Business Description
We are a leading provider of manufactured vinyl coated fabrics. Our best known brand, Naugahyde, is the product of many improvements on rubber-coated fabrics developed a century ago inNaugatuck, Connecticut . We design, manufacture and market a wide selection of vinyl coated fabric products under a portfolio of recognized brand names. We believe that our business has continued to be a leading supplier in its marketplace because of our ability to provide specialized materials with performance characteristics customized to the end-user specifications, complemented by technical and customer support for the use of our products in manufacturing. Our vinyl coated fabric products have undergone considerable evolution and today are distinguished by superior performance in a wide variety of applications as alternatives to leather, cloth and other synthetic fabric coverings. Our standard product lines consist of more than 525 SKUs with combinations of colors, textures, patterns and other properties. Our products are differentiated by unique protective top finishes and transfer print capabilities. Additional process capabilities include embossing grains and patterns, and rotogravure printing, which imparts five color character prints and non-registered prints, lamination and panel cutting. Our vinyl coated fabric products have various high performance characteristics and capabilities. They are durable, stain resistant, easily processed, more cost-effective and better performing than traditional leather or fabric coverings. Our products are frequently used in applications that require rigorous performance characteristics such as automotive and non-automotive transportation, certain indoor/outdoor furniture, commercial and hospitality seating, healthcare facilities and athletic equipment. We manufacture materials in a wide range of colors and textures. They can be hand or machine sewn, laminated to an underlying structure, thermoformed to cover various substrates or made into a variety of shapes for diverse end-uses. We are a long-established supplier to the global automotive industry and manufacture products for interior soft trim components from floor to headliner, which are produced to meet specific component production requirements such as cut and sew, vacuum forming/covering, compression molding, and high frequency welding. Some products are supplied with micro perforations, which are necessary on most compression molding processes. Materials can also be combined with polyurethane or polypropylene foam laminated with either flame or hot melt adhesive for seating, fascia and door applications. Products are developed and marketed based upon the performance characteristics required by end-users. For example, for recreational products used outdoors, such as boats, personal watercraft, golf carts and snowmobiles, a product designed primarily for water-based durability and weatherability is used. We also manufacture a line of products called BeautyGard®, with water-based topcoats that contain agents to protect against bacterial and fungal micro-organisms and can withstand repeated cleaning, a necessity in the restaurant and health care industries. These topcoats are environmentally friendlier than solvent-based topcoats. The line is widely used in hospitals and other healthcare facilities. Flame and smoke retardant vinyl coated fabrics are used for a variety of commercial and institutional furniture applications, including hospitals, restaurants and residential care centers and seats for school buses, trains and aircraft.
We currently conduct our operations in manufacturing facilities that are located
in
12 Table of Contents Overview OnNovember 10, 2014 , we acquired through our subsidiaryUEP Holdings LLC ("UEPH") all of the ownership interests inUniroyal Engineered Products, LLC ("Uniroyal"), and acquired directly all of the ordinary common stock ofUniroyal Global (Europe) Limited ("UGEL", formerly known asEngineered Products Acquisition Limited ("EPAL")), the holding company forUniroyal Global Limited (formerly known asWardle Storeys (Earby) Limited ("Wardle Storeys")). OnJanuary 27, 2020 , we announced a one-for-five reverse stock split ("reverse stock split") on our common stock that became effective onFebruary 24, 2020 . All share and per share amounts reflect the effect of the reverse stock split. The amounts in common stock and additional paid-in capital were adjusted as of the effective date of the reverse stock split. We and our subsidiaries use a 52/53-week fiscal year ending on the Sunday nearest toDecember 31 . The year endedJanuary 3, 2021 was a 53-week year whereas the year endedDecember 29, 2019 was a 52-week year. OurU.K. subsidiaries use the calendar year end ofDecember 31 . The activity of theU.K. subsidiaries that occurs on the days that do not coincide with our year-end
