The information in our Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A") should be read together with our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes set forth in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our MD&A set forth in Item 7 of Part II of our 2019 Form 10-K and our Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes set forth in Item 8 of Part II of our 2019 Form 10-K. See Part II, Item 1A, "Risk Factors," below and "Cautionary Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements," above, and the information referenced therein, for a description of risks that we face and important factors that we believe could cause actual results to differ materially from those in our forward-looking statements. All amounts and percentages are approximate due to rounding and all dollars are in millions, except per share amounts or where otherwise noted. When we cross-reference to a "Note," we are referring to our "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements," unless the context indicates otherwise. Starting in the second quarter 2020, we have renamed our reporting segments from Food Care to Food and from Product Care to Protective. This segment reporting name change aligns with our use internally and in the markets we serve. There has been no change in the composition of the segments and no impact on prior period results of our reporting segments. Recent Events and Trends Impact of COVID-19 OnMarch 11, 2020 , theWorld Health Organization declared the Coronavirus Disease 2019 ("COVID-19") outbreak to be a global pandemic. Additionally, many international heads of state, including the President ofthe United States , declared the COVID-19 outbreak to be a national emergency in their respective countries. In response to these declarations and the rapid spread of COVID-19 across many countries, includingthe United States , governmental agencies around the world (including federal, state and local governments inthe United States ) implemented varying degrees of restrictions on social and commercial activities to promote social distancing in an effort to slow the spread of the illness. While the initial restrictions have been lifted or revised in many parts of the world andthe United States , the measures, as well as future measures, had and will continue to create a significant adverse impact upon many sectors of the global economy. Additionally, the spread of the virus continues to accelerate in some parts of the world, includingthe United States . We continue to monitor the impact of COVID-19 on all aspects of our business and geographies, including the impact on our employees, customers, suppliers, business partners and distribution channels. Our established crisis management teams, which are comprised of cross function and regional leaders, continue to assess the evolving situation and implement business continuity plans at both the regional and headquarter levels. See Part II, Item 1A, "Risk Factors," below for additional risks related to the COVID-19 pandemic.Employee Health and Safety and Business Continuity The health and safety ofSealed Air's global employees, suppliers and customers continue to be the Company's top priority. Safety measures remain in place atSealed Air sites such as: enhanced cleaning procedures, employee temperature checks, use of personal protective equipment for location-dependent workers, social distancing measures within operating sites, remote work arrangements for non-location dependent employees, visitor access restrictions and significant limitations on travel, particularly in regions with high transmission of COVID-19. Remote work arrangements will remain in place for some of our non-location dependent employees as appropriate. In a remote working environment, we continue our efforts to mitigate information technology risks including failures in the physical infrastructure or operating systems that support our businesses and customers, or cyber attacks and security breaches of our networks or systems. Additionally, we continue to execute all activities related to our internal control over financial reporting in our remote environment. There has not been any change in our internal control over financial reporting during the six months endedJune 30, 2020 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. While we continue to practice enhanced employee safety and other precautionary measures during this pandemic, there are significant uncertainties regarding the future impact of COVID-19, which we cannot predict. Supply Chain and OperationsSealed Air's global operations continue to operate and serve customers' needs. We experienced limited facility closures as a result of government orders in response to the pandemic. Additionally, in some jurisdictions, we have at times reduced 43 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- production capacity due to local social distancing requirements which limit the number of employees in our facility. These instances have not had a material impact on our operations to date. We continue to closely monitor our location-dependent operations. The impact of COVID-19 has resulted in approximately$9 million in unanticipated net expenses for the six months endedJune 30, 2020 . These costs included additional personal protective gear, cleaning and other health and hygiene supplies and related expenses; higher employment costs; and incremental freight due to sourcing changes along with other higher manufacturing related costs. We cannot predict the impact on our operations of continued spread or worsening of the COVID-19 pandemic or future restrictions on commercial activities by governmental agencies to limit future spread of the virus. The health of our workforce, and our ability to meet staffing needs in our manufacturing facilities, distribution of our products and other critical functions are key to our operations. Markets We Serve Early during the implementation of initial commercial and social restrictions, employees within "Food and Agriculture" and "Transportation and Logistics," including their respective supply chains such as packaging material providers, were deemed "Essential Critical Infrastructure Workers " by theU.S. Department of Homeland Security and similarly by other international governmental agencies. These designations covered the majority ofSealed Air employees and allowed us to continue operations in order to serve our customers. Late in the first quarter and early in the second quarter, as the initial impact of COVID-19 intensified around the world, we experienced an increase in demand for packaging solutions for essential materials including all proteins, frozen foods, pantry items, medical equipment and pharmaceuticals. However, demand contracted mid-second quarter as some of our customers, including certain meat processors and industrial manufacturers, had to temporarily suspend production or were unable to fully staff their operations due to COVID-19 outbreaks. As these customers returned to operation, demand and volume increased late in the second quarter. Subsequent disruption in our customers' operations could negatively impact our future results of operations. Some sectors, such as industrial goods, capital-intensive equipment and parts of the food industry including food service and restaurants have experienced significant adverse impacts. Capital-intensive equipment that serves food market segments has been negatively impacted due to customer's re-evaluation of investments and delays due to restrictions on third-party visitors and installations in light of current social distancing measures. Overall, organic sales volume declined$49 million or 4% during the second quarter, with Food down 2% and Protective down 8%. Liquidity and Financial Position As ofJune 30, 2020 ,Sealed Air had approximately$1.3 billion of liquidity available, comprised of$290 million in cash and undrawn, committed credit facilities of$1,052 million . The Company does not have long-term debt maturing untilAugust 2022 . See Note 10, "Accounts Receivable Securitization Programs" and Note 14, "Debt and Credit Facilities" for further details. Each issue of our outstanding senior notes imposes limitations on our operations and those of specified subsidiaries. Our Credit Facility contains customary affirmative and negative covenants for credit facilities of this type, including limitations on our indebtedness, liens, investments, restricted payments, mergers and acquisitions, dispositions of assets, transactions with affiliates, amendment of documents and sale leasebacks, and a covenant specifying a maximum leverage ratio of debt to EBITDA. As a result of our acquisition of Automated, the maximum covenant leverage ratio of debt to EBITDA has temporarily increased to 5.00 to 1.00 throughSeptember 30, 2020 . The maximum covenant leverage ratio will return to 4.50 to 1.00 afterSeptember 30, 2020 . AtJune 30, 2020 , our leverage ratio of debt to EBITDA, as calculated under the covenant, is 2.92 to 1.00. We expect continued compliance with our debt covenants including the covenant leverage ratio over the next 12 months. See Note 14, "Debt and Credit Facilities" for further details. Non-U.S. GAAP Information
We present financial information that conforms to
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are used by management to review and analyze our operating performance and, along with other data, as internal measures for setting annual budgets and forecasts, assessing financial performance, providing guidance and comparing our financial performance with our peers. Non-U.S. GAAP financial measures also provide management with additional means to understand and evaluate the core operating results and trends in our ongoing business by eliminating certain expenses and/or gains (which may not occur in each period presented) and other items that management believes might otherwise make comparisons of our ongoing business with prior periods and peers more difficult, obscure trends in ongoing operations or reduce management's ability to make useful forecasts. Non-U.S. GAAP information does not purport to represent any similarly titledU.S. GAAP information and is not an indicator of our performance underU.S. GAAP. Investors are cautioned against placing undue reliance on these non-U.S. GAAP financial measures. Further, investors are urged to review and consider carefully the adjustments made by management to the most directly comparableU.S. GAAP financial measure to arrive at these non-U.S. GAAP financial measures, described below. The non-U.S. GAAP financial metrics exclude certain specified items ("Special Items"), including restructuring charges and restructuring associated costs, certain transaction and other charges related to acquisitions and divestitures, gains and losses related to acquisitions and divestitures, special tax items or tax benefits (collectively, "Tax Special Items") and certain other items. We evaluate unusual or Special Items on an individual basis. Our evaluation of whether to exclude an unusual or special item for purposes of determining our non-U.S. GAAP financial measures considers both the quantitative and qualitative aspects of the item, including among other things (i) its nature, (ii) whether or not it relates to our ongoing business operations, and (iii) whether or not we expect it to occur as part of our normal business on a regular basis. When we present forward-looking guidance, we do not also provide guidance for the most directly comparableU.S. GAAP financial measures, as they are not available without unreasonable effort due to the high variability, complexity, and low visibility with respect to certain Special Items, including gains and losses on the disposition of businesses, the ultimate outcome of certain legal or tax proceedings, foreign currency gains or losses resulting from the volatile currency market inArgentina , and other unusual gains and losses. These items are uncertain, depend on various factors, and could be material to our results computed in accordance withU.S. GAAP.
Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin
Adjusted EBITDA is defined as Earnings before Interest Expense, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization, adjusted to exclude the impact of Special Items. Management uses Adjusted EBITDA as one of many measures to assess the performance of the business. Additionally, Adjusted EBITDA is the performance metric used by the Company's chief operating decision maker to evaluate performance of our reportable segments. Adjusted EBITDA is also a metric used to determine performance in the Company's Annual Incentive Plan. We do not believe there are estimates underlying the calculation of Adjusted EBITDA, other than those inherent in ourU.S. GAAP results of operations, which would render the use and presentation of Adjusted EBITDA misleading. While the nature and amount of individual Special Items vary from period to period, we believe our calculation of Adjusted EBITDA is applied consistently to all periods and, in conjunction with otherU.S. GAAP and non-U.S. GAAP financial measures, Adjusted EBITDA provides a useful and consistent comparison of our Company's performance to other periods. The following table shows a reconciliation ofU.S. GAAP Net Earnings from continuing operations to non-U.S. GAAP Total Company Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations: 45 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended June 30, June 30, (In millions) 2020 2019 2020 2019 Net earnings from continuing operations 100.3 25.5 214.8 89.8 Interest expense, net 43.3 43.2 87.7 88.1 Income tax provision 44.6 12.3 77.3 42.7 Depreciation and amortization, net of adjustments(1) 53.4 38.0 104.9 78.2 Special Items: Restructuring charges 10.1 29.3 10.7 36.7 Other restructuring associated costs(2) 3.8 21.3 7.8 38.0 Foreign currency exchange loss due to highly inflationary economies 1.2 1.3 2.1 2.1 Charges related to the Novipax settlement agreement - 59.0 - 59.0 Charges (income) related to acquisition and divestiture activity 1.2 (0.5) 4.1 3.2 Other Special Items(3) 2.0 7.3 3.7 14.7 Pre-tax impact of Special Items 18.3 117.7 28.4 153.7 Non-U.S. GAAP Total Company Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations$ 259.9 $ 236.7 $ 513.1 $ 452.5 (1)Includes depreciation and amortization adjustments of$(0.1) million and$(1.0) million for the three and six months endedJune 30, 2019 , respectively. (2)Other restructuring associated costs for the three and six months endedJune 30, 2020 primarily relate to fees paid to third-party consultants in support of Reinvent SEE. Other restructuring associated costs for the three and six months endedJune 30, 2019 primarily relate to fees paid to third-party consultants in support of Reinvent SEE and costs associated with property consolidations and machinery and equipment relocations resulting from Reinvent SEE. See Note 13, "Restructuring Activities," for additional information related to our Reinvent SEE and our restructuring program. (3)Other Special Items for the three and six months endedJune 30, 2019 , primarily included fees related to professional services, mainly legal fees, directly associated with Special Items or events that are considered one-time or infrequent in nature. The Company may also assess performance using Adjusted EBITDA Margin. Adjusted EBITDA Margin is calculated as Adjusted EBITDA divided by net trade sales. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA Margin is a useful measure to assess the profitability of sales made to third parties and the efficiency of our core operations. Adjusted Net Earnings and Adjusted Earnings Per Share Adjusted Net Earnings and Adjusted Earnings Per Share ("Adjusted EPS") are also used by the Company to measure total company performance. Adjusted Net Earnings is defined asU.S. GAAP net earnings from continuing operations excluding the impact of Special Items. Adjusted EPS is defined as our Adjusted Net Earnings divided by the number of diluted shares outstanding. We believe that Adjusted Net Earnings and Adjusted EPS are useful measurements of Company performance, along with otherU.S. GAAP and non-U.S. GAAP financial measures, because they incorporate non-cash items of depreciation and amortization, including stock-based compensation, which impact the overall performance and Net Earnings of our business. Additionally, Adjusted Net Earnings and Adjusted EPS reflect the impact of our Adjusted Tax Rate and interest expense on a net and per share basis. While the nature and amount of individual Special Items vary from period to period, we believe our calculation of Adjusted Net Earnings and Adjusted EPS is applied consistently to all periods and, in conjunction with otherU.S. GAAP and non-U.S. GAAP financial measures, Adjusted Net Earnings and Adjusted EPS provide a useful and consistent comparison of our Company's performance to other periods. The following table shows a reconciliation ofU.S. GAAP Net Earnings and Diluted Earnings per Share from continuing operations to Non-U.S. GAAP Adjusted Net Earnings and Adjusted EPS from continuing operations. 46 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Three Months EndedJune 30 , Six Months EndedJune 30, 2020 2019 2020 2019 (In millions, except per share data) Net Earnings Diluted EPS
