This financial review discusses the Company's financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and capital resources and other matters. Dollars are presented in thousands, except per share amounts. This review should be read in conjunction with the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes included in this Form 10-Q and with the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes and Management's


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Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 (the "2020 Form 10-K").

Net product sales were $183,090 in third quarter 2021 compared to $156,962 in third quarter 2020, an increase of $26,128 or 16.6%. Nine months 2021 net product sales were $399,445 compared to $339,561 in nine months 2020, an increase of $59,884 or 17.6%. Domestic (U.S.) net product sales in third quarter and nine months 2021 increased 13.7% and 14.6%, respectively, compared to the corresponding period in the prior year, and, foreign net product sales, including exports to foreign markets, increased 64.8% and 61.8%, respectively, compared to the corresponding periods in the prior year. For the third quarter and nine months 2021, domestic sales represented 91.8% and 91.3%, respectively, of total consolidated net product sales.

Third quarter sales reflect effective sales and marketing programs as the economy continues to recover and "re-open" from the adverse effects of the Covid-19 pandemic. The Covid-19 pandemic curtailed and limited access to certain channels of trade where the Company has historically sold its products. Response to this pandemic resulted in the disruption and changes in lifestyles and shopping habits which has adversely affected planned consumer purchases of the Company's products for "sharing" and "give away" occasions. As the effects of the pandemic subsided throughout nine months 2021, the Company had continuing improvement in customer orders and sales. Third quarter 2021 sales also exceeded third quarter 2019 sales by 0.6% which provides a quarterly sales comparison prior to the pandemic, and nine months 2021 sales were 2.7% ahead of nine months 2019 sales.

Product cost of goods sold were $118,446 in third quarter 2021 compared to $99,187 in third quarter 2020, and nine months 2021 product cost of goods sold were $259,959 compared to $216,009 in nine months 2020. Product cost of goods sold includes $(5) and $225 of certain deferred compensation expenses (credits) in third quarter 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $411 and $245 of certain deferred compensation expenses in nine months 2021 and 2020, respectively. These deferred compensation expenses (credits) principally result from the changes in the market value of investments and investment income from trading securities relating to compensation deferred in previous years and are not reflective of current operating results. Adjusting for the aforementioned, product cost of goods sold increased from $98,962 in third quarter 2020 to $118,451 in third quarter 2021, an increase of $19,489 or 19.7%; and increased from $215,764 in nine months 2020 to $259,548 in nine months 2021, an increase of $43,784 or 20.3%. As a percentage of net product sales, adjusted product cost of goods sold was 64.7% and 63.0% in third quarter 2021 and 2020, respectively, an unfavorable increase of 1.7 percentage points; and adjusted product cost of goods sold was 65.0% and 63.5% in nine months 2021 and 2020, respectively, an unfavorable increase of 1.5 percentage points. Third quarter and nine months 2021 adjusted product cost of goods sold as a percentage of sales were adversely affected by increasing costs for ingredients, packaging materials, and certain manufacturing supplies. These increased costs and expenses were more pronounced in third quarter 2021, and we expect these costs to remain at elevated levels for the balance of the year and into 2022. Third quarter product costs of goods sold were also adversely affected by higher than expected sales demand coupled with supply chain challenges, including longer lead times and delays in supplier deliveries, which resulted in additional costs related to our efforts to meet this higher demand. Such higher costs include additional overtime and the scheduling of additional production days and shifts at our manufacturing plants to meet this higher demand.

Certain cost and expense reductions, which include Company initiatives to reduce costs, mitigated some of the cost increase in adjusted product cost of goods sold in third quarter and nine months 2021 compared to the corresponding periods in the prior year. The Company is focused on the longer term and therefore is continuing to make investments in plant manufacturing operations to meet new consumer and customer demands, achieve product quality improvements, increase operational efficiencies and provide value to consumers.

Selling, marketing and administrative expenses were $35,743 in third quarter 2021 compared to $32,868 in third quarter 2020, and nine months 2021 selling, marketing and administrative expenses were $94,930 compared to $78,699 in nine months 2020. Selling, marketing and administrative expenses include $(103) and $4,622 of certain deferred compensation expenses (credits) in third quarter 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $8,141 and $4,645 of certain deferred compensation expenses in nine months 2021 and 2020, respectively. As discussed above, these expenses (credits) principally result from changes in the market value of investments and investment income from trading securities relating to compensation deferred in previous years, and are not reflective of current operating results. Adjusting for the aforementioned deferred compensation expenses (credits), selling, marketing and administrative expenses increased from $28,246 in third quarter 2020 to $35,846 in third quarter 2021, an increase of



