RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Comparison of the Year Ended December 31, 2022 to the Year Ended December 31, 2021





Revenue and Gross Margin:



Vycor Medical recorded revenue of $1,130,915 from the sale of its products for the year ended December 31, 2022, a decrease of $142,687 (or 11%) over 2021. The 2021 period had an unusually high level of activity as Vycor's markets, particularly the US, recovered from Covid and hospitals re-stocked their inventories and recommenced surgeries and procedures that had been deferred or postponed, particularly during the 2nd and 3rd quarters of 2021.Gross margin of 88% was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to 90% in 2021.

NovaVision recorded revenues of $92,074 for the year ended December 31, 2022, a decrease of $27,311 from 2021, and gross margin of 92%, compared to 93% for 2021.





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Research & Development:



Research & Development expenses were $0 for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to $15,159 for the year ended December 31, 2021, reflecting early-stage product development for the Vycor division.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses:

Selling, General and Administrative expenses decreased by $282,357 to $1,330,627 in 2022 from $1,612,984 in 2021. Included within Selling, General and Administrative Expenses are non-cash charges for stock-based compensation as the result of amortizing employee and non-employee shares and options which have been issued by the Company over various periods. The charge for 2022 was $185,610, a decrease of $155,488 from $341,098 in 2021, following an amendment to the Fountainhead Consulting Agreement and the departure from the Board of Messrs. Girgenti and Rush. Also included within Selling, General and Administrative Expenses are Sales Commissions, which decreased by $47,599 to $212,910 reflecting decreased level of sales in the US.

The remaining Selling, General and Administrative expenses decreased by $79,270 from $1,011,378 to $932,106. Patent costs decreased by $44,137 due to lower patent activity during the period and lower costs of NovaVision patents; software development and associated scientific and clinical costs related to additional development in NovaVision decreased by $57,218; marketing costs increased by $19,358 primarily from the launch of the VBAS AC product and payroll costs increased by $31,137 due to the addition of employees.

An analysis of the change in cash and non-cash G&A is shown in the table below:





2022 G&A Change                                   Cash G&A       Non-Cash G&A
Board and financial                                       -           (155,488 )
Scientific, clinical and software development       (57,218 )                -
Legal, patent, audit/accounting and regulatory      (48,195 )                -
Commissions                                         (47,599 )                -
Premises, insurances, other                         (24,552 )                -
Sales and marketing                                  19,558                  -
Payroll                                              31,137                  -
Total change                                       (126,869 )         (155,488 )




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Interest Expense:


Interest comprises expense on the Company's debt and insurance policy financing. Related Party Interest expense for 2022 increased $7,722 following the issuance of related party notes during 2022 and 2021 to $39,563 from $31,841 for 2021. Other Interest expense for 2022 decreased by $3,306 to $52,664 from $55,970 for 2021.





Other Income:



Other Income of $117,200 was recorded during the year ended December 31, 2021 from the forgiveness of Paycheck Protection Program loans

Operating loss from Discontinued Operations:

Operating loss from Discontinued Operations decreased by $22,201 to $5,212 in 2022 from $27,413 in 2021 as the business is wound down.

Liquidity and Capital Resources





Liquidity


The following table shows cash flow and liquidity data for the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:





                                    December 31, 2022       December 31, 2021         $ Change
Cash                               $            37,035     $            90,941     $      (53,906 )
Accounts receivable, inventory
and other current assets           $           480,728     $           396,470     $       84,258
Total current liabilities          $        (3,654,796 )   $        (3,149,997 )   $     (504,799 )
Working capital                    $        (3,137,033 )   $        (2,662,586 )   $     (474,447 )
Cash provided by financing
activities                         $           165,889     $            61,945     $      103,944

Operating Activities. Cash provided by (used in) operating activities comprises net loss adjusted for non-cash items and the effect of changes in working capital and other activities. The net repayment of normal insurance financing should also be taken into account when considering cash provided by (used in) operating activities.

The following table shows the principal components of cash provided by (used in) operating activities during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, with a commentary of changes during the years and known or anticipated changes:





                                    December 31, 2022       December 31, 2021       $ Change
Net loss                           $          (404,917 )   $          (435,662 )   $    30,745

Adjustments to reconcile net
loss to cash provided by (used
in) operating activities:
Amortization and depreciation of
assets                             $            61,403     $            68,418     $    (7,015 )
Stock based compensation           $           185,610     $           341,098     $  (155,488 )
Forgiveness of PPP loan            $                 -     $          (117,200 )   $   117,200
Other                              $            15,515     $            12,360     $     3,155
                                   $           262,528     $           304,676     $   (42,148 )

Net loss adjusted for non-cash
items                              $          (142,389 )   $          (130,986 )   $   (11,403 )
Changes in working capital
Accounts receivable                $           (30,108 )   $            33,142     $   (63,250 )
Accounts payable and accrued
liabilities                        $           (63,283 )   $            58,521     $  (121,804 )
Inventory                          $           (56,868 )   $           (38,785 )   $   (18,083 )
Prepaid expenses and net
insurance financing repayments     $           (21,547 )   $            13,379     $   (34,926 )
Accrued interest (not paid in
cash)                              $            92,227     $            83,423     $     8,804
Changes in discontinued
operations, net                    $            (1,659 )   $            (3,980 )   $     2,321
                                   $           (81,238 )   $           145,700     $  (226,938 )

Cash provided by (used in)
operating activities, adjusted
for net insurance repayments       $          (223,627 )   $            14,714     $  (238,341 )




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The adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash of $262,528 in the period have no impact on liquidity. The change in accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $121,804 between the 2022 and 2021 periods was mainly due to the settlement of expenses during the 2021 period incurred during the final quarter of 2020.

