21.0 GW of our DC optimized inverter systems.

Our revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 were $338.1 million and $410.6 million, respectively. Gross margin was 32.0% and 33.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Net income was $43.8 million and $41.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Our revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 were $1,101.2 million and $1,007.4 million, respectively. Gross margin was 31.9% and 33.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Net income was $122.7 million and $93.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

COVID-19 Impact

We are continuously and closely monitoring the evolving impact of COVID-19 on our operations and business. Our first priority continues to be to protect and support our employees through this period while maintaining company operations and support of our customers with as few disruptions as possible. Given that we have employees in many countries world-wide, we follow the guidance issued by applicable local authorities and health officials in each region in which we do business including in our headquarters located in Israel and have been able to continue our operations remotely or from our offices. Continued travel restrictions however have had an impact on our operations, including, by way of example delays in third party testing and certification of new products. Our manufacturing facilities in Korea and Italy and our contract manufacturers facilities in China, Vietnam and Hungary have remained operational and at almost full capacity, with brief interruptions on a case by case basis in compliance with local laws. Our customer support centers are working at full capacity, primarily from home. Our operations and operating expenses have not been significantly impacted by these adjustments.



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As disclosed last quarter, the actions taken around the world to slow the spread of COVID-19 have impacted the installation rate of PV systems which we are closely tracking through our monitoring portal globally and per country. While the COVID-19 pandemic did not have a material adverse impact on our financial results for the first quarter of fiscal 2020, we saw and reported on a decline in installations in certain regions such as the United States and Italy beginning with the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in March, 2020 and this had a negative impact on our revenues in the second and third quarters of 2020 when compared to the first quarter of 2020. In certain cases we accommodated customers in certain regions who requested to cancel or delay the supply of their orders.

As anticipated, our third quarter revenues of $338.1 million, a slight increase from reveues of $331.9 million in the second quarter of 2020, reflect strong installation rates in Europe and rest of world, and slower recovery in the United States. During the third quarter of 2020, many of our customers installed systems they had accumulated in inventory, resulting in lower quarterly revenues from our U.S.-based customers.

Our management and board are continuously examining our plans for 2020 and reacting to the current economic downturn, high unemployment rates in many countries and negative impact on businesses generally. As we reported in our Form 10Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020, we have taken actions in order to mitigate the negative impacts of COVID-19 on our business, operating results and financial condition. We have reviewed our business plan for 2020 and made certain adjustments in the second quarter of 2020 which remained in effect during the third quarter. These adjustments include substantial reduction of new hiring that were planned for the third quarter as well as elimination of redundant positions, which reductions were implemented in the past quarters. The impact of these reductions will be reflected in our 2020 year-end financial results. In addition, as we reported last quarter, we reviewed and cut back where possible on our spending and management of operations including a review of all of our variable, research and development projects and our executives and board members also voluntarily reduced their base salaries/compensation. These measures are reviewed by management on a quarterly basis and to date, remain in place.

Key Operating Metrics

In managing our business and assessing financial performance, we supplement the information provided by the financial statements with other operating metrics. These operating metrics are utilized by our management to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business and formulate projections. We use metrics relating to shipments (inverters shipped, power optimizers shipped and megawatts shipped) to evaluate our sales performance and to track market acceptance of our products. We use metrics relating to monitoring (systems monitored) to evaluate market acceptance of our products and usage of our solution.

We provide the "megawatts shipped" metric, which is calculated based on nameplate capacity shipped, to show adoption of our system on a nameplate capacity basis. Nameplate capacity shipped is the maximum rated power output capacity of an inverter and corresponds to our financial results in that higher total capacities shipped are generally associated with higher total revenues. However, revenues increase with each additional unit, not necessarily each additional MW of capacity, sold. Accordingly, we also provide the "inverters shipped" and "power optimizers shipped" operating metrics.



                           Three Months Ended         Nine Months Ended
                              September 30,             September 30,
                            2020         2019        2020          2019
Inverters shipped           152,531      187,887      496,229       478,676
Power optimizers shipped  3,271,787    4,587,380   11,848,084    11,347,001
Megawatts shipped (1)         1,451        1,498        4,743         3,977


(1) Calculated based on the aggregate nameplate capacity of inverters shipped


    during the applicable period. Nameplate capacity is the maximum rated power
    output capacity of an inverter as specified by the manufacturer.


