Jonathan Kamran

Fidelity Management & Research Co. (FMR) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm was founded in 1946 and is a subsidiary of FMR LLC, also known as Fidelity Investments. FMR provides investment supervisory services, which include sub-advisory services, to Fidelity's family of mutual funds and exchange-traded funds, qualified tuition programs, privately offered unregistered investment funds, separately managed account clients, and various other institutional accounts.

HBK Investments LP, do-business-as HBK Capital Management (HBK), is a SEC-registered investment advisor and hedge fund manager headquartered in Dallas, Texas. The firm was founded in 1991 and is a subsidiary of HBK Partners II LP. HBK provides discretionary investment management services and related administrative services to their funds, which are private investment funds offered only to sophisticated investors with substantial resources.

Artisan Partners LP (Artisan Partners) is a mutual fund manager and SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The firm was founded in 2009 by Andrew Ziegler and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Artisan Partners Holdings LP, itself a subsidiary of Artisan Partners Asset Management, Inc. (NYSE: APAM). Artisan Partners serves as investment adviser to a variety of separately managed accounts, unregistered pooled investment vehicles, trustees of collective investment trusts, and to each series of Artisan Partners Funds, Inc. (Artisan Partners Funds) and Artisan Partners Global Funds plc (Artisan Partners Global Funds), an open-ended management investment company.

General Atlantic LLC (General Atlantic) is a private equity firm founded in 1980 by Charles F. Feeney. The firm is headquartered in New York.

Paloma Partners Management Co. (PPMC) is an independent, SEC-registered investment advisor and hedge fund manager headquartered in Greenwich, Connecticut. The firm was founded in 1989 by S. Donald Sussman. PPMC provides discretionary investment advisory services to private investment funds.

Citigroup Global Markets, Inc. (Broker) (CGMI-Broker) is the broker/dealer division of Citigroup Global Markets, Inc., an investment bank headquartered in New York City with additional offices across the US. The firm was founded in 2004 and is a subsidiary of Citigroup Financial Products, Inc., ultimately held by Citigroup, Inc. (NYSE: C). CGMI-Broker covers all market capitalizations of the major global indices and provides macro and quantitative analysis of global markets and sector trends. Their core focus of the group is to help investing clients make informed decisions by providing value-added, independent, insightful analysis.

UBS Securities LLC is an investment bank and registered broker/dealer headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 1998 as UBS Warburg LLC. They are a subsidiary of UBS Americas Holding LLC, ultimately held by UBS Group AG (SWX: UBSG, NYSE: UBS) in Switzerland. UBS Securities is a primary dealer in US Government securities and provides a full range of investment banking services which includes corporate finance, mergers and acquisitions, capital markets, trading and sales, fixed-income, equity research, private banking, underwriting and prime brokerage operations. The firm also provides advisory services and access to capital markets for corporate, institutional, intermediary and alternative asset management clients.

JPMorgan Securities LLC (JPMS) is a securities brokerage firm headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 1985 and is a subsidiary of JPMorgan Broker-Dealer Holdings, Inc., ultimately held by JPMorgan Chase & Co., Inc. (NYSE: JPM). JPMS provides research on fixed income, credit, derivatives, emerging markets, foreign exchange, structured finance, technical analysis and bond indices. Their equity analysts cover equities throughout North America, EMEA, Asia/Pacific and the emerging markets. The firm's fixed income team formulates trading and portfolio recommendations for investors in global bonds and other fixed-income markets based on valuations, analytics and market dynamics.

G.research (formerly known as Gabelli & Co., Inc.) is a registered institutional research and brokerage firm headquartered in Rye, New York and was founded in 1976. The firm is a subsidiary of Gabelli Securities, Inc. and their ultimate parent is GAMCO Investors, Inc. (NYSE: GBL). G.research has an emphasis on small and mid-cap ideas. Their core competencies include aerospace and defense, automotive aftermarket, food and beverage, gaming and lodging, industrials, media, specialty chemicals, telecom and utilities. They publish daily research notes and full reports utilizing their proprietary Private Market Value (PMV) with a Catalyst methodology.

Adaptly, Inc. provides multiple ad networks for advertisers. It offers a social advertising platform. The firm provides Circuit, a delivery and cost performance optimization engine and Evergreen, a media optimization platform and Momentum, a brand and audience engagement tracking tool. The company was founded by Nikhil Sethi and Garrett Ullom in 2010 and is headquartered in New York, NY.

WBL Columbia LLC provides short-term loans to small businesses. The company was founded by Doug N. Naidus in 2011 and is headquartered New York, NY.

Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC is a registered broker-dealer subsidiary of Morgan Stanley Domestic Holdings, Inc., ultimately owned by Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) in the US. Headquartered in New York City, the firm was founded in 1987 and provides debt and equity services including underwriting, M&A advice, securities dealing and brokerage and trade execution. Their client base ranges from large global institutional investors to hedge funds at the cutting edge of innovation in the industry.

McKinsey & Co., Inc. provides management consulting services. It specializes in design, marketing and sales, analytics, operations, transformation and restructuring, risk, strategy and corporate finance, and sustainability and resource productivity. The company was founded by James O. McKinsey in 1926 and is headquartered in New York, NY.

