David S. Gruber

Royce & Associates LP, dba Royce Investment Partners (Royce), is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded by Charles Royce in 1972 and is a subsidiary of Legg Mason Royce Holdings LLC, which is ultimately owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). Royce offers investment advisory services to US registered investment companies, non-US investment companies, collective investment trusts, two separate series of a privately offered limited liability company, and institutional separate accounts managed for a pension plan and a charitable organization.

Legg Mason, Inc. is a holding company. It engages in the provision of investment management and related products and services to institutional and individual clients, company-sponsored mutual funds, and other investment vehicles. The company was founded in 1981 and is headquartered in Baltimore, MD.

T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. (Price Associates) is a registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Baltimore, Maryland. The firm was founded by Thomas Rowe Price, Jr. in 1937. They are a subsidiary of the T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. (NASDAQ: TROW), which was formed in 2000 as the publicly traded parent holding company of Price Associates and their affiliated entities. Price Associates offers a variety of mutual funds, sub-advisory services and separate account management for individual and institutional investors, retirement plans and financial intermediaries.

RiverSource Investments LLC, formerly American Express Financial Corp., is a registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Minneapolis, Minnesota with offices in New York City, Maryland, Massachusetts and California. The firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ameriprise Financial Services, Inc. (NYSE: AMP). RiverSource Investments provides investment management services to the RiverSource Investments family of funds (formerly the American Express Funds). The firm also provides investment management services for institutional clients, alternative investments, insurance assets and a managed account program.