Forward-Looking Information

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may contain various forward-looking statements, which can be identified by the use of words such as "estimate," "project," "believe," "intend," "anticipate," "plan," "seek," "expect" and similar expressions and verbs in the future tense. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:





  ? Statements of our goals, intentions and expectations;
  ? Statements regarding our business plans, prospects, growth and operating
    strategies;
  ? Statements regarding the quality of our loan and investment portfolio; and
  ? Estimates of our risks and future costs and benefits.



These forward-looking statements are based on current beliefs and expectations of our management and are inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond our control. In addition, these forward-looking statements are subject to assumptions with respect to future business strategies and decisions that are subject to change.

The following factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from the anticipated results or other expectations expressed in the forward-looking statements:





  ? general economic conditions, either nationally or in our market area,
    including employment prospects, that are different than expected;
  ? the effects of any pandemic, including COVID-19, and related government
    actions;
  ? competition among depository and other financial institutions;
  ? inflation and changes in the interest rate environment that reduce our margins
    and yields, our mortgage banking revenues, the fair value of financial
    instruments or the origination levels in our lending business, or increase the
    level of defaults, losses or prepayments on loans we have made and make
    whether held in portfolio or sold in the secondary markets;
  ? adverse changes in the securities or secondary mortgage markets;
  ? changes in laws or government regulations or policies affecting financial
    institutions, including changes in regulatory fees and capital requirements;
  ? changes in monetary or fiscal policies of the U.S. Government, including
    policies of the U.S. Treasury and the Federal Reserve Board;
  ? our ability to manage market risk, credit risk and operational risk in the
    current economic conditions;
  ? our ability to enter new markets successfully and capitalize on growth
    opportunities;
  ? our ability to successfully integrate acquired entities;
  ? decreased demand for our products and services;
  ? changes in tax policies or assessment policies;
  ? the inability of third-party providers to perform their obligations to us;
  ? changes in consumer demand, spending, borrowing and savings habits;
  ? changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the bank
    regulatory agencies, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, the Securities
    and Exchange Commission or the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board;
  ? our ability to retain key employees;
  ? cyber attacks, computer viruses and other technological risks that may breach
    the security of our websites or other systems to obtain unauthorized access to
    confidential information and destroy data or disable our systems;
  ? technological changes that may be more difficult or expensive than expected;
  ? the ability of third-party providers to perform their obligations to us;
  ? the effects of any federal government shutdown;
  ? the effects of global or national war, conflict or acts of terrorism;
  ? the ability of the U.S. Government to manage federal debt limits;
  ? significant increases in our loan losses; and
  ? changes in the financial condition, results of operations or future prospects
    of issuers of securities that we own.




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See also the factors referred to in reports filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission (particularly those under the caption "Risk Factors" in Item 1A of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021).

The risks included here are not exhaustive. Other sections of this report may include additional factors which could adversely affect our business and financial performance. New risks emerge from time to time and it is not possible for management to predict all such risks, nor can it assess the impact of all such risks on our business or the extent to which any risk, or combination of risks, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Given these risks and uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results.





Overview


The following discussion and analysis is presented to assist the reader in understanding and evaluating the Company's financial condition and results of operations. It is intended to complement the unaudited consolidated financial statements, footnotes, and supplemental financial data appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and should be read in conjunction therewith. The detailed discussion in the sections below focuses on the results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 and the financial condition as of June 30, 2022 compared to the financial condition as of December 31, 2021.

As described in the notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements, we have two reportable segments: community banking and mortgage banking. The community banking segment provides consumer and business banking products and services to customers primarily within Southeastern Wisconsin. Consumer products include loan products, deposit products, and personal investment services. Business banking products include loans for working capital, inventory and general corporate use, commercial real estate construction loans, and deposit accounts. The mortgage banking segment, which is conducted by offices in 26 states through Waterstone Mortgage Corporation, consists of originating residential mortgage loans primarily for sale in the secondary market.

Our community banking segment generates the significant majority of our consolidated net interest income and requires the significant majority of our provision for loan losses. Our mortgage banking segment generates the significant majority of our noninterest income and a majority of our noninterest expenses. We have provided below a discussion of the material results of operations for each segment on a separate basis for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, which focuses on noninterest income and noninterest expenses. We have also provided a discussion of the consolidated operations of the Company, which includes the consolidated operations of the Bank and Waterstone Mortgage Corporation, for the same periods.