is not material. Our Earby,England operation's functional currency is the British Pound Sterling ("Pound Sterling") and has sales and purchases transactions that are denominated in currencies other than the Pound Sterling, principally the Euro. Approximately 27% of our global revenues and 32% of our global raw material purchases are derived from these Euro transactions. The average year-to-date exchange rate for the Pound Sterling to theU.S. Dollar was approximately 0.7% higher and the average exchange rate for the Euro to the Pound Sterling was approximately 1.2% higher in 2020 compared to 2019. These exchange rate changes had the effect of increasing net sales by approximately$410,000 for the year endedJanuary 3, 2021 . The overall currency effect on our net loss allocable to common shareholders was a positive amount of approximately$51,000 for the year endedJanuary 3, 2021 . TheU.K. exit from theEuropean Union onJanuary 31, 2020 , commonly referred to as Brexit, has caused, and may continue to cause, uncertainty in the global markets. Political and regulatory responses to the withdrawal are still developing, and we are in the process of assessing the impact that the withdrawal may have on our business as more information becomes available. Any impact from Brexit on our business and operations over the long term will depend, in part, on the outcome of tariff, tax treaties, trade, regulatory, and other negotiations theU.K. conducts. During the first quarter of 2020, theWorld Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus ("COVID-19") outbreak a public health emergency. There have been mandates from international, federal, state and local authorities requiring forced closures of various schools, businesses and other facilities and organizations. These forced closures have negatively impacted our business. Primarily due to the negative impact that COVID-19 is having on the global economy, we began to experience a decline in sales during the latter part ofMarch 2020 . In order to mitigate the effect of the decrease in revenue, we are managing our costs, which included initially reducing staff at ourU.S. manufacturing facility and furloughing the entire production staff at theU.K. facility beginning in late March. DuringJune 2020 , we had some employees return to work as ourU.K. facility started limited production of vinyl products based on orders it was receiving from its customers. We brought back additional production workers as incoming orders increased during the third quarter of 2020. All employees returned to work as demand for our products continued to improve in the fourth quarter and into the first quarter of 2021 although it was well below normalized levels.
As described below, we have applied for loans under programs offered by the
governmental agencies in
For theU.S. operations, during the second quarter of 2020 we received$2,217,500 in funds fromOne Community Bank (formerlyOregon Community Bank ) through the Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") administered by theU.S. Small Business Administration ("SBA") under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act ("the CARES Act"). The loan matures onApril 13, 2022 and bears an interest rate of 1.0%. Monthly payments of principal and interest were required to begin onNovember 13, 2020 based on the amount that was outstanding onOctober 13, 2020 in order to fully amortize the loan byApril 13, 2022 . The loan may be prepaid by us at any time prior to maturity with no prepayment penalties. Loan payments have been deferred pending loan forgiveness from the SBA. 13 Table of Contents All or a portion of the loan may be forgiven by the SBA for costs we incurred for payroll, rent, utilities and all other allowable expenses during the 24-week period that beganApril 13, 2020 . We used all proceeds from the loan to maintain payroll and make payments for lease, utility and other allowable expenses. As a result, management believes that we have met the PPP eligibility criteria for forgiveness and has concluded that the loan represents, in substance, a government grant that is expected to be forgiven. As such, in accordance with International Accounting Standards ("IAS") 20, "Accounting for Government Grants and Disclosure of Government Assistance," we have recognized the entire loan amount as grant income, which is included in net other income (expense) in the consolidated statement of operations for the year endedJanuary 3, 2021 . We submitted our application for loan forgiveness toOne Community Bank inNovember 2020 . Also for theU.S. operations, inDecember 2020 we received$2,432,353 in funds fromWells Fargo Capital Finance, LLC through the Main Street Lending Program established by theFederal Reserve Board . The loan matures inNovember 2025 and bears an interest rate of 3.00% above LIBOR. We are required to make monthly interest payments beginning inDecember 2021 with any deferred interest from the first year of the loan added to principal. In addition, we are required to make annual principal payments inNovember 2023 , 2024 and 2025 in increments of 15%, 15% and 70% of the principal, respectively. The loan may be prepaid by us at any time prior to maturity with no prepayment penalties.