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Results of Operations

The results of operations presented below should be reviewed in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this report.

The following table sets forth selected consolidated statements of income data for each of the periods indicated.



                         Three Months Ended             Nine Months Ended
                           September 30,                  September 30,
                         2020          2019           2020            2019
                           (in thousands)                (in thousands)
Revenues              $  338,095     $ 410,556     $ 1,101,164     $ 1,007,437
Cost of revenues         230,032       271,247         750,130         671,348
Gross profit             108,063       139,309         351,034         336,089
Operating expenses:
Research and
development               40,817        30,747         115,610          86,451
Sales and marketing       21,924        22,026          67,113          64,325
General and
administrative            14,928        12,214          45,077          37,590
Other operating
expenses (income)              -         8,305          (4,900 )         8,305
Total operating
expenses                  77,669        73,292         222,900         196,671
Operating income          30,394        66,017         128,134         139,418
Financial expenses
(income), net            (15,765 )      17,023         (10,725 )        22,401
Income before taxes
on income                 46,159        48,994         138,859         117,017
Taxes on income            2,408         7,270          16,192          24,405
Net income            $   43,751     $  41,724     $   122,667     $    92,612
Net loss (gain)
attributable to
non-controlling
interests                      -           (97 )             -           1,159
Net income
attributable to
SolarEdge
Technologies, Inc.    $   43,751     $  41,627     $   122,667     $    93,771


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Comparison of the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019

Revenues



                                      Three Months Ended
            Three Months Ended           September 30,
               September 30,             2019 to 2020
             2020         2019              Change
                           (in thousands)
Revenues  $   338,095   $ 410,556   $    (72,461 )    (17.6 )%


Revenues decreased by $72.5 million, or 17.6%, for the three months ended September 30, 2020 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to decreased sales in the U.S. which we attribute principally to the adverse effect of the COVID 19 pandemic on the economy in the United States. This decrease was partially offset by $18.5 million of increased sales in Europe and the rest of world. Revenues from outside of the U.S. comprised 68.4% of our revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to 51.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2019.

In our solar business, we expect that in the fourth quarter of 2020, revenues from Europe will decrease due to seasonality which is typically experienced in Europe during the colder months. This reduction is expected to be offset by higher anticipated revenues in the United States which we expect will result in a slight increase in the overall revenues in the fourth quarter of 2020 as compared to the third quarter of 2020. It is also expected that the fourth quarter results will include revenues from the sale of full powertrain kits to an automative OEM by our eMobility business which is part of our non-solar business.

The number of power optimizers recognized as revenues decreased by approximately 1.3 million units, or 28.3%, from approximately 4.6 million units in the three months ended September 30, 2019 to approximately 3.3 million units in the three months ended September 30, 2020. The number of inverters recognized as revenues decreased by approximately 30,800 units, or 16.5%, from approximately 187,000 units in the three months ended September 30, 2019 to approximately 156,200 units in the three months ended September 30, 2020. Our blended ASP per watt for solar products shipped decreased by $0.049, or 18.5%, in the three months ended September 30, 2020 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019. This reduction is primarily attributed to an increased rate of revenues driven from the sale of commercial products mainly in the U.S that are characterized with lower ASP per watt as well as a change in our customer mix in the United States towards larger customers that enjoy preferable pricing. This ASP erosion was partially offset by the strengthening of the Euro against the U.S. dollar.

Cost of Revenues and Gross Profit



                                              Three Months Ended
                    Three Months Ended           September 30,
                       September 30,             2019 to 2020
                     2020         2019              Change
                                   (in thousands)

Cost of revenues $ 230,032 $ 271,247 $ (41,215 ) (15.2 )% Gross profit $ 108,063 $ 139,309 $ (31,246 ) (22.4 )%

Cost of revenues decreased by $41.2 million, or 15.2%, in the three months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to:

a decrease in the volume of products sold;

decreased shipment and logistics costs of $16.0 million mainly attributed to lower custom tariff charges on Chinese made products imported into the U.S resulting from a decrease in sales in the U.S and a higher portion of our products manufactured outside of China that were imported into the U.S. In addition, a decrease in air shipment costs resulted from higher inventory levels.

a decrease in warranty expenses and warranty accruals of $6.6 million associated with various cost reductions on the different elements of our warranty expenses which include the cost of the products, shipment and other related expenses;



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These decreases were partially offset by an increase of $8.1 million in other production costs, which were mainly attributed to:

$1.3 million related to ramp up costs associated with the commencement of production in the Sella 1 manufacturing facility; and

$2.9 million related to ramp up manufacturing expenses in the SolarEdge e-Mobility division.