Net Earnings Diluted EPS Net Earnings Diluted EPS Net Earnings Diluted EPS
$ 25.5 $ 0.16 $ 214.8 $ 1.38 $ 89.8 $ 0.58 Special Items(2) 18.0 0.12 99.8 0.64 16.9 0.11 127.7 0.82 Non-U.S. GAAP adjusted net earnings and adjusted diluted EPS from continuing operations$ 118.3 $ 0.76 $ 125.3 $ 0.80 $ 231.7 $ 1.49 $ 217.5 $ 1.40 Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - Diluted 155.9 155.3 155.4 155.3 (1)Net earnings per common share are calculated under the two-class method. (2)Includes pre-tax Special Items, less Tax Special Items and the tax impact of Special Items as seen in the following calculation of non-U.S. GAAP Adjusted income tax rate. Adjusted Tax Rate We also present our adjusted income tax rate ("Adjusted Tax Rate"). The Adjusted Tax Rate is a measure of ourU.S. GAAP effective tax rate, adjusted to exclude the tax impact from the Special Items that are excluded from our Adjusted Net Earnings and Adjusted EPS metrics as well as expense or benefit from any special taxes or Tax Special Items. The Adjusted Tax Rate is an indicator of the taxes on our core business. The tax circumstances and effective tax rate in the specific countries where the Special Items occur will determine the impact (positive or negative) to the Adjusted Tax Rate. While the nature and amount of Tax Special Items vary from period to period, we believe our calculation of the Adjusted Tax Rate is applied consistently to all periods and, in conjunction with ourU.S. GAAP effective income tax rate, the Adjusted Tax Rate provides a useful and consistent comparison of the impact that tax expense has on our Company's performance. The following table shows our calculation of the non-U.S. GAAP Adjusted income tax rate: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended June 30, June 30, (In millions) 2020 2019 2020 2019U.S. GAAP Earnings before income tax provision from continuing operations$ 144.9 $ 37.8 $ 292.1 $ 132.5 Pre-tax impact of Special Items 18.3 117.7 28.4 153.7 Non-U.S. GAAP Adjusted Earnings before income tax provision from continuing operations$ 163.2 $
155.5
U.S. GAAP Income tax provision from continuing operations$ 44.6 $ 12.3 $ 77.3 $ 42.7 Tax Special Items (3.2) (10.9) 5.4 (11.7) Tax impact of Special Items 3.5 28.8 6.1 37.7 Non-U.S. GAAP Adjusted Income tax provision from continuing operations$ 44.9 $
30.2
U.S. GAAP Effective income tax rate 30.8 % 32.5 % 26.5 % 32.2 % Non-U.S. GAAP Adjusted income tax rate 27.5 % 19.4 % 27.7 % 24.0 % Organic andConstant Dollar Measures In our "Net Sales byGeographic Region ," "Net Sales by Segment" and in some of the discussions and tables that follow, we exclude the impact of foreign currency translation when presenting net sales information, which we define as "constant 47 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- dollar" and we exclude acquisitions in the first year after closing, divestiture activity and the impact of foreign currency translation when presenting net sales information, which we define as "organic." Changes in net sales excluding the impact of foreign currency translation and/or acquisition and divestiture activity are non-U.S. GAAP financial measures. As a worldwide business, it is important that we consider the effects of foreign currency translation when we view our results and plan our strategies. Nonetheless, we cannot control changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Consequently, when our management analyzes our financial results including performance metrics such as sales, cost of goods sold or selling, general and administrative expense, to measure the core performance of our business, we may exclude the impact of foreign currency translation by translating our current period results at prior period foreign currency exchange rates. We also may exclude the impact of foreign currency translation when making incentive compensation determinations. As a result, our management believes that these presentations are useful internally and may be useful to investors. Refer to these specific tables presented later in our Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for reconciliations of these