The following analysis of the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of Alexander & Baldwin, Inc. ("A&B" or the "Company") and its subsidiaries should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included in Item 1 of this Form 10-Q and the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, ("2021 Form 10-K") filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC").

Throughout this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, references to "we," "our," "us" and "our Company" refer to Alexander & Baldwin, Inc., together with its consolidated subsidiaries.

Forward-Looking Statements

Statements in this Form 10-Q that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and involve a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by the relevant forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding possible or assumed future results of operations, business strategies, growth opportunities and competitive positions, as well as the rapidly changing challenges with, and the Company's plans and responses to, the coronavirus pandemic ("COVID-19") and related economic disruptions. Such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date the statements were made and are not guarantees of future performance. Forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors that could cause actual results and the timing of certain events to differ materially from those expressed in or implied by the forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to, prevailing market conditions and other factors related to the Company's REIT status and the Company's business, risks associated with COVID-19 and its impact on the Company's businesses, results of operations, liquidity and financial condition, the evaluation of alternatives by the Company related to its materials and construction business, and the risk factors discussed in the Company's most recent Form 10-K, Form 10-Q and other filings with the SEC. The information in this Form 10-Q should be evaluated in light of these important risk factors. We do not undertake any obligation to update the Company's forward-looking statements.

Introduction and Objective

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A") provides additional material information about the Company's business, recent developments and financial condition; its results of operations at a consolidated and segment level; its liquidity and capital resources including an evaluation of the amounts and certainty of cash flows from operations and from outside sources; and how certain accounting principles, policies and estimates affect its financial statements. MD&A is organized as follows:

•Business Overview: This section provides a general description of the Company's business, as well as recent developments that management believes are important in understanding its results of operations and financial condition or in understanding anticipated future trends.

•Consolidated Results of Operations: This section provides an analysis of the Company's consolidated results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022, as compared to the corresponding period of the preceding fiscal year.

•Analysis of Operating Revenue and Profit by Segment: This section provides an analysis of the Company's results of operations by business segment for the three months ended March 31, 2022, as compared to the corresponding period of the preceding fiscal year.

•Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures: This section provides a discussion of the Company's non-GAAP financial measures included in this report and presents quantitative reconciliations between the non-GAAP financial measures and the most directly comparable financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. It also describes why the Company believes that presentation of the non-GAAP financial measure provides useful information to investors regarding the Company's financial condition and results of operations and, to the extent material, describes additional purposes for which the Company uses the non-GAAP financial measures.

•Liquidity and Capital Resources: This section provides a discussion of any material changes in the Company's liquidity, financial condition and cash flows, including a discussion of any material changes in the Company's ability to fund its future commitments and ongoing operating activities in the short-term (i.e., over the next twelve months from the most recent fiscal period end) and in the long-term (i.e., beyond the next twelve months) through internal and



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external sources of capital, as compared to the end of preceding fiscal year ended December 31, 2021. It includes an evaluation of the amounts and certainty of cash flows from operations and from outside sources.

•Other Matters: This section identifies and summarizes other matters to be discussed in Item 2 of this report including any changes in the significant judgments or estimates on the part of management in preparing the Company's consolidated financial statements that may materially impact the Company's reported results of operations and financial condition from the end of the preceding fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, the potential impact of recently issued accounting pronouncements and other miscellaneous matters as needed.

Amounts in the MD&A are rounded to the nearest tenth of a million. Accordingly, a recalculation of totals and percentages, if based on the reported data, may be slightly different.



Business Overview

Reportable segments

The Company operates three segments: Commercial Real Estate; Land Operations; and Materials & Construction. A description of each of the Company's reporting segments is as follows:

•Commercial Real Estate ("CRE") - This segment functions as a vertically integrated real estate investment company with core competencies in investments and acquisitions (i.e., identifying opportunities and acquiring properties); construction and development (i.e., designing and ground-up development of new properties or repositioning and redevelopment of existing properties); and in-house leasing and property management (i.e., executing new and renegotiating renewal lease arrangements, managing its properties' day-to-day operations and maintaining positive tenant relationships). The Company's preferred asset classes include improved properties in retail and industrial spaces and also urban ground leases. Its focus within improved retail properties, in particular, is on grocery-anchored neighborhood shopping centers that meet the daily needs of Hawai'i communities. Through its core competencies and with its experience and relationships in Hawai'i, the Company seeks to create special places that enhance the lives of Hawai'i residents and to provide venues and opportunities that enable its tenants to thrive. Income from this segment is principally generated by owning, operating and leasing real estate assets.