Significant Items


There were no significant items that impacted earnings for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.





COVID-19


The COVID-19 pandemic has caused economic and social disruption on an unprecedented scale. While some industries have been impacted more severely than others, all businesses have been impacted to some degree. Conditions have appeared to improve and our businesses remain fully operational. We continue to monitor the degree and severity of the pandemic and will react to future changes in current environment.





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Comparison of Community Banking Segment Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021

Net income totaled $6.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to $7.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. Net interest income decreased $807,000 to $13.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to $14.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. Interest income on loans decreased as replacement rates and average balances were lower than in the prior year. Offsetting the decrease in interest income on loans, interest expense on deposits decreased as replacement rates decreased and interest income on mortgage-related securities increased due to the increase in the average balance.

There was a negative provision for credit losses of $41,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to a $750,000 negative provision for loan losses for the three months ended June 30, 2021. The negative provision for credit losses of $41,000 consisted of a $170,000 provision related to loans and a $211,000 of negative provision related to unfunded commitments for the three months ended June 30, 2022. During the three months ended June 30, 2022, we made adjustments to our forecast factor to reflect the current economic forecast, and qualitative factors, primarily to account for the changes in internal metrics and external risk factors.

Total noninterest income increased $10,000 to $1.6 million during the three months ended June 30, 2022 due primarily to an increase in bank owned life insurance offset as interest rates increased offset by a decrease in service fee on deposits.





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Compensation, payroll taxes, and other employee benefits expense decreased $278,000 to $4.6 million primarily due to a decrease in health insurance expense and Employee Stock Ownership Plan expense as the average stock price decreased compared to the quarter ending June 30, 2021. Other noninterest expense increased $545,000 to $1.0 million as certain loan-related expenses increased.

Comparison of Mortgage Banking Segment Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021

Net income totaled $1.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to $10.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. We originated $778.8 million in mortgage loans held for sale (including sales to the community banking segment) during the three months ended June 30, 2022, which represents a decrease of $286.4 million, or 26.9%, from the $1.06 billion originated during the three months ended June 30, 2021. The decrease in loan production volume was driven by a $187.3 million, or 71.5%, decrease in refinance products as mortgage rates have increased. Mortgage purchase products decreased $99.1 million, or 12.3%, due to inventory constraints in the market and as interest rates have increased. Total mortgage banking noninterest income decreased $20.4 million, or 40.4%, to $30.1 million during the three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to $50.6 million during the three months ended June 30, 2021. The decrease in mortgage banking noninterest income was related to a 26.9% decrease in volume and a 21.8% decrease in gross margin on loans originated and sold for the three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to June 30, 2021. Gross margin on loans originated and sold is the ratio of mortgage banking income (excluding the change in interest rate lock fair value) divided by total loan originations. The gross margin on loans originated and sold contraction reflects decreased industry demand due to the increased competition from mortgage originators. We sell loans on both a servicing-released and a servicing-retained basis. Waterstone Mortgage Corporation has contracted with a third party to service the loans for which we retain servicing.

Additionally, our overall margin can be affected by the mix of both loan type (conventional loans versus governmental) and loan purpose (purchase versus refinance). Conventional loans include loans that conform to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac standards, whereas governmental loans are those loans guaranteed by the federal government, such as a Federal Housing Authority or U.S. Department of Agriculture loan. Loans originated for the purchase of a residential property, which generally yield a higher margin than loans originated for refinancing existing loans, comprised 90.4% of total originations during the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to 75.4% of total originations during the three months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, as refinance demand decelerated due to an increase in interest rates over the past year. The mix of loan type trended towards more governmental loans and less conventional loans, with governmental loans and conventional loans comprising 25.7% and 74.3% of all loan originations, respectively, during the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to 24.7% and 75.3% of all loan originations, respectively, during the three months ended June 30, 2021.

Total compensation, payroll taxes and other employee benefits decreased $7.9 million, or 26.9%, to $21.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to $29.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. The decrease in compensation expense was primarily related to decreased commission expense and branch manager compensation driven by decreased loan origination volume and branch profitability as gross margins decreased. Other noninterest expense increased $55,000 to $2.7 million during the quarter ended June 30, 2022. The increase related to an increase in provision of loan sale losses offset by a decrease in mortgage servicing rights amortization expense. During the quarter ended June 30, 2022, the segment opened five new branches. Direct start up expenses related to these branches totaled approximately $510,000 for the quarter ended June 30, 2022.

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