non-U.S. GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparableU.S. GAAP measures. Free Cash Flow In addition to net cash provided by operating activities, we use free cash flow as a useful measure of performance and an indication of the strength and ability of our operations to generate cash. We define free cash flow as cash provided by operating activities less capital expenditures (which is classified as an investing activity). Free cash flow is not defined underU.S. GAAP. Therefore, free cash flow should not be considered a substitute for net income or cash flow data prepared in accordance withU.S. GAAP and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies. Free cash flow does not represent residual cash available for discretionary expenditures, including certain debt servicing requirements or non-discretionary expenditures that are not deducted from this measure. Refer to these specific tables presented later in our Management's Discussion and Analysis of Historical Cash Flow Analysis for reconciliations of these non-U.S. GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparableU.S. GAAP measures. 48 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Highlights of Financial Performance
Below are the highlights of our financial performance for the three and six
months ended
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended June 30, % June 30, % (In millions, except per share 2020 2020 amounts) 2019 Change 2019 Change Net sales$ 1,151.2 $ 1,161.0 (0.8) %$ 2,325.1 $ 2,273.7 2.3 % Gross profit$ 389.9 $ 378.3 3.1 %$ 780.4 $ 743.5 5.0 % As a % of net sales 33.9 % 32.6 % 33.6 % 32.7 % Operating profit$ 186.0 $ 78.4 #$ 372.8 $ 219.5 69.8 % As a % of net sales 16.2 % 6.8 % 16.0 % 9.7 % Net earnings from continuing operations$ 100.3 $ 25.5 #$ 214.8 $ 89.8 # (Loss) Gain on sale of discontinued operations, net of tax (0.2) 7.7 # 11.9 0.9 # Net earnings$ 100.1 $ 33.2 #$ 226.7 $ 90.7 # Basic: Continuing operations$ 0.64 $ 0.16 #$ 1.38 $ 0.58 # Discontinued operations - 0.06 # 0.08 0.01 # Net earnings per common share - basic$ 0.64 $ 0.22 #$ 1.46 $ 0.59 # Diluted: Continuing operations$ 0.64 $ 0.16 #$ 1.38 $ 0.58 # Discontinued operations - 0.05 # 0.08 - # Net earnings per common share - diluted$ 0.64 $ 0.21 #$ 1.46 $ 0.58 # Weighted average numbers of common shares outstanding: Basic 155.6 154.5 155.1 154.6 Diluted 155.9 155.3 155.4 155.3 Non-U.S. GAAP Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations(1)$ 259.9 $ 236.7 9.8 %$ 513.1 $ 452.5 13.4 % Non-U.S. GAAP Adjusted EPS from continuing operations(2)$ 0.76 $ 0.80 (5.0) %$ 1.49 $ 1.40 6.4 % # Denotes a variance greater or equal to 100% or equal to or less than (100)%. (1)See "Non-U.S. GAAP Information" for a reconciliation ofU.S. GAAP net earnings from continuing operations to non-U.S. GAAP Total Company Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations. (2)See "Non-U.S. GAAP Information" for a reconciliation ofU.S. GAAP net earnings and diluted earnings per share from continuing operations to our non-U.S. GAAP Adjusted Net Earnings and Adjusted EPS from continuing operations. Foreign Currency Translation Impact on Condensed Consolidated Financial Results Since we are aU.S. -domiciled company, we translate our foreign currency-denominated financial results intoU.S. dollars. Due to the changes in the value of foreign currencies relative to theU.S. dollar, translating our financial results from foreign currencies toU.S. dollars may result in a favorable or unfavorable impact. Historically, the most significant currencies that have impacted the translation of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Results are the euro, the Australian dollar, the Mexican peso, the British pound, the Canadian dollar, the Brazilian real and the Chinese Renminbi. The following table presents the approximate favorable or (unfavorable) impact that foreign currency translation had on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Results from continuing operations: 49 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (In millions) Three Months Ended June 30, 2020 Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 Net sales $ (41.9) $ (72.0) Cost of sales 30.0 52.0 Selling, general and administrative expenses 3.9 7.2 Net earnings (5.8) (10.3) Adjusted EBITDA (7.9) (14.5)Net Sales byGeographic Region The following table presents the components of the change in net sales by geographic region for the three and six months endedJune 30, 2020 compared with the same periods in 2019. We also present the change in net sales excluding the impact of foreign currency translation, a non-U.S. GAAP measure, which we define as "constant dollar", and the change in net sales excluding acquisitions and divestitures