This report contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (PSLRA). All statements other than statements of historical fact are "forward-looking statements" for purposes of federal and state securities laws, including: any projections of earnings, revenues or other financial items; any statements of the plans, strategies and objectives of management for future operations; any statements concerning proposed new products, services or developments; any statements regarding future economic conditions or performance; any statements of belief; and any statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. Forward-looking statements may include the words "may," "will," "estimate," "intend," "continue," "believe," "expect," "plan" or "anticipate" and other similar words. Such forward-looking statements may be contained in the sections "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," and "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)" among other places
in this Form 10-Q.
Dollar amounts and number of shares below are expressed in thousands, except per share amounts.
OVERVIEW
Ecoark Holdings is a diversified holding company incorporated in the state ofNevada onNovember 19, 2007 .Ecoark Holdings has four wholly-owned subsidiaries:Ecoark, Inc. ("Ecoark"), aDelaware corporation which is the parent ofZest Labs, Inc. ("Zest Labs "), 440IoT Inc., aNevada corporation ("440IoT"),Banner Midstream Corp. , aDelaware corporation ("Banner Midstream"), andTrend Discovery Holdings Inc. , aDelaware corporation ("Trend Holdings ").
Through its subsidiaries, the Company is engaged in three separate and distinct business segments: (i) technology; (ii) commodities; and (iii) financial.
?Zest Labs offers the Zest Fresh solution, a breakthrough approach to quality management of fresh food, is specifically designed to help substantially reduce the$161 billion amount of food loss theU.S. experiences each year. ? Banner Midstream is engaged in oil and gas exploration, production and
drilling operations on over 10,000 cumulative acres of active mineral
leases in
provides transportation and logistics services and procures and finances
equipment to oilfield transportation service contractors.
?
Discovery Capital Management provides services and collects fees from entities.Trend Holdings invests in a select number of early stage startups each year as part of the fund's Venture Capital strategy. ? 440IoT is a cloud and mobile software developer based nearBoston ,
provider for cloud, mobile, and IoT (Internet of Things) applications.
OnMay 31, 2019 , the Company aDelaware corporation ("Trend Holdings "), pursuant to which theTrend Holdings merged with and into the Company (the "Merger"). The Merger was consummated on theMay 31, 2019 . Pursuant to the Merger, the Company acquiredTrend Holding's primary asset,Trend Discovery Capital Management, LLC ("Trend Capital Management "). Trend Capital Management provides services and collects fees from entities includingTrend Discovery LP ("Trend LP ") and Trend Discovery SPV I ("Trend SPV"). Trend Discovery and Trend SPV invest in securities.Trend Capital Management does not invest in securities or have any role in the purchase of securities byTrend LP and Trend SPV. 37 In the near-term,Trend LP's performance will be driven by its investment in Volans-i, a fully autonomous vertical takeoff and landing drone delivery platform ("Volans").Trend LP currently owns approximately 1% of Volans and has participation rights to future financings to maintain its ownership at 1% indefinitely. More information can be found at flyvoly.com. Our principal executive offices are located at5899 Preston Road #505,Frisco, Texas 75034, and our telephone number is (479) 259-2977. Our website address is http://ecoarkusa.com/. Our website and the information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference in and are not considered part of this report. OnMarch 27, 2020 , the Company andBanner Energy, Inc. , aNevada corporation ("Banner Parent"), entered into a Stock Purchase and Sale Agreement (the "Banner Purchase Agreement") to acquireBanner Midstream Corp. , aDelaware corporation ("Banner Midstream"). Pursuant to the acquisition, Banner Midstream became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. Banner Midstream has four operating subsidiaries:Pinnacle Frac Transport LLC ("Pinnacle Frac"),Capstone Equipment Leasing LLC ("Capstone"),White River Holdings Corp. ("White River"), andShamrock Upstream Energy LLC ("Shamrock"). Pinnacle Frac provides transportation of frac sand and logistics services to major hydraulic fracturing and drilling operations. Capstone procures and finances equipment to oilfield transportation service contractors. These two operating subsidiaries of Banner Midstream are revenue producing entities. White River and Shamrock are engaged in oil and gas exploration, production, and drilling operations on over 10,000 cumulative acres of active mineral leases inTexas ,Louisiana , andMississippi .
Critical Accounting Policies, Estimates and Assumptions
In reading and understanding the Company's discussion of results of operations, liquidity and capital resources, one should be aware of key policies, judgments and assumptions that are important to the portrayal of financial conditions and results. The Company has recently entered into the commodity business through its acquisition of Banner Midstream. The Company has included several new accounting policies related to this segment of this business. Our revenues from periods prior to fiscal 2020 were generated principally from the sale of hardware. In the three months endedJune 30, 2020 , revenues were principally from professional services from our financing segment as well as oil and gas services related to our transportation and logistics service business contained in Banner Midstream.