Additionally for the
For theU.K. operations, during the year endedJanuary 3, 2021 we recorded reimbursed costs of approximately$1,569,000 under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme ("CJRS") set up by theU.K. government to help employers pay the wages of those employees who would otherwise have been laid off during the coronavirus outbreak but under the CJRS were furloughed instead. This program reimbursed us for up to 80% of the compensation expense plus national insurance and certain benefits paid to the furloughed employees, resulting in lower salary expense for us. While the employees were on furlough, the compensation paid to them was limited to the amount reimbursed by the CJRS. We recorded the reimbursed amounts as reductions to the associated expenses. Additionally for theU.K. operations, during the second half of 2020 we received$1,225,911 in loans from our principal shareholder and$3,268,664 in loans from automotive lenders. These funds provided additional working capital to meet various short-term cash needs. While the closures and limitations on movement, domestically and internationally, are expected to be temporary due to the COVID-19 outbreak, the duration of the supply chain disruption and related financial impact cannot be estimated at this time. Should the closures continue for a more extended period of time or should the effects of the coronavirus continue to spread, the impact could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows which may require that we obtain additional financing. 14 Table of Contents
Year Ended
The following table sets forth, for the year ended
Year Ended % January 3, 2021 December 29, 2019 Change Change Net Sales$ 60,218,355 100.0%$ 91,136,244 100.0%$ (30,917,889 ) -33.9% Cost of Goods Sold 52,437,754 87.1% 76,174,406 83.6% (23,736,652 ) -31.2% Gross Profit 7,780,601 12.9% 14,961,838 16.4% (7,181,237 ) -48.0% Operating Expenses: Selling 3,040,685 5.0% 4,300,730 4.7% (1,260,045 ) -29.3%
General and administrative 6,720,969 11.2% 6,047,734 6.6% 673,235 11.1% Research and development 980,695 1.6% 1,634,385 1.8% (653,690 ) -40.0% Other operating expenses - 0.0% 343,003 0.4% (343,003 ) -100.0% Total Operating Expenses 10,742,349 17.8% 12,325,852 13.5% (1,583,503 ) -12.8% Operating (Loss) Income (2,961,748 ) -4.9% 2,635,986 2.9% (5,597,734 ) <-100% Interest expense (1,581,907 ) -2.6% (2,036,248 ) -2.2% 454,341 -22.3% Funding from Paycheck Protection Program 2,217,500 3.7% - 0.0% 2,217,500 - Other (expense) income (173,214 ) -0.3% 258,486 0.3% (431,700 ) <-100% (Loss) Income before Tax Provision (2,499,369 ) -4.2% 858,224 0.9% (3,357,593 ) <-100% Tax benefit (1,275,743 ) -2.1% (103,199 ) -0. 1% (1,172,544 ) >100% Net (Loss) Income (1,223,626 ) -2.0% 961,423 1. 1% (2,185,049 ) <-100% Preferred stock dividend (3,209,841 ) -5.3% (3,126,496 ) -3.4% (83,345 ) 2.7% Net Loss Allocable to Common Shareholders$ (4,433,467 ) -7.4%$ (2,165,073 ) -2.4%$ (2,268,394 ) >100% Revenue
Total revenue for the year ended 2020 decreased
For the year ended 2020 compared to the year ended 2019,U.S. automotive sales decreased 45.7% and European automotive sales decreased 37.1% (excluding the currency adjustment). This significant decrease was principally due to the COVID-19 pandemic, where most of the Company's customers in this market and the OEMs that use the Company's products in their automobiles, shut down production lines or their entire production facilities at the end of the first quarter 2020 and continued into the second quarter 2020 as the pandemic continued. The automotive market began to improve at the end of the second quarter as most of the customers and OEMs were restarting their production facilities. Due to the continuing improvement in the automotive market and the Company retaining all of its programs, the Company's sales activity increased significantly in the third quarter of 2020 as compared to the second quarter of 2020. The increase in sales continued as revenues in the fourth quarter of 2020 were higher than in the third quarter of 2020. However, they have not yet reached the run-rate of the period prior to the onset of COVID-19. Additionally, sales for the industrial sector decreased 23.9% (24.1% before the currency effect) primarily due to a decline in theU.S. contract market. The negative impact of COVID-19 on the global economy was a major factor in the overall decline in sales, particularly to our customers in the hospitality and healthcare sectors, which principally began during the latter part ofMarch 2020 . Also impacting 2020 revenue to a lesser degree, the Company inAugust 2019 , decommissioned and shut down equipment in theU.K. that manufactured calender product for both the automotive and industrial market. The Company had built sufficient inventory of this product to service its customers for several months after the shutdown. During the years ended 2020 and 2019, the Company sold$1,665,811 and$4,858,032 , respectively, of calender product primarily to the automotive market. 15 Table of Contents Gross Profit
Total gross profit for the year ended 2020 decreased$7,181,237 or 48.0% to$7,780,601 from$14,961,838 for the year ended 2019. The gross profit percentage was 12.9% of sales for the year ended 2020 compared to 16.4% for the year ended 2019. Gross profit amount and percentage were negatively impacted by the effect of COVID-19. However, as with sales, gross profit increased significantly in the third quarter of 2020 as compared to the second quarter of 2020 and continued to increase in the fourth quarter of 2020 as compared to the third quarter of 2020. The gross profit percentage also increased significantly in the third quarter of 2020 as compared to the second quarter of 2020 but declined in the fourth quarter of 2020 as compared to the third quarter of 2020 primarily due to higher costs related to production inefficiencies. During the year ended 2020, manufacturing costs were reduced approximately$1,309,000 due to reimbursements through the CJRS for the salaries of furloughed employees. In addition, there was a favorable currency effect of approximately$103,000 on gross profit.