Additional inventory of $162,750 was purchased during the year ended December 31, 2022 as part of normal production and for the launch of the VBAS AC, and the Company anticipates purchasing additional new inventory of approximately $75,000 during the next twelve months for VBAS and VBAS AC.

Investing Activities. Cash used in investing activities of continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $2,780 compared to $38,375 in 2021, which primarily reflected the expenditure on the VBAS AC during 2021.

Financing Activities. During the year ended December 31, 2022 the Company received funds of $172,500 in respect of loans from Fountainhead. The Company had received a second loan of $58,600 during 2021 pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (the "PPP") under Division A, Title I of the CARES Act. Both loans received under the Paycheck Protection Program were forgiven in August 2021 and resulted in an extinguishment of debt for $117,200, during 2021, which is included in the adjustment to reconcile net loss to cash provided by (used in) operating activities section on the cash flow statement.

Liquidity and Plan of Operations, Ability to Continue as a Going Concern

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company has incurred losses since its inception, including a net loss of $404,917 and $435,662 for the years ending December 31, 2022 and 2021 respectively and has not generated sufficient cash flows from operations. As at December 31, 2022 the Company had a working capital deficiency of $551,433 excluding related party liabilities of $2,585,600. As a result these conditions, among others, raise substantial doubt regarding our ability to continue as a going concern. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

As described earlier in this ITEM 1 "Strategy", the Company is executing on a plan to achieve a reduction in cash operating losses2. Included within the working capital deficiency above is a term note for $300,000 to EuroAmerican Investment Corp. ("EuroAmerican"), together with accrued interest of $424,897, which has a maturity date of December 31, 2023, having been extended on a number of occasions from its initial due date of June 11, 2011. At this time, it is not known whether any further extension of the note beyond December 31, 2023 will be available. However, the Company believes it may not have sufficient cash to meet its various cash needs through March 31, 2024 unless the Company is able to obtain additional cash from the issuance of debt or equity securities. Fountainhead, the Company's largest shareholder, has provided working capital funding to the Company on an as-needed basis, although there is no guarantee that this will continue to be the case. The Company may consider seeking additional equity or debt funding, although there is no assurance that this would be available on acceptable terms or at all. If adequate funds are not available, the Company may have to delay or curtail development or commercialization of products or cease some of its operations.

2 Operating Income or Loss before Depreciation, Amortization and non-cash Stock Compensation

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of December 31, 2022, we had no off-balance sheet arrangements.





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Seasonality


Our operating results are not affected by seasonality.





Inflation


Our business and operating results are not affected in any material way by inflation, although rising raw material and labor costs will result in an increase in the cost of sales.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Uses of estimates in the preparation of financial statements

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimated. To the extent management's estimates prove to be incorrect, financial results for future periods may be adversely affected. Significant estimates and assumptions contained in the accompanying consolidated financial statements include management's estimate of the allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable, provision for inventory obsolescence, useful life of intangible assets, and the fair values of options and warrant included in the determination of debt discounts and stock based compensation.





Revenue Recognition


On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted the new accounting standard, ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers and all the related amendments (new revenue standard) to all contracts. The adoption of the new accounting standard had no impact on company's consolidated financial statements.

Vycor Medical generates revenue from the sale of its surgical access system to hospitals and other medical professionals. Vycor Medical records revenue from product sales when obligations under the terms of a contract with customers are satisfied. Generally, this occurs with the transfer of control of the goods to customers. Vycor Medical does not provide for product returns or warranty costs.

Vycor determines revenue recognition through the following steps:





  ? Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer

  ? Identification of the performance obligations in the contract

  ? Determination of the transaction price

  ? Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the
    contract

  ? Recognition of revenue when Vycor satisfy a performance obligation



NovaVision generates revenues from various programs, therapy services and other sources such as software license sales. Therapy services revenues represent fees from NovaVision's vision restoration therapy software, eye movement training software, diagnostic software, clinic set up and training fees, and the professional and support services associated with the therapy. NovaVision provides vision restoration therapy directly to patients. The typical therapy program consists of NeuroEyeCoach, performed over 2-4 weeks, and six modules of Vision Restoration Therapy, performed over 6 months. A patient contract comprises set-up fees and monthly therapy fees. Set-up fees are recognized at the outset of the contract and therapy revenue is recognized ratably over the therapy period. Patient therapy is restricted to being completed by a patient within a specified time frame.

Deferred revenue results from patients paying for the therapy in advance of receiving the therapy.





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Inventory


Inventories are stated at the weighted average cost method. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price, in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs to complete and dispose of the product. If the Company identifies excess, obsolete or unsalable items, its inventories are written down to their realizable value in the period in which the impairment is first identified. The provision charge for inventory for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $13,160 and $12,360, respectively. Shipping and handling costs incurred for inventory purchases and product shipments are recorded in cost of sales.





Discontinued Operations



In accordance with ASU No. 2014-08, Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity, a disposal of a component of an entity or a group of components of an entity is required to be reported as discontinued operations if the disposal represents a strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on an entity's operations and financial results when the components of an entity meets the criteria in paragraph 205-20-45-1E to be classified as held for sale. When all of the criteria to be classified as held for sale are met, including management, having the authority to approve the action, commits to a plan to sell the entity, the major current assets, other assets, current liabilities, and noncurrent liabilities shall be reported as components of total assets and liabilities separate from those balances of the continuing operations. At the same time, the results of all discontinued operations (which we presented as operations to be disposed and operations disposed), less applicable income taxes (benefit), shall be reported as components of net income (loss) separate from the net income (loss) of continuing operations in accordance with ASC 205-20-45.





Contractual Obligations


As a "smaller reporting company" as defined by Item 10 of Regulation S-K, the Company is not required to provide this information.

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