Harvard University engages in the provision of teaching and research. It has twelve degree-granting Schools in addition to the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, offering a global education. The university was founded in 1636 and is headquartered in Cambridge, MA.

Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC (GS&Co.) is a securities brokerage firm headquartered in New York City. Founded in 1927, the firm is a subsidiary of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (NYSE: GS). GS&Co. provides services to help hedge funds manage risk, monitor portfolios, maintain liquidity and build their businesses. They offer clients access to global equity and derivatives markets, as well as foreign exchange, commodities, European Lefts, rates and credit across the Americas, Europe and Asia. The firm proactively monitors capital markets, searching for pockets of liquidity and news that may require changes to those strategies. Integration with the Goldman Sachs network gives clients access to the firm's sectored block trades and their insights into price discovery. Their electronic trading program provides clients with tools to manage their trades from pre-trade analytics to post-trade analysis.

Northwestern University is a private institution founded in 1851 to serve the Northwest Territory, an area that now includes the states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin and parts of Minnesota. Northwestern has three campuses

Duke University is an academic university that offers undergraduate, graduate and professional programs. It also has publications and research services. The university was founded in 1838 and is headquartered in Durham, NC.

Tel-Aviv University operates as a university in Israel. Its faculties include arts, engineering, science, humanities, law, life science, management, medicine, and social science. The company was founded in 1956 and is headquartered in Ramat Aviv, Israel.

Moody's Investors Service, Inc. is a credit rating and investment research firm headquartered in New York City. They are a subsidiary of Moody's Corp. (NYSE: MCO). The firm performs international financial research and analysis on commercial and government entities and provides a variety of analytic tools for assessing credit risk. Their clients include creditors, investment banks and commercial banks.

Fitch Ratings, Inc. is a global rating agency and investment research firm headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded by John Knowles in 1913 as Fitch Publishing Co. They are a subsidiary of Fitch Group, Inc., ultimately owned by The Hearst Family Trust. Fitch Ratings seeks to provide independent and prospective credit opinions, research and data to the world's credit markets. Their approach is based on a foundation of local market experience that covers capital markets in over 150 countries. The firm's ratings analysis and rating decisions are based on established criteria, methodologies and ratings definitions which they apply in a consistent manner. Fitch Ratings provides coverage of the following markets: Economics, Banks, Insurance, Sovereigns, Corporates, Structured Finance, Public Finance – International, Public Finance – US, Infrastructure & Project, and Finance.

Barclays Capital, Inc. is a registered broker/dealer headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 1997 and is a subsidiary of Barclays Group US, Inc., ultimately owned by Barclays plc (LON: BARC) in Great Britain. Barclays Capital provides large corporate, government and institutional clients a full spectrum of prime brokerage services which includes equities and fixed income financing, OTC Clearing, Futures and Foreign Exchange Prime Brokerage and access to industry insights and analytics from their Strategic Consulting team.

University of Washington functions as a College/University. The company is headquartered in Seattle, WA.

OUP Management Co. LLC (Osage Partners) is a venture capital firm founded by Robert Adelson and Louis Berneman in 1990. The firm is headquartered in Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania.

Surveyor Capital Ltd. is a hedge fund seeding platform headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 2008 and is a subsidiary of Citadel LP, which is owned by GFH HFEVA LLC. Surveyor Capital manages capital exclusively for Citadel’s multi-strategy funds and its positions are consolidated in Form 13F filed by Citadel Advisors LLC.

Part of Publicis Groupe SA, Rosetta LLC is a company that provides independent interactive marketing services. The company is based in Hamilton, NJ.

Accounting Research & Analytics LLC, do-business-as Center for Financial Research & Analysis (CFRA), is an investment research firm headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 1994 and is a subsidiary of CFRA Research, Inc. CFRA provides independent and actionable research and analytics to their global subscribers to improve their investment and business decisions. The firm’s services also include forensic accounting research and analytics that identifies public companies with deteriorating earnings quality; and fundamental research and commentary focused on stocks, ETFs, mutual funds, sectors and industries.

Echelon Wealth Partners, Inc. (Echelon) is a Canadian-owned and operated full-service broker-dealer headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. The firm was founded by Robert Furse and David Cusson in 2010 as Euro Pacific Canada, Inc. They are owned by 1-UP Holdings Corp., a holding company. Echelon offers superior investment advice and efficient trade execution for their institutional and retail clients. In 2023, Echelon and PI Financial Corp. (now known as Ventum Financial Corp.) have agreed to combine in a merger of equals to create an investment advisory, wealth management, and capital markets firm.

Sanford C. Bernstein & Co. LLC is a registered broker-dealer headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 1967 and is a subsidiary of Alliance Capital Management LLC, ultimately held by Equitable Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: EQH). Sanford C. Bernstein & Co. provides trading and executions services to their clients.

Warner Media Investments (Warner Media) is a venture capital subsidiary of Warner Media LLC founded in 1990. The firm is headquartered in New York.

Peking University provides post-secondary education services. It offers undergraduate and graduate courses. It provides courses such as basic and applied sciences, social sciences and the humanities, sciences of medicine, management, and education. The company was founded by JiaNai Sun in 1898 and is headquartered in Beijing, China.