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$7,600 or 26.9%; and selling, marketing and administrative expenses increased from $74,054 in nine months 2020 to $86,789 in nine months 2021 an increase of $12,735 or 17.2%. As a percentage of net product sales, adjusted selling, marketing and administrative expenses increased from 18.0% in third quarter 2020 to 19.6% in third quarter 2021, an unfavorable increase of 1.6 percentage points as a percent of net product sales, and adjusted selling, marketing and administrative expenses decreased from 21.8% in nine months 2020 to 21.7% in nine months 2021, a favorable decrease of 0.1 percentage points as a percent of net sales. The decrease in adjusted selling, marketing and administrative expenses as a percentage of net product sales in nine months 2021 reflects the benefits of certain operational changes and expense reduction initiatives.

Selling, marketing and administrative expenses include $17,743 and $12,356 for customer freight, delivery and warehousing expenses in third quarter 2021 and 2020, respectively, an increase of $5,387 or 43.6%, and $40,319 and $31,425 in nine months 2021 and 2020, respectively, an increase of $8,894 or 28.3%. These expenses were 9.7% and 7.9% of net product sales in third quarter 2021 and 2020, respectively, and were 10.1% and 9.3% of net product sales in nine months 2021 and 2020, respectively. The aforementioned increase in third quarter and nine months 2021 reflects increasing costs for over-the-road carriers relating to customer freight and delivery, including higher diesel fuel prices which are passed on to us in higher fuel surcharges. We expect these higher freight and delivery costs to continue through the balance of 2021 and may increase further in 2022.

Earnings from operations were $29,644 in third quarter 2021 compared to $25,529 in third quarter 2020, and were $46,958 in nine months 2021 compared to $46,766 in nine months 2020. Earnings from operations include $(108) and $4,847 of certain deferred compensation expenses (credits) in third quarter 2021 and 2020, respectively, and include $8,552 and $4,890 of certain deferred compensation expenses in nine months 2021 and 2020, respectively, which are discussed above. Adjusting for these deferred compensation costs and expenses (credits), adjusted earnings from operations were $29,536 and $30,376 in third quarter 2021 and 2020, respectively, a decrease of $840 or 2.8%; and adjusted operating earnings were $55,510 and $51,656 in nine months 2021 and 2020, respectively, an increase of $3,854 or 7.5%. The Company uses the Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) method of accounting for inventory and costs of goods sold which results in lower current income taxes during such periods of increasing costs, but this method does charge the most current costs to cost of goods sold and thereby accelerates the realization of these higher costs. Although the LIFO method generally provides higher current income tax benefits, this acceleration of increasing costs does adversely impact reported results until such time as costs stabilize or decrease.

The Company's input costs continued to escalate in third quarter 2021 and we expect even higher costs in 2022 as our 2021 supply contracts and hedging programs come to closure and new contracts and hedging at higher 2022 costs begin to take effect. Higher commodity markets are driving up our key ingredients, packaging materials and energy costs, including the adverse effects of higher energy costs on freight and delivery fuel surcharges and plant manufacturing utilities. We expect these higher costs and resulting overall increases in inflation, some of which is driven by supply chain challenges, to continue through 2022. In response to these higher input costs, the confectionary industry, as well as many companies in the broader consumer products industry, has announced increases in selling prices with the objective of restoring some of the resulting margin declines, and we have followed with price increases as well. These price increases will be phased in primarily during fourth quarter 2021 and the beginning of 2022. Although the Company continues to monitor these higher costs and price increases in the industry, we are mindful of the effects and limits of passing on all of the above discussed higher input costs to consumers of our products.

As a percentage of net product sales, these adjusted operating earnings were 16.1% and 19.4% in third quarter 2021 and 2020, respectively, an unfavorable decrease of 3.3 percentage points; and as a percentage of net product sales, these adjusted operating earnings were 13.9% and 15.2% in nine months 2021 and 2020, respectively, an unfavorable decrease of 1.3 percentage points as a percentage of net product sales. Although higher third quarter and nine months 2021 sales contributed to improved operating earnings compared to the corresponding prior year periods, higher input costs mitigated much of the benefits of increased sales. The Company's increasing input costs, supply chain challenges and disruptions, and increased costs to meet higher than expected demand as discussed above, were the principal drivers of lower adjusted operating earnings in third quarter 2021.

Management believes the comparisons presented in the preceding paragraphs, after adjusting for changes in deferred compensation, are more reflective of the underlying operations of the Company.