Operating Expenses Selling expenses for the year ended 2020 decreased$1,260,045 or 29.3% to$3,040,685 from$4,300,730 for the year ended 2019. Due to lower sales activity primarily as a result of COVID-19, selling expenses such as commission, travel and entertainment were reduced in 2020. In addition, the Company was reimbursed approximately$99,000 through the CJRS for the wages of furloughed employees resulting in lower salary expense. Also contributing to the lower selling expenses in 2020 was the 2019 closure of the calender product line and the elimination of its applicable employment and commission costs. There was a$19,000 unfavorable currency effect that partially offset the decrease in selling expenses. General and administrative expenses for the year ended 2020 increased$673,235 or 11.1% to$6,720,969 from$6,047,734 for the year ended 2019. This increase was primarily due to costs for cash management consulting services provided to the Company and a charge relating to a legal proceeding in theU.K. , as previously discussed in Item 3. Partially offsetting the increase were wages of approximately$35,000 that were reimbursed through the CJRS. Included in the increase in general and administrative expenses was an unfavorable currency effect of$10,000 . Research and development expenses for the year ended 2020 decreased$653,690 or 40.0% to$980,695 from$1,634,385 for the year ended 2019. The decrease was principally due to a decline in activities attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic including lower development costs for new trials and wages of approximately$126,000 that were reimbursed through the CJRS. There was a$3,000 unfavorable currency effect that partially offset the decrease in research and development expenses.
There were no other operating expenses for the year ended 2020 and$343,003 for the year ended 2019. The amount for 2019 was cost incurred by the Company as part of a restructuring plan to reduce inefficiencies at itsU.K. facility.
Operating Income (Loss)
Operating loss for the year ended 2020 was$2,961,748 compared to operating income of$2,635,986 for the year ended 2019, a decrease of$5,597,734 . The decrease was due to the decline in gross profit partially offset by the decrease in operating expenses, which included the$343,003 non-recurring restructuring charge in 2019. The operating loss percentage was -4.9% of sales for the year ended 2020 compared to the operating income percentage of 2.9% for the year
ended 2019. Interest Expense
Interest expense for the year ended 2020 decreased
Funding from Paycheck Protection Program:
For the year ended 2020, the
Other Income (Expense) Other expense for the year ended 2020 was$173,214 compared to other income of$258,486 for the year ended 2019. Included in other income (expense) are the currency gains and losses recognized on foreign currency transactions and the change in the fair value of financial assets and liabilities that are denominated in Euros as these currencies fluctuated during the year. Also included in other income (expense) are gains and losses from the change in fair values on the Company's foreign currency exchange contracts. 16 Table of Contents Tax Benefit For the year ended 2020, the tax benefit was$1,275,743 compared to$103,199 for the year ended 2019. The tax benefit for 2020 was principally attributable to the results of theU.S. operations, while the tax benefit for 2019 was principally attributable to the results of theU.K. operations partially offset by a tax provision for theU.S. operations. Based on management's review atJanuary 3, 2021 andDecember 29, 2019 , it was determined that a valuation allowance for the Company's deferred tax assets was not required since it was more likely than not that the deferred tax assets
would be realized. Preferred Stock Dividend
The terms of the acquisitions inNovember 2014 resulted in the issuance of preferred ownership units/stock of UEPH and UGEL to the sellers. These preferred units carried quarterly dividend requirements on a total value of$55,000,000 at rates ranging from 5% to 8%. The dividend rate on theSeries B UEP Holdings preferred units which started at 5.5% increases by 0.5% on the anniversary of the issuance up to a maximum of 8.0%. The payment of dividends for the year endedJanuary 3, 2021 and the three months endedDecember 29, 2019 was deferred to preserve cash and provide additional liquidity. As ofJanuary 3, 2021 andDecember 29, 2019 , accrued dividends of$4,019,905 and$788,599 , respectively, were included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Liquidity and Sources of Capital