A significant percentage of our operating expenses results from non-cash share-based compensation, which is typical of technology companies as well as costs related to our exploration and driver costs.
For the share-based compensation, we have granted shares, options and warrants to employees, consultants and investors as incentives to generate success for the Company instead of making cash payments. The accounting calculations for this type of compensation can be complex and are derived from models like the Black-Scholes option pricing model that requires judgment in making assumptions and developing estimates. We have also invested heavily in research and development expenses. Those investments have required cash payments principally for the development of our software solutions and the testing of those solutions in our labs and on some customer projects. We have not capitalized any of that development effort, so there are no research and development costs to amortize in the future.
We have been conservative in our treatment of income taxes. Our historical losses have resulted in net operating losses for tax purposes. Applying accounting policies, we have recorded a "valuation allowance" against both current and future tax benefits of the losses. We will not recognize any benefits until such time as we are assured that we will generate taxable income.
38 RESULTS OF OPERATIONS Overview
The discussion below addresses the Company's operations and liquidity which were impacted by the acquisition ofTrend Holdings inMay 2019 and Banner Midstream inMarch 2020 as described above.
Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended
Revenues Revenues for the three months endedJune 30, 2020 were$2,313 as compared to$35 for the three months endedJune 30, 2019 . Revenues were comprised of$90 and$25 in the financing segment;$0 and$10 in the technology segment; and$2,223 and$0 in the commodity segment for the three months endedJune 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Cost of Revenues and Gross Profit
Cost of revenues for the three months endedJune 30, 2020 was$1,093 as compared to$45 for the three months endedJune 30, 2019 . Cost of Revenues were comprised of$0 and$0 in the financing segment;$0 and$45 in the technology segment; and$1,093 and$0 in the commodity segment for the three months endedJune 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Gross margins increased from (28%) for the three months endedJune 30, 2019 to 52% for the three months endedJune 30, 2020 due to lower costs involved with executing the projects. Operating Expenses
Operating expenses for the three months endedJune 30, 2020 were$3,415 as compared to$2,524 for the three months endedJune 30, 2019 . Operating expenses were comprised of$129 and$139 in the financing segment;$982 and$2,385 in the technology segment; and$2,304 and$0 in the commodity segment for the three months endedJune 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The$891 increase, or approximately 35%, was due principally to changes in operations forZest Labs in their selling expenses, offset by wages and consulting fees for Banner Midstream as this was acquired inMarch 2020 and the depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion for Banner Midstream in 2020.
Selling, General and Administrative
Selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months endedJune 30, 2020 were$2,884 compared with$1,550 for the three months endedJune 30, 2019 . Cost reduction initiatives were focused on salary related and professional fees for the Technology segment offset by the costs incurred for Banner Midstream as this was acquired inMarch 2020 . In addition, the modification of stock options contributed to this increase in 2020.
Depreciation, Amortization, Depletion and Accretion
Depreciation, amortization, depletion and accretion expenses for the three months endedJune 30, 2020 were$301 compared to$77 for the three months endedJune 30, 2019 . Depreciation, amortization, depletion and accretion expenses were comprised of$0 and$0 in the financing segment;$63 and$77 in the technology segment; and$238 and$0 in the commodity segment for the three months endedJune 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The$240 increase resulted primarily from the acquisition of Banner Midstream and the depletion and accretion is the result of the oil and gas properties maintained by Banner Midstream. The technology and financing segment do not have depletion or accretion. 39 Research and Development
Research and development expense decreased 74% to$230 in the three months endedJune 30, 2020 compared with$897 in the three months endedJune 30, 2019 . The$667 reduction in costs related primarily to the maturing of development of theZest Labs freshness solutions. Other Income and Expense Change in fair value of derivative liabilities for the three months endedJune 30, 2020 was a loss of ($17,393 ) as compared to a gain of$945 for the three months endedJune 30, 2019 . The$18,338 decrease was a result of the volatility in the stock price in the three months endedJune 30, 2020 compared to the three months endedJune 30, 2019 . In addition, there was a gain inJune 30, 2020 from the extinguishment of the derivative liabilities that when converted to shares of common stock of$1,630 . In the period endedJune 30, 2020 , there was a loss on the conversion of debt and other liabilities to shares of common stock of$2,194 and a loss on the sale of fixed assets and abandonment of oil and gas properties of$105 and$83 , respectively. Interest expense, net of interest income, for the three months endedJune 30, 2020 was$841 as compared to$59 for the three months endedJune 30, 2019 . The increase was the result of the interest incurred on the debt assumed in the Banner Midstream acquisition as well as the value related to the granting of warrants for interest of$524 and the amortization of debt discount of$149 . Net Loss Net loss from continuing operations for the three months endedJune 30, 2020 was$21,181 as compared to$1,648 for the three months endedJune 30, 2019 . The$19,533 decrease in net loss was primarily due to the changes in the fair value of the derivative liability and the losses incurred on the conversion of debt to equity, offset by the gain on the exchange of warrants for common stock described herein. The net income (loss) was comprised of ($914 ) and$32 in the financing segment; ($5,355 ) and ($1,680 ) in the technology segment; and net loss of ($14,912 ) and$0 in the commodity segment for the three months endedJune 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity is the ability of a company to generate funds to support its current and future operations, satisfy its obligations, and otherwise operate on an ongoing basis. Significant factors in the management of liquidity are funds generated by operations, levels of accounts receivable and accounts payable
and capital expenditures.