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Other income, net was $1,750 in third quarter 2021 compared to $5,863 in third quarter 2020, and $11,810 in nine months 2021 compared to $10,096 in nine months 2020. Other income, net for third quarter 2021 and 2020 includes net gains (losses) and investment income of $(108) and $4,847, respectively, on trading securities which provide an economic hedge of the Company's deferred compensation liabilities; and other income, net for nine months 2021 and 2020 includes net gains and investment income of $8,552 and $4,890, respectively, on trading securities which provide an economic hedge of the Company's deferred compensation liabilities. These changes in market values were substantially offset by a like amount of deferred compensation expense included in product cost of goods sold and selling, marketing, and administrative expenses in the respective periods as discussed above. Other income, net for third quarter 2021 and 2020 includes investment income on available for sale securities of $714 and $950 in 2021 and 2020, respectively; and other income, net for nine months 2021 and 2020 includes investment income on available for sale securities of $2,100 and $3,051 in 2021 and 2020, respectively. Other income, net also includes pre-tax gain (loss) on foreign exchange of $742 and $(222) in third quarter 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $507 and $1,440 in nine months 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The consolidated effective tax rates were 21.3% and 21.4% in third quarter 2021 and 2020, respectively, and 23.0% and 22.6% in nine months 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Company's deferred income taxes at September 30, 2021 include approximately $32,000 of U.S. federal deferred income tax liabilities. Should certain proposed U.S. legislation to increase corporate income taxes become law, the Company would record non-cash charge to earnings to reflect the tax effect of higher federal corporate income taxes on its deferred income tax liability effective as of the date that such legislation becomes law.

Net earnings attributable to Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc. were $24,733 (after $14 net loss attributed to non-controlling interests) in third quarter 2021 compared to $24,673 (after $10 net loss attributed to non-controlling interests) in third quarter 2020, and earnings per share were $0.37 and $0.36 in third quarter 2021 and 2020, respectively, an increase of $0.01 per share, or 2.7%. Nine months 2021 net earnings attributable to Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc. were $45,294 (after $20 net loss attributed to non-controlling interests) compared to nine months 2020 net earnings of $44,043 (after $22 net loss attributed to non-controlling interests), and net earnings per share were $0.67 and $0.64 in nine months 2021 and nine months 2020, respectively, an increase of $0.03 per share or 4.7%. Earnings per share attributable to Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc. for third quarter and nine months 2021 benefited from the reduction in average shares outstanding resulting from purchases in the open market by the Company of its common stock. Average shares outstanding decreased from 68,393 at third quarter 2020 to 67,244 at third quarter 2021, and from 68,627 in nine months 2020 to 67,549 in nine months 2021.

Goodwill and intangibles, principally trademarks, are assessed annually as of December 31 or whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying values may not be recoverable from future cash flows. The Company has not identified any triggering events, as defined, or other adverse information that would indicate a material impairment of its goodwill or intangibles in nine months 2021. The Company's trademarks have indefinite lives and Company management believes that any adverse effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on net product sales are temporary and do not significantly affect our business model and long-term strategy. Therefore, we do not consider COVID-19 to be a triggering event to accelerate our annual impairments testing. There were no impairments in the comparative nine months 2020 period or in calendar year 2020. Although Company management has not identified any trigging events at this time relating to its intangibles, the ultimate effects of the Covid-19 pandemic, including possible longer term effects on consumer lifestyles and behavior, could change this assessment in the future, as outlined in the Company's risk factors discussed on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Beginning in 2012, the Company received periodic notices from the Bakery, Confectionery, Tobacco Workers and Grain Millers International Union Pension Plan (Plan), a multi-employer defined benefit pension plan for certain Company union employees, that the Plan's actuary certified the Plan to be in "critical status", as defined by the Pension Protection Act (PPA) and the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC); and that a plan of rehabilitation was adopted by the trustees of the Plan in 2012. Beginning in 2015, the Company received new annual notices that the Plan was reclassified to "critical and declining status", as defined by the PPA and PBGC, for the plan year beginning January 1, 2015, and that the Plan was projected to have an accumulated funding deficiency for the 2017 through 2024 plan years. A designation of "critical and declining status" implies that the Plan is expected to become insolvent in the next 20 years. The Company has continued to receive annual notices each year (2016 to 2021) that this Plan remains in "critical and declining status" and is projected to become insolvent within the next 20 years. These notices have also advised that the Plan trustees were considering the reduction or elimination of certain retirement benefits



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and may seek assistance from the PBGC. Plans in "critical and declining status" may elect to suspend (temporarily or permanently) some benefits payable to all categories of participants, including retired participants, except retirees that are disabled or over the age of 80. Suspensions must be equally distributed and cannot drop below 110% of what would otherwise be guaranteed by the PBGC.