Cash, as it is needed, is provided by using the Company's lines of credit. These lines provide for a total borrowing commitment in excess of$44,000,000 subject to the underlying borrowing base specified in the agreements. Of the total outstanding borrowings of$17,760,583 atJanuary 3, 2021 ,$14.6 million of the lines bears interest at LIBOR or the Eurodollar rate plus a range of 1.95% to 2.45%, depending on the underlying borrowing base, or, at our option, at the bank's prime or base lending rate and$3.2 million bears interest at the bank's prime or base lending rate which was 3.25% atJanuary 3, 2021 . The lines provided additional availability of approximately$4.1 million and, combined with UEP's and UGL's total cash balances, liquidity was approximately$5.7 million atJanuary 3, 2021 . We plan to use this availability and cash provided by operating activities to finance our cash needs for fiscal 2021. The balances due under the lines of credit are recorded as current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, sales of the Company's products are lower than expected. This has had a negative impact on the Company's working capital which could affect its ability to borrow using the Company's lines of credit. To increase its liquidity, as previously discussed, the Company has applied for loans under programs offered by the governmental agencies inthe United States and in theUnited Kingdom . For theU.S. operations, early in the second quarter of 2020 the Company received$2,217,500 in funds through the Paycheck Protection Program administered by theUnited States Small Business Administration . The Company believes that all of this debt will be forgiven; it submitted its application for loan forgiveness inNovember 2020 . Also for theU.S. operations, inDecember 2020 the Company received$2,432,353 in funds fromWells Fargo Capital Finance, LLC through the Main Street Lending Program established by theFederal Reserve Board . Additionally for theU.S. operations, during the first quarter of 2021 the Company received a$2.0 million Second Draw PPP loan. In theU.K. , during the year ended 2020 the Company recorded £1,253,000 ($1,569,000 ) in funding available under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme which reimbursed the Company for the compensation expense paid to furloughed employees. Additionally for theU.K. operations, during the second half of 2020 the Company received$1,225,911 in loans from its principal shareholder and$3,268,664 in loans from automotive lenders. These funds provided more working capital to meet various short-term cash needs. The Company continues to attempt to manage its operating costs to match the reduced sales volume. We believe that the increasing sales activities combined with the funding from nontraditional sources (U.S. andU.K. governments and automotive lenders) will be sufficient to provide for short-term cash needs. However, there can be no assurance that additional financing will be available on favorable terms, if at all. The ratio of current assets to current liabilities, including the amount due under our lines of credit, was 0.89 at bothJanuary 3, 2021 andDecember 29, 2019 . Cash balances increased$1,057,201 , before the effects of currency translation of$86,093 , to$1,656,882 atJanuary 3, 2021 from$513,588 atDecember 29, 2019 . Of the above noted amounts,$1,621,692 and$498,007 were held outside theU.S. by our foreign subsidiaries as ofJanuary 3, 2021 andDecember 29, 2019 , respectively. 17 Table of Contents
Cash used in operations was$992,158 for the year ended 2020 as compared to cash provided by operations of$4,659,527 for the year ended 2019. For 2020, cash used in operations was primarily due to the net loss of$1,223,626 and adjustments for non-cash items of$(1,069,834) , offset by changes in working capital of$1,156,536 and changes in other assets and liabilities of$144,766 . For 2019, cash provided by operations was primarily due to adjustments for non-cash items of$2,444,326 , changes in working capital of$1,355,358 , and net income of$961,423 , offset by changes in other assets and liabilities of$(101,580) . Cash used in investing activities was$1,417,623 for the year ended 2020 as compared to$1,894,296 for the year ended 2019. During 2020 and 2019, cash used in investing activities was principally for purchases of machinery and equipment at our manufacturing locations and payments made for company-owned key man life insurance premiums. For the year ended 2020 and 2019, the payments made for the life insurance premiums were net of proceeds from policy loans of$130,000
and$249,051 , respectively. For the year ended 2020, cash provided by financing activities was$3,466,982 compared to cash used in financing activities of$3,298,592 for the year ended 2019. Impacting cash flows from financing activities were proceeds from issuance of long-term debt of$7,725,092 ($2,217,500 through the Paycheck Protection Program,$3,268,664 , net of translation adjustment of$193,425 , from automotive lenders, and$2,432,353 through the Main Street Lending Program) for the year ended 2020 and$604,935 for the year ended 2019. In addition, there were no preferred dividend payments during the year ended 2020 compared to$3,114,592 during the year ended 2019. As previously stated, the payment of dividends for the year endedJanuary 3, 2021 and the three months endedDecember 29, 2019 was deferred to preserve cash and provide additional liquidity. Also impacting cash flows from financing activities for the year ended 2020 and 2019 were net payments on lines of credit of$3,074,286 and net advances on lines of credit of$891,022 , respectively. The changes in the lines of credit