and the impact of foreign currency translation, a non-U.S. GAAP measure, which we define as "organic." We believe using constant dollar and organic measures aids in the comparability between periods as it eliminates the volatility of changes in foreign currency exchange rates and large fluctuations due to acquisitions or divestitures. Three Months Ended June 30, (In millions)North America EMEA APACSouth America Total 2019 Net Sales$ 688.6 59.3 %$ 246.6 21.2 %$ 169.6 14.6 %$ 56.2 4.8 %$ 1,161.0 Price (1.5) (0.2) % (0.7) (0.3) % (0.6) (0.4) % 10.6 18.8 % 7.8 0.6 % Volume(1) (42.7) (6.2) % (11.9) (4.8) % 5.9 3.5 % (0.4) (0.7) % (49.1) (4.2) % Total organic change (non-U.S. GAAP) (44.2) (6.4) % (12.6) (5.1) % 5.3 3.1 % 10.2 18.1 % (41.3) (3.6) % Acquisitions 58.2 8.4 % 13.4 5.4 % 1.6 1.0 % 0.2 0.4 % 73.4 6.4 % Total constant dollar change (non-U.S. GAAP) 14.0 2.0 % 0.8 0.3 % 6.9 4.1 % 10.4 18.5 % 32.1 2.8 % Foreign currency translation (9.3) (1.3) % (8.1) (3.3) % (5.8) (3.5) % (18.7) (33.3) % (41.9) (3.6) % Total change (U.S. GAAP) 4.7 0.7 % (7.3) (3.0) % 1.1 0.6 % (8.3) (14.8) % (9.8) (0.8) % 2020 Net Sales$ 693.3 60.2 %$ 239.3 20.8 %$ 170.7 14.8 %$ 47.9 4.2 %$ 1,151.2 50
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Six Months Ended June 30, (In millions)North America EMEA APACSouth America Total 2019 Net Sales$ 1,340.8 59.0 %$ 482.4 21.2 %$ 339.5 14.9 %$ 111.0 4.9 %$ 2,273.7 Price (14.7) (1.1) % (1.3) (0.3) % (1.1) (0.3) % 19.6 17.7 % 2.5 0.1 % Volume(1) (23.3) (1.7) % (9.4) (1.9) % 1.8 0.5 % 3.5 3.1 % (27.4) (1.2) % Total organic change (non-U.S. GAAP) (38.0) (2.8) % (10.7) (2.2) % 0.7 0.2 % 23.1 20.8 % (24.9) (1.1) % Acquisitions 114.5 8.5 % 28.4 5.9 % 5.1 1.5 % 0.3 0.3 % 148.3 6.5 % Total constant dollar change (non-U.S. GAAP) 76.5 5.7 % 17.7 3.7 % 5.8 1.7 % 23.4 21.1 % 123.4 5.4 % Foreign currency translation (11.0) (0.8) % (14.7) (3.1) % (13.1) (3.9) % (33.2) (29.9) % (72.0) (3.1) % Total change (U.S. GAAP) 65.5 4.9 % 3.0 0.6 % (7.3) (2.2) % (9.8) (8.8) % 51.4 2.3 % 2020 Net Sales$ 1,406.3 60.5 %$ 485.4 20.9 %$ 332.2 14.3 %$ 101.2 4.4 %$ 2,325.1
(1)Our volume reported above includes the net impact of changes in unit volume as well as the period-to-period change in the mix of products sold.
51 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------Net Sales by Segment The following table presents the components of change in net sales by reportable segment for the three and six months endedJune 30, 2020 compared with the same periods in 2019. We also present the change in net sales excluding the impact of foreign currency translation, a non-U.S. GAAP measure, which we define as "constant dollar", and the change in net sales excluding the impact of foreign currency translation and acquisitions and divestitures, a non-U.S. GAAP measure, which we define as "organic." We believe using constant dollar and organic measures aids in the comparability between periods as it eliminates the volatility of changes in foreign currency exchange rates and large fluctuations due to acquisitions or divestitures. Three Months Ended June 30, (In millions) Food ProtectiveTotal Company 2019 Net Sales$ 711.0 61.2 %$ 450.0 38.8 %$ 1,161.0 Price 10.4 1.5 % (2.6) (0.6) % 7.8 0.6 % Volume(1) (13.2) (1.9) % (35.9) (8.0) % (49.1) (4.2) % Total organic change (non-U.S. GAAP) (2.8) (0.4) % (38.5) (8.6) % (41.3) (3.6) % Acquisitions 0.9 0.1 % 72.5 16.2 % 73.4 6.4 % Total constant dollar change (non-U.S.GAAP) (1.9) (0.3) % 34.0 7.6 % 32.1 2.8 % Foreign currency translation (35.9) (5.0) % (6.0) (1.4) % (41.9) (3.6) % Total change (U.S. GAAP) (37.8) (5.3) % 28.0 6.2 % (9.8) (0.8) % 2020 Net Sales$ 673.2 58.5 %$ 478.0 41.5 %$ 1,151.2 Six Months Ended June 30, (In millions) Food ProtectiveTotal Company 2019 Net Sales$ 1,391.0 61.2 %$ 882.7 38.8 %$ 2,273.7 Price 8.7 0.6 % (6.2) (0.7) % 2.5 0.1 % Volume(1) 18.2 1.3 % (45.6) (5.2) % (27.4) (1.2) % Total organic change (non-U.S. GAAP) 26.9 1.9 % (51.8) (5.9) % (24.9) (1.1) % Acquisitions 6.5 0.5 % 141.8 16.1 % 148.3 6.5 % Total constant dollar change (non-U.S.GAAP) 33.4 2.4 % 90.0 10.2 % 123.4 5.4 % Foreign currency translation (60.9) (4.4) % (11.1) (1.3) % (72.0) (3.1) % Total change (U.S. GAAP) (27.5) (2.0) % 78.9 8.9 % 51.4 2.3 % 2020 Net Sales$ 1,363.5 58.6 %$ 961.6 41.4 %$ 2,325.1 (1)Our volume reported above includes the net impact of changes in unit volume as well as the period-to-period change in the mix of products sold. The following net sales discussion is on a reported and constant dollar basis. Food Three Months EndedJune 30, 2020 Compared with the Same Period in 2019 As reported, net sales decreased$38 million , or 5% in 2020 compared with 2019. Foreign currency had a negative impact of$36 million . On a constant dollar basis, net sales decreased$2 million , or 0.3% in 2020 compared with 2019 primarily due to the following: •lower volume of$13 million , primarily due to a decline in the global food service industry and certain meat processing plant closures inNorth America during the quarter as a result of COVID-19. 