In our solar business we anticipate that our cost of revenues per unit will decrease in the last quarter of 2020 due to realization of cost reduction activities conducted in the previous quarters.

Gross profit as a percentage of revenue decreased from 33.9% in the three months ended September 30, 2019 to 32.0% in the three months ended September 30, 2020, primarily due to:

a decrease in the volume of products sold;

increased rate of actual support costs related to our warranty obligations due to an increase in our install base from past sales which effects the calculation of such costs as a percentage of our revenues since our install base grew in 2020 while revenues decreased compared to the same quarter of 2019, resulting in a higher rate of warranty expenses to revenues.

an increase in other production costs and inventory valuation accruals as well as other expenses related to reduced manufacturing volumes due to COVID-19; and

lower gross profit from our e-Mobility and Automation Machines divisions, coupled with ramp up manufacturing expenses in our e-Mobility division.

These factors were partially offset by:

decreased shipment and logistics costs mainly attributed to lower custom tariff charges on Chinese made products imported into the U.S resulting from a decrease in sales in the U.S and a higher portion of our products manufactured outside of China that were imported into the U.S.

In addition, a decrease in air shipments costs resulted from higher inventory levels; and

decreased warranty accruals due to various cost reductions on the different elements of our warranty expenses which include the cost of the products, shipment and other related expenses and a change in the product mix sold in the third quarter of 2020 compared to the same period in the previous year.

We expect that gross margin as a percent of revenues will remain similar in the fourth quarter of 2020 to that of the third quarter of 2020.

In light of the uncertain impact of COVID-19 on the rate of growth of our acquired businesses, accounting estimates and assumptions related to goodwill, intangible and other assets may change over time in response to uncertain circumstances related to this evolving situation. Such changes could result in future impairments of goodwill, intangible and other assets.



Research and Development

                                                            Three Months Ended
                              Three Months Ended              September 30,
                                September 30,                  2019 to 2020
                             2020             2019                Change
                                               (in thousands)
Research and development  $    40,817       $ 30,747   $      10,070           32.8 %


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Research and development costs increased by $10.1 million, or 32.8%, in the three months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to:

an increase in personnel-related costs of $7.7 million resulting from an increase in our research and development headcount as well as salary expenses associated with employee equity-based compensation. The increase in headcount reflects our continuing investment in enhancements of existing products as well as research and development expenses associated with bringing new products to the market;

increased expenses related to consultants and sub­contractors in an amount of $1.1 million;

We expect that our research and development expenses in the fourth quarter will remain relatively stable compared to the third quarter primarily due to cost reduction activities initiated in response to COVID-19 and the continued halt in travel and travel related expenses.



Sales and Marketing

                                                       Three Months Ended
                         Three Months Ended               September 30,
                           September 30,                  2019 to 2020
                        2020             2019                Change
                                           (in thousands)
Sales and marketing  $    21,924       $ 22,026   $      (102 )            (0.5 )%

Sales and marketing expenses decreased by $0.1 million, or 0.5%, in the three months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019.

We expect sales and marketing expenses to slightly increase in the fourth quarter of 2020 primarily due to an increase in our sales and marketing headcount. This increase is expected to be partially offset by our cost reduction activities initiated in response to COVID-19 and the reduction of expenses related to the continued halt in travel and travel related expenses.



General and Administrative

                                                              Three Months Ended
                                Three Months Ended              September 30,
                                  September 30,                  2019 to 2020
                               2020             2019                Change
                                                 (in thousands)
General and administrative  $    14,928       $ 12,214   $      2,714            22.2 %

General and administrative expenses increased by $2.7 million, or 22.2%, in the three months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to:

increased expenses related to consultants and sub­contractors in an amount of $2.0 million, which includes a $1.5 million provision resulting from a litigation judgement in China that is under appeal; and

increased personnel-related costs of $1.3 million resulting from an increase in headcount supporting our growth in Europe and Asia, as well as salary expenses associated with employee equity-based compensation.