Based on these updated notices, the Plan's funded percentage (plan investment assets as a percentage of plan liabilities), as defined, were 48.3%, 50.4%, and 51.6% as of the most recent valuation dates available, January 1, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively (these valuation dates are as of the beginning of each Plan year). These funded percentages are based on actuarial values, as defined, and do not reflect the actual market value of Plan investments as of these dates. If the market value of investments had been used as of January 1, 2020, the funded percentage would be 51.6% (not 48.3%). As of the January 1, 2020 valuation date (most recent valuation available), only 16% of Plan participants were current active employees, 53% were retired or separated from service and receiving benefits, and 31% were retired or separated from service and entitled to future benefits. The number of current active employee Plan participants as of January 1, 2020 fell 4% from the previous year and 17% over the past two years. When compared to the Plan valuation date of January 1, 2011 (nine years earlier), current active employee participants have declined 49%, whereas participants who were retired or separated from service and receiving benefits increased 4% and participants who were retired or separated from service and entitled to future benefits increased 12%.

The Company has been advised that its withdrawal liability would have been $99,300, $99,800 and $81,600 if it had withdrawn from the Plan during 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company's relative share of the Plan's contribution base, driven by employer withdrawals, has increased for the last several years, and management believes that this trend could continue indefinitely which will continue to add upward pressure on the Company's withdrawal liability. In addition, the overall reduction in interest rates in 2020, may increase the value of vested benefits and may increase the Company's withdrawal liability for 2021.

Based on the Company's updated actuarial study and certain provisions in ERISA and the law relating to withdrawal liability payments, management believes that the Company's liability would likely be limited to twenty annual payments of $2,958 which have a present value in the range of $34,700 to $49,300 depending on the interest rate used to discount these payments. While the Company's actuarial consultant does not believe that the Plan will suffer a future mass withdrawal (as defined in the Plan) of participating employers, in the event of a mass withdrawal, the Company's annual withdrawal payments would theoretically be payable in perpetuity. Based on the Company's updated actuarial study, the present value of such perpetuities is in the range of $48,500 to $150,900 and would apply in the unlikely event that substantially all employers withdraw from the Plan. The aforementioned is based on a range of valuations and interest rates, which the Company's actuary has advised is provided under the statute. Should the Company actually withdraw from the Plan at a future date, a higher withdrawal liability than the above discussed amounts, could be payable to the Plan.

The Company and the union concluded a new labor contract in 2018 which requires the Company's continued participation in this Plan through September 2022. The amended rehabilitation plan, which also continues, required that employer contributions include 5% compounded annual surcharge increases each year for an unspecified period of time beginning in 2012 as well as certain plan benefit reductions. In fourth quarter 2020, the Plan Trustees advised the Company that the surcharges would no longer increase and therefore be "frozen" at the rates and amounts in effect as of December 31, 2020 provided that the local bargaining union and the Company executed a formal consent agreement by March 31, 2021. The Trustees advised that they have concluded that continuing increases in surcharges would likely have a long-term adverse effect on the solvency of the Plan. The Trustees further concluded that additional increases would result in increasing financial hardships and withdrawals of participating employers, and that this change will not have a material effect on the Plan's insolvency date. During first quarter 2021, the local bargaining union and the Company executed this agreement which resulted in the "freezing" of such surcharge rates as of December 31, 2020.

The Company's pension expense for this Plan for nine months 2021 and 2020 was $2,419 and $2,226, respectively ($2,866 and $2,961 for twelve months 2020 and 2019, respectively). The aforementioned expense includes surcharges


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(reflecting the "frozen" surcharge rate) of $853 and $785 for nine months 2021 and 2020, respectively ($1,010 and $948 for twelve months 2020 and 2019, respectively), as required under the amended plan of rehabilitation.

Company Management understands that the U.S. American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 legislation passed in first quarter 2021 provides financial assistance to shore up struggling multi-employer plans and forestall insolvency through 2051 for plans in "critical and declining status". The Company continues to study this legislation with its consulting actuary to determine its effects on the Plan and Company withdrawal liability. This is a complex area, however, based on an initial assessment by the Company's actuary, the Company does not believe that this legislation will result in a material reduction in its withdrawal liability. Nonetheless, the Company is currently unable to determine the ultimate outcome of the above discussed multi-employer union pension matter and therefore is unable to determine the effects on its consolidated financial statements, but the ultimate outcome could be material to its consolidated results of operations or cash flows in one or more future periods. See also Note 7 in the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