52 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- These were partially offset by: •favorable price of$10 million , primarily inSouth America driven by US dollar-based indexed pricing; and •sales from acquisitions within the first twelve months of ownership contributing$1 million . Six Months EndedJune 30, 2020 Compared with the Same Period of 2019 As reported, net sales decreased$28 million , or 2%, in 2020 compared to 2019. Foreign currency had a negative impact of$61 million . On a constant dollar basis, net sales increased$33 million , or 2%, in 2020 compared with 2019 primarily due to the following: •higher volume of$18 million , driven in the first quarter by increased demand for protein packaging at the retail level due to COVID-19. Volume increased inNorth America , EMEA andSouth America , and was partially offset in APAC; •favorable price of$9 million , primarily inSouth America on US dollar-based indexed pricing, partially offset by formula-based pricing inNorth America ; and •contributions from acquisitions made in the second quarter of 2019 of approximately$6 million . Protective Three Months EndedJune 30, 2020 Compared with the Same Period in 2019 As reported, net sales increased$28 million , or 6%, in 2020 as compared to 2019. Foreign currency had a negative impact of$6 million . On a constant dollar basis, net sales increased$34 million , or 8%, in 2020 compared with 2019 primarily due to the following: •the contribution of$73 million of sales from the Automated acquisition. These were partially offset by: •lower organic volume of$36 million , primarily inNorth America and EMEA. Decreased volumes were due to deteriorating global industrial manufacturing, partially offset by the increase in e-commerce demand for consumer staples and medical supplies, both of which were driven by the impact of COVID-19; and •unfavorable pricing of$3 million , primarily inNorth America . Six Months EndedJune 30, 2020 Compared with the Same Period of 2019 As reported, net sales increased$79 million , or 9%, in 2020 as compared to 2019. Foreign currency had a negative impact of$11 million . On a constant dollar basis, net sales increased$90 million , or 10%, in 2020 compared with 2019 primarily due to the following: •the contribution of$142 million of sales from the Automated acquisition. These were partially offset by: •lower organic volume of$46 million , primarily inNorth America and EMEA. Decreased volumes were due to deteriorating global industrial manufacturing, partially offset by the increase in e-commerce demand for consumer staples and medical supplies, both of which were driven by the impact of COVID-19; and •unfavorable price of$6 million , primarily inNorth America . Cost of Sales Cost of sales for the three and six months endedJune 30, 2020 and 2019 were as follows: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended June 30, % June 30, % (In millions) 2020 2019 Change 2020 2019 Change Net sales$ 1,151.2 $ 1,161.0 (0.8) %$ 2,325.1 $ 2,273.7 2.3 % Cost of sales 761.3 782.7 (2.7) % 1,544.7 1,530.2 0.9 %
As a % of net sales 66.1 % 67.4 % 66.4 % 67.3 % 53
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Three Months EndedJune 30, 2020 Compared with the Same Period in 2019 As reported, cost of sales decreased by$21 million , or 2.7%, in 2020 compared to 2019. Cost of sales was impacted by favorable foreign currency translation of$30 million . As a percentage of net sales, cost of sales decreased by 130 basis points, from 67.4% for the three months endedJune 30, 2019 to 66.1% for the three months endedJune 30, 2020 , primarily due to productivity improvements resulting from our Reinvent SEE initiatives and lower input costs during the quarter. Improvements were partially offset by inflationary cost increases including non-material and labor and additional expenses related to COVID-19 (including personal protective gear, cleaning and other health and hygiene supplies and expenses), higher employment costs and incremental freight due to sourcing changes along with other higher manufacturing related costs. Six Months EndedJune 30, 2020 Compared with the Same Period of 2019 As reported, cost of sales increased by$15 million , or 0.9%, in 2020 as compared to 2019. Cost of sales was impacted by favorable foreign currency translation of$52 million . As a percentage of net sales, cost of sales decreased by 90 basis points, from 67.3% for the