While we did provide payment extensions to certain customers, substantially all of these payments have now been made and we did not experience significant customer defaults on payments or incur substantial losses related to customer bankruptcies. We continue to be cautious in providing credit to our customers. In the fourth quarter of 2020, we may still incur customer defaults on payments and other bad debts as a result of the impact of the economic downturn caused by COVID-19 on our customers. If this occurs, these write-offs would be reflected in our general and administrative expenses in future fiscal quarters.



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Other operating expenses

                                                             Three Months Ended
                              Three Months Ended                September 30,
                                 September 30,                  2019 to 2020
                           2020                2019                Change
                                                (In thousands)
Other operating expenses  $     -             $ 8,305   $      (8,305 )           N/A


Other operating expenses decreased by $8.3 million, in the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019, due to expenses in the amount of $8.3 million related to payroll, bonus and employees' equity-based compensation acceleration related to the untimely death of Mr. Guy Sella, our Founder, who had served as CEO and Chairman of the Board of Directors until shortly before his passing.

Financial expenses (income), net



                                                              Three Months Ended
                                    Three Months Ended           September 30,
                                       September 30,             2019 to 2020
                                     2020          2019             Change
                                                   (in thousands)

Financial expenses (income), net $ (15,765 ) $ 17,023 $ (32,788 ) (192.6 )%

Financial income was $15.8 million in the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to financial expenses of $17.0 million in the three months ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to an increase of $18.9 million in financial income resulted from foreign exchange fluctuations, mainly between each of the Euro, the New Israeli Shekel, the Australian Dollar and the South Korean Won against the U.S. Dollar, compared to financial expenses of $15.8 million in the three months ended September 30, 2019.

Taxes on Income



                                                 Three Months Ended
                     Three Months Ended             September 30,
                        September 30,               2019 to 2020
                    2020              2019             Change
                                    (in thousands)
Taxes on income  $     2,408         $ 7,270   $     (4,862 )    (66.9 )%


Taxes on income decreased by $4.9 million, or 66.9%, in the three months ended September 30, 2020 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to:

a decrease of $7.3 million of current tax expenses mainly attributed to a decrease in taxable income and GILTI taxes, both due to higher deductible expenses in the three months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019; and

a decrease in previous years taxes of $1.3 million.

This decrease was partially offset by a decrease of $3.7 million in deferred tax assets, net.

Given the ongoing impact of the economic downturn caused by COVID-19, we expect our tax expenses related to taxes on income to remain stable.



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Net Income



                                              Three Months Ended
                Three Months Ended               September 30,
                  September 30,                  2019 to 2020
               2020             2019                Change
                                  (in thousands)
Net income  $    43,751       $ 41,724   $       2,027             4.9 %


As a result of the factors discussed above, net income increased by $2.0 million, or 4.9%, in the three months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019.

Comparison of the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019

Revenues



                                           Nine Months Ended
              Nine Months Ended              September 30,
                September 30,                 2019 to 2020
             2020          2019                  Change
                               (in thousands)
Revenues  $ 1,101,164   $ 1,007,437   $       93,727           9.3 %


Revenues increased by $93.7 million, or 9.3%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to (i) an increase in the number of inverters and power optimizers sold, with growth in revenues coming from Europe and from the U.S., mainly during the first quarter of 2020; and (ii) price increases on products sold in the U.S. intended to offset the increase in imposed tariffs on China made products in June 2019. Revenues from outside of the U.S. comprised 56.4% of our revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to 56.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The number of power optimizers recognized as revenues increased by approximately 0.6 million units, or 5.2%, from approximately 11.2 million units in the nine months ended September 30, 2019 to approximately 11.8 million units in the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The number of inverters recognized as revenues increased by approximately 16,600 units, or 3.5%, from approximately 478,400 units in the nine months ended September 30, 2019 to approximately 495,000 units in the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Revenues from sale of commercial products that are characterized with lower ASP per watt increased during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Overall, and primarily due to the factors detailed above, our ASP per watt for solar products shipped decreased by $0.024, or 9.7%, in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

Cost of Revenues and Gross Profit



                                                Nine Months Ended
                    Nine Months Ended             September 30,
                      September 30,               2019 to 2020
                     2020        2019                Change
                                     (in thousands)
Cost of revenues  $  750,130   $ 671,348   $      78,782          11.7 %
Gross profit      $  351,034   $ 336,089   $      14,945           4.4 %