To date we have financed our operations through sales of common stock and the issuance of debt.
In addition to these transactions, the Company in the period
(a) On
funding related to
13, 2020,
LLC, a subsidiary of Banner Midstream.
(b) On
shares of Series B Preferred shares into 161 common shares.
(c) On April 1 and May 5, 2020, two institutional investors elected to convert
their 1 Series C Preferred share into 1,379 common shares.
(d) On
institutional investors holding 1,379 warrants issued on
with an exercise price of
exercise price of
additional number of warrants as a condition of their agreement to exercise theNovember 2019 warrants. 40
The following unaudited pro forma consolidated balance sheet as ofJune 30, 2020 is presented to reflect certain equity transactions that occurred in July andAugust 2020 as if they had occurred as ofJune 30, 2020 : June 30, 2020 Pro Forma June 30, 2020 (as Reported) Adjustment (as Adjusted) ASSETS: Current assets: Cash$1,793 (1)$ 1,585 $ 3,378 Accounts receivable 224 224 Other current assets 2,681 2,681 Total current assets 4,698 1,585 6,283 Other assets 23,130 23,130 Total assets$ 27,828 $ 1,585 $ 29,413 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT) Current liabilities: Accounts payable and accrued expenses $ 3,141 $ 3,141 Derivative liabilities 19,062 (1) (3,749 ) 15,313 Current portion of long-term debt, notes payable and lease liabilities 2,830 2,830 Other current liabilities 1,478 1,478 Total current liabilities 26,511
(3,749 ) 22,762 Non-current liabilities 3,993 3,993 Total liabilities 30,504 (3,749 ) 26,755 Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) Common stock 99 (1) 1 100 Additional paid-in capital 148,100 (1)
1,584 149,684 Accumulated deficit (149,204 ) (1) 3,749 (145,455 ) Treasury stock (1,671 ) (1,671 )
Total stockholders' equity (deficit) (2,676 ) 5,334 2,658 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity (deficit)$ 27,828 $ 1,585 $ 29,413
(1) This represents the issuance of 1,441 shares of common stock in the exercise
of warrants at an exercise price of
an embedded derivative liability that had a value at
This derivative liability would be eliminated upon the exercise of the
warrants and reflected in the statement of operations, and as a result will
decrease the accumulated deficit. 41 AtJune 30, 2020 we had cash (including restricted cash) of$1,793 , and a working capital deficit of$21,813 and$16,689 as ofJune 30, 2020 andMarch 31, 2020 , respectively. The increase in the working capital deficit is the result of the change in the fair value of the derivative liabilities offset by the repayment and conversion of debt and liabilities to shares of common stock. These liabilities were assumed in the Banner Midstream inMarch 2020 . The Company is dependent upon raising additional capital from future financing transactions and had raised approximately$1,585 in a warrant exercise in the second quarter of fiscal 2021. The revenue generating operations of Banner Midstream will continue to improve the liquidity of the Company moving forward. The COVID-19 pandemic has had minimal impact on our operations to date, but the effect of this pandemic on the capital markets may affect some of our operations. Net cash used in operating activities was$2,837 for the three months endedJune 30, 2020 , as compared to net cash used in operating activities of$976 for the three months endedJune 30, 2019 . Cash used in operating activities is related to the Company's net loss partially offset by non-cash expenses, including share-based compensation and the change in the fair value of the derivative liability and net losses incurred in the conversion of debt and liabilities to shares of common stock as well as losses on the sale of fixed assets and abandonment of oil and gas properties. Net cash used in investing activities was$209 for the three months endedJune 30, 2020 , as compared to$8 net cash provided for the three months endedJune 30, 2019 . Net cash used in investing activities in 2020 related to the advancement of a note receivable of$200 , and the net purchases of fixed assets and oil and gas properties. Net cash provided by financing activities for the three months endedJune 30, 2020 was$4,433 that included$7,026 (net of fees) raised via issuance of stock for the exercise of warrants and stock options, offset by proceeds and repayments of long-term debt and notes payable - related parties of$2,593 . This compared with the three months endedJune 30, 2019 amounts of$758 provided by financing that included$460 provided through the credit facility. Contractual Obligations Our contractual obligations are included in our Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. To the extent that funds generated from our operations, together with our existing capital resources, are insufficient to meet future requirements, we will be required to obtain additional funds through equity or debt financings. No assurance can be given that any additional financing will be made available to us or will be available on acceptable terms should such a need arise.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As
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