•Land Operations - This segment includes the Company's legacy assets and landholdings that are subject to the Company's simplification and monetization effort. Financial results from this segment are principally derived from real estate development and land sales, income/loss from real estate joint ventures, hydroelectric energy and other legacy business activities.

•Materials & Construction ("M&C") - This segment operates one of Hawai'i's largest asphalt paving contractors and is one of the state's largest natural materials and infrastructure construction companies, primarily conducting business through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Grace Pacific LLC ("Grace Pacific"), a materials and construction company in Hawai'i. The M&C segment also includes the Company-owned quarry land on Maui, as well as the Company's unconsolidated joint venture interest in a materials company.

Simplification strategy

As a result of its conversion to a REIT and consequent de-emphasis of non-REIT operating businesses, the Company has pursued the simplification of its business, which includes ongoing efforts to accelerate the monetization of its non-commercial real estate assets, including its Materials & Construction businesses.

The Company is evaluating strategic alternatives in order to monetize and dispose of the remaining Materials & Construction businesses, either together as a group or individually. However, the outcome, including the timing, of the strategic exploration process is not certain, as any potential transaction related to the Materials & Construction businesses would be dependent upon a number of external factors that may be beyond the Company's control, including, among other factors, market conditions, industry trends, interest of third parties, and the availability of financing to potential buyer(s) on reasonable terms. There can be no assurance that the exploration of strategic alternatives will result in any agreements or transactions, or that, if completed, any agreements or transactions will be successful or on attractive terms. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that any of the options evaluated will be pursued or completed. Further, there can be no assurance that the outcome of the evaluation of strategic alternatives or any potential transaction or transactions will result in the Company being able to recover the carrying value of the Materials & Construction businesses or related disposal group.



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Termination of certain employee benefit plans

On February 23, 2021, the Company's Board of Directors approved a plan to effect the termination of the A&B Retirement Plan for Salaried Employees of Alexander & Baldwin, LLC and the Pension Plan for Employees of A&B Agricultural Companies (collectively, the "Defined Benefit Plans"), which became effective on May 31, 2021.

In connection with the termination, the Company expects to make cash contributions in 2022 in order to fully fund the Defined Benefit Plans on a plan termination basis, and the Defined Benefit Plans will be settled upon completion of lump sum distributions and purchase of annuity contracts. These additional cash contributions are expected to range between $34 million and $48 million. However, the actual amount of this cash contribution requirement will depend upon the nature and timing of participant settlements, interest rates, as well as prevailing market conditions. In addition, the Company expects to recognize pre-tax pension settlement charges in the range of $81 million to $95 million, related to actuarial losses currently in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated balance sheets, upon settlement of the obligations of the Defined Benefit Plans. These charges are currently expected to occur in 2022, with the specific timing and final amounts dependent upon completion of the activities enumerated above. During the first quarter of 2022, the Company recorded a partial settlement charge of $3.2 million related to certain benefit payments made from the master trust as a result of the Defined Benefit Plans termination process.



Recent Developments

Coronavirus Pandemic

Economic uncertainty and volatility stemming from the coronavirus or COVID-19 pandemic remain, including depressed international tourism, global supply chain disruptions, labor shortages and turnover, and more recently, rising inflation. The ultimate extent of the impact that the COVID-19 pandemic will have on the Company's business, financial condition, results of operations and liquidity and capital resources may continue to be impacted by unpredictable future developments.

Inflationary Trends

The U.S. economy has recently experienced an increase in the rate of inflation which has impacted a wide variety of industries and sectors through increased commodity prices. Inflation has increased construction costs, including tenant improvements and capital projects, and operating costs. Many of the Company's leases require tenants to pay an allocable portion of operating expenses, including common area maintenance, real estate taxes and insurance, resulting in a mitigating impact on increased costs and operating expenses due to inflation.

For the Materials & Construction segment, inflation-sensitive inputs necessary for the Company to provide products and services, including upward pressure on wages and increases in the cost of raw materials used to produce HMA and other items that are critical to the businesses in this segment, including fuel. In addition, the Company experienced some disruptions from various supply chain participants, including subcontractors, materials suppliers and equipment manufacturers, who provide the raw materials, equipment, vehicles, construction supplies and other services required in order to manufacture HMA and perform construction projects. To date, we have been able to mitigate some of the effects of inflation, supply chain disruptions and labor constraints by increasing prices for products and including the anticipated cost increases in bids on construction projects. However, the Company is limited in its ability to pass through increased costs for projects already in backlog and, under those circumstances, may be unable to recoup losses or diminished profit margins by passing these costs through to customers.



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