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Cost of revenues increased by $78.8 million, or 11.7%, in the nine months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to:

an increase in the volume of products sold;

increased customs tariffs, shipment and logistics costs of $16.9 million attributed to the change in tariff rates on Chinese made products imported into the U.S. from 10% to 25% in June 2019 as well as an increase in shipment costs due to increased product demand mainly in the first quarter of 2020;

an increase in other production costs of $26.4 million, which is mainly attributed to: an accrual for possible raw material write offs resulting from our reduced manufacturing forecast (triggered by lower demand) which may result in rendering these raw materials obsolete as well as other expenses related to reduced manufacturing volumes due to COVID-19. In addition this amount includes $1.3 million related to ramp up costs associated with the commencement of production in the Sella 1 manufacturing facility and $2.9 million related to ramp up manufacturing expenses in our e-Mobility division; and

an increase in personnel-related costs of $7.5 million related to the expansion of our operations and support headcount which grew in parallel to our growing install base worldwide and in connection with entering into the machinery and integrated powertrain markets.

This increase was partially offset by a decrease in warranty expenses and warranty accruals of $5.4 million associated with various cost reductions on the different elements of our warranty expenses which include the cost of the products, shipment and other related expenses;

Gross profit as a percentage of revenue decreased from 33.4% in the nine months ended September 30, 2019 to 31.9% in the nine months ended September 30, 2020, primarily due to:

an increase in other production costs;

increased shipment and logistics costs resulted from our growth and new customs tariff rules in the U.S.;

the arithmetic effect from the increase in selling prices in the U.S. intended to offset the increase in tariffs on Chinese made products imported into the U.S. from 10% to 25% in June 2019;

increased actual support costs related to our warranty obligations; and

lower gross profit from our e-Mobility and Automation Machines Divisions, coupled with ramp up manufacturing expenses in our e-Mobility division.

These were partially offset by:

increased profit on units sold due to cost reductions in the manufacturing process of these products; and

decreased warranty accruals due to various cost reductions on the different elements of our warranty expenses which include the cost of the products, shipment and other related expenses.



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Research and Development



                                                        Nine Months Ended
                            Nine Months Ended             September 30,
                              September 30,               2019 to 2020
                             2020         2019               Change
                                             (in thousands)

Research and development $ 115,610 $ 86,451 $ 29,159 33.7 %

Research and development increased by $29.2 million, or 33.7%, in the nine months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to:

an increase in personnel-related costs of $21.5 million resulting from an increase in our research and development headcount as well as salary expenses associated with employee equity-based compensation. The increase in headcount reflects our continued investment in enhancements of existing products and research and development expenses associated with bringing new products to the market;

increased expenses related to consultants and sub-contractors in an amount of $3.4 million; and

increased expenses related to other overhead costs in an amount of $2.9 million.

Sales and Marketing



                                                   Nine Months Ended
                       Nine Months Ended             September 30,
                         September 30,                2019 to 2020
                        2020         2019                Change
                                        (in thousands)
Sales and marketing  $    67,113   $ 64,325   $       2,788            4.3 %


Sales and marketing expenses increased by $2.8 million, or 4.3%, in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to:

increased personnel-related costs of $5.8 million as a result of an increase in headcount supporting our growth, as well as salary expenses associated with employee equity-based compensation; and

increased expenses related to other overhead costs and other expenses in an amount of $1.2 million.

These factors were partially offset by:

decreased expenses related to marketing activities in an amount of $2.1 million; and

decreased expenses related to travel in an amount of $2.1 million.

General and Administrative



                                                          Nine Months Ended
                              Nine Months Ended             September 30,
                                September 30,               2019 to 2020
                               2020         2019               Change
                                               (in thousands)
General and administrative  $    45,077   $ 37,590   $      7,487           19.9 %


General and administrative expenses increased by $7.5 million, or 19.9%, in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to:

increased expenses related to an accrual for doubtful debts in an amount of $3.9 million; and

increased personnel-related costs of $2.6 million.