The Company continues to actively monitor Covid-19, including existing and developing variants, and its potential impact on our operations and financial results, prioritizing employee health and safety. Because the Company has a sizable investment in marketable securities (see Liquidity and Capital Resources section above), the Company continues to be well positioned financially to respond to any further adverse effects of this pandemic, and Covid-19 variants, in the short and intermediate-terms, as well as for a longer period of time if necessary.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Net cash flows provided by operating activities were $32,153 and $24,088 in nine months 2021 and 2020, respectively, a favorable increase of $8,065. Nine months 2021 cash flows from operating activities principally benefited from higher net earnings and changes in accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and deferred compensation and other liabilities in the comparative periods. The aforementioned increases were partially offset by changes in accounts receivable reflecting the timing of net product sales and collections of accounts receivable trade, and changes in income taxes payable, including estimated tax payments in the comparative periods.

Net cash used in investing activities was $74,492 in nine months 2021 compared to $12,117 in nine months 2020. Cash flows used in investing activities reflect $87,060 and $82,862 of purchases of available for sale securities during nine months 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $34,510 and $67,215 of sales and maturities of available for sale securities during nine months 2021 and 2020, respectively. Nine months 2021 and 2020 investing activities include capital expenditures of $22,930 and $11,425, respectively. The Company has committed approximately $25,000 to a rehabilitation upgrade and expansion of one of its manufacturing plants in the U.S. The Company spent approximately $14,000, $6,000 and $3,000 in 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively, on the aforementioned project. Company management expects future cash outlays for this project to approximate $1,000 during the remainder of 2021 and $1,000 in 2022. All capital expenditures are to be funded from the Company's cash flow from operations and internal sources including available for sale securities.

The Company's consolidated financial statements include bank borrowings of $956 and $933 at September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, all of which relates to its Spanish subsidiary. The Company had no other outstanding bank borrowings at September 30, 2021.

Financing activities include Company common stock purchases and retirements of $30,184 and $23,505 in nine months 2021 and 2020, respectively. Cash dividends of $18,100 and $17,850 were paid in nine months 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The Company's current ratio (current assets divided by current liabilities) was 2.9 to 1 at September 30, 2021 compared to 4.6 to 1 at December 31, 2020 and 4.4 to 1 at September 30, 2020. Net working capital was $183,267 at September 30, 2021 compared to $250,851 and $236,718 at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively. The aforementioned net working capital amounts are principally reflected in aggregate cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments of $115,701 at September 30, 2021 compared to $208,931 and $166,529 at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively. In addition, long term investments, principally debt securities comprising corporate bonds, were $280,326 at September 30, 2021, as compared to $220,020 and $201,698 at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively. Aggregate cash and cash equivalents and short and long-term investments were


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$396,027, $428,951, and $368,227, at September 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively. The aforementioned includes $83,905, $73,828, and $66,120 at September 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively, relating to trading securities which are used as an economic hedge for the Company's deferred compensation liabilities. Investments in available for sale securities, primarily high quality corporate bonds, that matured during nine months 2021 and 2020 were generally used to purchase the Company's common stock or were replaced with debt securities of similar maturities.

The Company periodically contributes to a VEBA trust, managed and controlled by the Company, to fund the estimated future costs of certain employee health, welfare and other benefits. The Company is currently using these VEBA funds to pay the actual cost of such benefits through most of 2022. The VEBA trust held $5,308, $8,272 and $9,826 of aggregate cash and cash equivalents at September 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively. This asset value is included in prepaid expenses and long-term other assets in the Company's Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. These assets are categorized as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy.





ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS


See Note 1 of the Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.





FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS


This discussion and certain other sections contain forward-looking statements that are based largely on the Company's current expectations and are made pursuant to the safe harbor provision of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as "anticipated," "believe," "expect," "intend," "estimate," "project," "plan" and other words of similar meaning in connection with a discussion of future operating or financial performance and are subject to certain factors, risks, trends and uncertainties that could cause actual results and achievements to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements. Such factors, risks, trends and uncertainties, which in some instances are beyond the Company's control, include the overall competitive environment in the Company's industry, changes in assumptions and judgments discussed above under the heading "Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates," and factors identified and referred to above under the heading "Risk Factors" in this report and under the heading "Risk Factors" in the Company's 2020 Form 10-K.

The risk factors identified and referred to above, including the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic and variants, are believed to be significant factors, but not necessarily all of the significant factors that could cause actual results to differ from those expressed in any forward-looking statement. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements, which are made only as of the date of this report. The Company undertakes no obligation to update such forward-looking statements.

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