reflect the funding of working capital. Additionally during the years ended 2020 and 2019, our majority shareholder provided$1,425,911 (net of translation adjustment of$72,544 ) and$1,350,000 , respectively, in financing in the form of subordinated secured promissory notes. Payments on these notes were$875,000 and$675,000 during 2020 and 2019, respectively. Our credit agreements contain customary affirmative and negative covenants. We were in compliance with our debt covenants as ofJanuary 3, 2021 and through the date of filing of this report. We currently have several on-going capital projects that are important to our long-term strategic goals. Machinery and equipment will also be added as needed to increase capacity or enhance operating efficiencies in our manufacturing plants. We will use a combination of financing arrangements to provide the necessary capital. We believe that our existing resources, including cash on hand and our credit facilities, together with cash generated from operations and additional bank borrowings, will be sufficient to fund our cash flow requirements through at least the next twelve months. However, there can be no assurance that additional financing will be available on favorable terms, if at all.
We have no off balance sheet arrangements.
18 Table of Contents
Critical Accounting Policies, Judgments and Estimates
TheU.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") requires companies to provide additional disclosure and commentary on their most critical accounting policies. TheSEC has defined the most critical accounting policies as the ones that are most important to the portrayal of a company's financial condition and operating results, and requires management to make its most significant estimates and judgments in the preparation of its consolidated financial statements. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions based upon historical experience and various other factors and circumstances. Management believes that our estimates and assumptions are reasonable under the circumstances; however, actual results may vary from these estimates and assumptions under different future circumstances. Our critical accounting policies are described below. Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized when obligations under the terms of a contract with a customer are satisfied, which includes the control of products transferring to the customer. For Uniroyal, this generally occurs when products are shipped and, for UGL, this generally occurs when the customer accepts delivery either at the Company'sU.K. facility or at a mutually agreed upon location. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for products transferred to the customer. Based on historical results and analysis, we estimate and calculate provisions for customer rebates and sales returns and allowances and record these estimated amounts as an offset to revenue in the same period the related revenue is recognized. Accounts Receivable On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our accounts receivable based on individual customer circumstances, historical write-offs and collections, and current industry and customer credit conditions, and adjust the allowance for doubtful accounts accordingly. Our policy regarding write-offs and collection efforts varies based on individual customer circumstances. Past due accounts receivable are determined based on individual customer credit terms. Inventories We value inventory at the lower of cost using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method, or market. To determine the cost of inventory, we allocate fixed expense to the costs of production based on the normal capacity, which refers to a range of production levels and is considered the production expected to be achieved over a number of periods under normal circumstances, taking into account the loss of capacity resulting from planned maintenance. Fixed overhead costs allocated to each unit of production should not increase due to abnormally low production. Those excess costs are recognized as a current period expense. We assess the recoverability of inventory and record a provision for obsolescence based upon specifically identified, discontinued or obsolete items, or a percentage of quantities on hand compared with historical and forecasted usage and sales levels. These assessments, which require management's judgments and estimates, reduce inventories to their estimated net realizable value.
Finite-Lived Long-Lived Assets
Finite-lived long-lived assets consist of property, equipment and other intangible assets, which excludes goodwill and trademarks since they are considered to have indefinite useful lives. Property, equipment and other intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated useful life. These finite-lived long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment at least annually or whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be fully recoverable. An impairment loss would be recognized when the estimated future cash flows from the use of the asset are less than the carrying amount of that asset.