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Other operating (income) expenses



                                                              Nine Months Ended
                                     Nine Months Ended          September 30,
                                       September 30,             2019 to 2020
                                      2020         2019             Change
                                                   (In thousands)

Other operating (income) expenses $ (4,900 ) $ 8,305 $ (13,205 ) (159.0 )%

Other operating income was $4.9 million, in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to other operating expenses of $8.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2019, due to:

a payment of $5 million received by us in connection to a matter settled in arbitration for Kokam Co., Ltd. ("Kokam") in the fourth quarter of 2019, for which we had indemnification; and

a decrease in expenses in the amount of $8.3 million related to payroll, bonus and employees' equity-based compensation acceleration related to the untimely death of Mr. Guy Sella, our Founder, who had served as CEO and Chairman of the Board of Directors until shortly before his passing.

Financial Expenses (Income), net



                                                             Nine Months Ended
                                    Nine Months Ended          September 30,
                                      September 30,             2019 to 2020
                                     2020         2019             Change
                                                  (In thousands)

Financial expenses (income), net $ (10,725 ) $ 22,401 $ (33,126 ) (147.9 )%

Financial income was $10.7 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to financial expenses of $22.4 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to an increase of $34.7 million in foreign exchange fluctuations, mainly between each of the Euro, the New Israeli Shekel, the Australian Dollar and the South Korean Won against the U.S. Dollar.

Taxes on Income



                                          Nine Months Ended
                 Nine Months Ended          September 30,
                   September 30,             2019 to 2020
                  2020         2019             Change
                               (In thousands)
Tax on Income  $    16,192   $ 24,405   $    (8,213 )    (33.7 )%


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Taxes on income decreased by $8.2 million, or 33.7% in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to:

a decrease of $5.5 million of current tax expenses mainly attributed to a decrease of taxable income and GILTI taxes, both due to higher deductible expenses in the nine months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

a decrease in previous years taxes of $1.7 million.

an increase of $1.0 million in deferred tax assets, net.

Net Income



                                          Nine Months Ended
              Nine Months Ended             September 30,
                September 30,               2019 to 2020
               2020         2019               Change
                               (In thousands)
Net income  $   122,667   $ 92,612   $      30,055          32.5 %


As a result of the factors discussed above, net income increased by $30.1 million, or 32.5% in the nine months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2019.



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Liquidity and Capital Resources

The following table shows our cash flow from operating activities, investing activities and financing activities for the stated periods:



                         Three Months Ended           Nine Months Ended
                           September 30,                September 30,
                         2020           2019          2020          2019
                                         (In thousands)
Net cash provided
by operating
activities            $   28,374      $ 68,700     $  195,429     $ 175,934
Net cash provided
by (used in)
investing
activities            $  (26,177 )    $ (6,176 )   $      699     $ (58,397 )
Net cash provided
by (used in)
financing
activities            $  628,317      $   (922 )   $  637.313     $ (68,307 )
Increase in cash
and cash
equivalents           $  630,514      $ 61,602     $  833,441     $  49,230

As of September 30, 2020, our cash and cash equivalents were $1,048.1 million. This amount does not include $131.6 million invested in available for sale marketable securities, $2.2 million invested in restricted bank deposits and $20.0 million invested in short-term bank deposits. Our principal uses of cash are funding our operations and other working capital requirements. As of September 30, 2020, we have open commitments for capital expenditures in an amount of approximately $114.5 million. These commitments reflect purchases of automated assembly lines and other machinery related to our manufacturing operations. We also have purchase obligations in the amount of $326.7 million related to raw materials and commitments for the future manufacturing of our products. We believe that cash provided by operating activities as well as our cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for at least the next 12 months including the self-funding of our capital expenditure commitments.

To the extent that revenues decrease over the coming quarters due to the economic downturn caused by COVID-19, we expect that our cash balances would also decrease. This will be compounded by our continued investment in research and development activities including the establishment of a lithium-ion factory in Korea which is continuing as planned and the support of our other non-solar businesses as they grow. We carefully oversee our cash resources and believe that our strong balance sheet positions us well to manage the coming quarters despite any temporary decline in revenues.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security ("CARES") Act was enacted and signed into law. Section 2302 of the CARES Act provides that employers may defer the deposit and payment of the employer's portion of Social Security taxes imposed under section 3111(a) of the Internal Revenue Code. As permitted under the CARES Act, we deferred payment of social security taxes through the end of 2020 (with 50% of the deferred amount due December 31, 2021 and the remaining of 50% amount due December 31, 2022). This deferral is expected to provide approximately $1.2 million in additional liquidity during 2020.

Operating Activities

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, cash provided by operating activities was $195.4 million, derived mainly from net income of $122.7 million that included $62.2 million of non-cash expenses, a decrease of $118.0 million in trade receivables and $37.9 million in prepaid expenses and other accounts receivable, an increase of $10.6 million in accrued expenses and other accounts payable, $23.2 million in warranty obligations, and $3.1 million accruals for employees. This was offset by a decrease of $24.3 million in deferred revenues, $35.5 million in trade payables, an increase of $122.0 million in inventories, and $0.5 million in operating lease liabilities.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, cash provided by operating activities was $175.9 million, derived mainly from a net income of $92.6 million that included $54.5 million of non-cash expenses, an increase of $49.6 million in warranty obligations, $39.6 million in accrued expenses and other accounts payable, $21.3 million in trade payables, $19.5 million of deferred revenues, $15.3 million in accruals for employees, $2.1 in operating lease liabilities and $15.8 million decrease in inventories, which were offset by an increase of $114.6 million in trade receivables, net, and $19.8 million in prepaid expenses and other receivables.



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As a result of the disruption caused by COVID-19, we continue to anticipate a lower volume of orders in the next quarters relative to pre-COVID-19 orders, and in light of purchase obligations and manufacturing commitments incurred by us prior to the outbreak of COVID-19, our inventory levels may further increase in the next quarters resulting in consumption of cash for operating activities.

Investing Activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020 net cash provided by investing activities was $0.7 million, of which $116.4 million from maturities of available-for-sale marketable securities which were not re-invested in order to maintain high cash balances to mitigate risks associated with COVID-19 and $25.5 million from the withdrawal from restricted bank deposits. This was offset by $36.8 million which was invested in available-for-sale marketable securities, $14.6 million was invested in short term bank deposits, and $89.8 million was related to capital investments in laboratory equipment, end of line testing equipment, automated assembly lines, manufacturing tools and leasehold improvements.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, net cash used in investing activities was $58.4 million, of which $103.7 million was invested in available-for-sale marketable securities, $39.7 million related to capital investments in laboratory equipment, end of line testing equipment, automated assembly lines, manufacturing tools and leasehold improvements, net, $38.4 million was utilized for the acquisition of SolarEdge Automation Machines SPA and SolarEdge eMobility SPA (formerly S.M.R.E Spa and I.E.T Spa, respectively), This was offset by $119.6 million from proceeds from sales and the maturities of available-for-sale marketable securities and a decrease of $3.8 million in bank deposits.

Financing Activities

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, net cash provided by financing activities was $637.3 million, of which, $618.3 million were proceeds from the issuance of the Notes, net of $14.2 million of issuance costs , $15.2 million related to proceeds from new bank loans of Kokam and $19.2 million attributed to cash received from the exercise of employee and non-employee stock-based awards. This was offset by $15.4 million used for repayment of loans we acquired as part of the Kokam acquisition.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, net cash used in financing activities was $68.3 million, of which $67.1 million related to the purchase of non-controlling interests in Kokam and SolarEdge Automation Machines, $4.9 million was used for repayment of loan obligations we acquired as part of the acquisitions of Kokam, SolarEdge Automation Machines SPA and SolarEdge eMobility SPA and $1.2 million was related to the purchase of land and building formerly leased under a financial lease. This was offset by $4.9 million attributed to cash received from the exercise of employee and non-employee stock options.

Convertible Senior Note

On September 25, 2020, we issued $632.5 million aggregate principal amount of our Notes in a transaction exempt from registration pursuant to Rule 144A and Regulation S under the Securities Act. Net proceeds from the offering, after underwriters' discount and commissions and offering expenses, was $617.9 million. We intend to use the proceeds of the Notes for general corporate purposes. See Note 8 to our interim financial statements for more information.

Debt Obligations

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, Kokam redeemed all outstanding loans and entered into new bank loans in an aggregate amount of $15.2 million. The new bank loans mature in two installments through December 31, 2020, with annual interest rate of 1.64%. As of September 30, 2020, the aggregate outstanding amount of the new bank loans was $15.6 million.



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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

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