Goodwill and trademarks are indefinite-lived assets and are not amortized unless, for trademarks, we determine that their useful lives are no longer indefinite. These indefinite-lived assets are reviewed for impairment at least annually or whenever events or changes in business circumstances ("triggering events") indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be fully recoverable. An impairment loss would be recognized when the estimated future cash flows from the use of the asset are less than the carrying amount of that asset.
In considering whether the events caused by the COVID-19 pandemic should be
considered a triggering event, we used a qualitative assessment methodology and
determined that it was not more likely than not that the fair value of our
assets was less than the carrying amount and, therefore, concluded that no
impairment charge was necessary as of
19 Table of Contents Income Tax
We file income tax returns inthe United States as a C-Corporation, and in several state jurisdictions and in theUnited Kingdom . Our subsidiary, Uniroyal, is a limited liability company (LLC) for federal and state income tax purposes and as such, its income, losses, and credits pass through to its members. We made the acquisition of Uniroyal through UEPH, a limited liability company, which issued preferred ownership interests to the sellers that provide for quarterly dividends. Uniroyal's taxable income is allocated entirely to UEPH as its sole member and since it is a pass-through entity, this income less the dividends paid to the sellers of Uniroyal is reported on our tax return. The taxable income applicable to the dividends for the preferred ownership interests is reported to the sellers who report it on their respective individual tax returns. We follow ASC 740 Income Taxes for recording the provision for income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are computed based upon the difference between the financial statement and income tax basis of assets and liabilities (temporary differences) using the enacted marginal tax rate applicable when the related asset or liability is expected to be realized or settled. Deferred income tax expenses or benefits are based on the changes in the asset or liability each period. We have federal net operating loss carryforwards of approximately$15.7 million as ofJanuary 3, 2021 , of which$11.7 million expire in years beginning 2022 through 2034 and$4.0 million may be carried forward indefinitely. We have state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately$14.1 million as ofJanuary 3, 2021 , which also expire beginning 2022 through 2034. Additionally, we have foreign net operating loss carryforwards of approximately$2.8 million as ofJanuary 3, 2021 , which have no expiration date. As a result of the federal and state loss carryforwards, we have deferred tax assets of$4,900,595 net of a valuation allowance of$828,411 as of January
3, 2021. We reduce our deferred tax assets by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which temporary differences are deductible. In making our valuation allowance determinations, we consider all available positive and negative evidence affecting specific deferred tax assets, including our past and anticipated future performance, the reversal of deferred tax liabilities, the length of carryback and carryforward periods, and the implementation of tax planning strategies. Management has determined that there is uncertainty as to the realization of a portion of the state net operating loss carryforward and has established a valuation allowance against a portion of the state net operating loss carryforward. Foreign Currency Translation The financial position and results of operations of our foreign subsidiaries are measured using the local currency as the functional currency. Assets and liabilities of operations denominated in foreign currencies are translated intoU.S. dollars at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date, while the capital accounts are translated at the historical rate for the date they were recognized. Revenues and expenses are translated at the weighted average exchange rates during the year. The resulting translation gains and losses on assets and liabilities are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss, and are excluded from net income until realized through a sale or liquidation of the investment. Transaction gains and losses generated from the remeasurement of assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of our foreign operations are included in other income (expense) in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Our short-term financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and lines of credit. We adjust the carrying value of financial instruments denominated in other currencies such as cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and lines of credit using the appropriate exchange rates at the balance sheet date. We believe that the carrying values of these short-term financial instruments approximate their estimated fair values.
The fair value of our long-term debt is estimated based on current rates for similar instruments with the same remaining maturities. In determining the current interest rates for similar instruments, we take into account its risk of nonperformance. We believe that the carrying value of our long-term debt approximates its estimated fair value. 20 Table of Contents
Postretirement and Postemployment Benefit Liabilities
We provide certain health care and life insurance benefits for substantially all employees (active or retired) who were employed prior toFebruary 20, 1987 . In calculating our plan obligations and related expense, we make various assumptions and estimates. These assumptions include discount rates, mortality rates, retirement rates, termination rates and other factors. While we believe that the assumptions used are appropriate, differences in actual experience or changes in assumptions may affect our obligations and future expense. Recent Accounting Standards
See Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements for a discussion on accounting standards that we adopted during 2020 and on those recently issued but not yet required to be adopted.
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