six months endedJune 30, 2019 to 66.4% for the six months endedJune 30, 2020 , primarily due to productivity improvements resulting from our Reinvent SEE initiatives and lower input costs during the year. Improvements were partially offset by inflationary cost increases including non-material and labor and additional expenses related to COVID-19. Selling, General and Administrative Expenses Selling, general and administrative expenses ("SG&A") for the three and six months endedJune 30, 2020 and 2019 are included in the table below. Three Months Ended Six Months Ended June 30, % June 30, % (In millions) 2020 2019 Change 2020 2019 Change Selling, general and administrative expenses$ 184.5 $ 266.2 (30.7) %$ 378.6 $ 478.3 (20.8) % As a % of net sales 16.0 % 22.9 % 16.3 % 21.0 % Three Months EndedJune 30, 2020 Compared with the Same Period in 2019 As reported, SG&A expenses decreased by$82 million , or 31%, in 2020 compared to 2019. SG&A expenses were impacted by favorable foreign currency translation of$4 million . On a constant dollar basis, SG&A expenses decreased$78 million , or 29%. The decrease is primarily driven by the charge associated with the Novipax settlement incurred in 2019 as well as lower restructuring associated costs and lower professional service fees, including legal fees, associated with Special Items. Six Months EndedJune 30, 2020 Compared with the Same Period of 2019 As reported, SG&A expenses decreased by$100 million , or 21%, in 2020 as compared to 2019. SG&A expenses were impacted by favorable foreign currency translation of$7 million . On a constant dollar basis, SG&A expenses decreased$93 million , or 19%. The decrease is primarily driven by the charge associated with the Novipax settlement incurred in 2019 as well as lower restructuring associated costs and lower professional service fees, including legal fees, associated with Special Items. SG&A has also benefited from reductions driven by our Reinvent SEE transformation, including restructuring associated savings. Amortization Expense of Intangible Assets Acquired Amortization expense of intangible assets acquired for the three and six months endedJune 30, 2020 and 2019 were as follows: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended June 30, % June 30, % (In millions) 2020 2019 Change 2020 2019 Change Amortization expense of intangible assets acquired$ 9.3 $ 4.4 111.4 %$ 18.3 $ 9.0 103.3 % As a % of net sales 0.8 % 0.4 % 0.8 % 0.4 % 54
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The increase in amortization expense of intangibles for the three and six months
ended
See Note 13, "Restructuring Activities" for additional details regarding the Company's restructuring programs discussed below. InDecember 2018 the Sealed Air Board of Directors approved a three-year restructuring program as part of the Reinvent Strategy.Sealed Air has combined the program associated with Reinvent SEE with its previously existing restructuring program (as combined, "the Program") that was largely related to the elimination of stranded costs following the sale of Diversey. For the six months endedJune 30, 2020 , the Program generated incremental cost savings of$59 million related to reductions in operating costs, including$21 million from restructuring actions. In addition, savings realized related to actions impacting price cost spread were$9 million . We expect the Program to generate incremental cost savings of approximately$330 million by the end of 2021. We expect full year Program spend for 2020 and 2021 to be in the range of$80 to$110 million . We also recorded$4 million and$8 million in restructuring associated costs for the three and six months endedJune 30, 2020 , respectively. Restructuring associated costs primarily relate to fees paid to third-party consultants in support of Reinvent SEE. The actual timing of future costs and cash payments related to the Program described above are subject to change due to a variety of factors that may cause a portion of the costs, spending and benefits to occur later than expected. In addition, changes in foreign exchange rates may impact future costs, spending, benefits and cost synergies. Interest Expense, net Interest expense, net includes the stated interest rate on our outstanding debt, as well as the net impact of capitalized interest, interest income, the effects of interest rate swaps and the amortization of capitalized senior debt issuance costs and credit facility fees, bond discounts, and terminated treasury locks. Interest expense, net for the three and six months endedJune 30, 2020 and 2019 was as follows: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended June 30, June 30, (In millions) 2020 2019 Change 2020 2019 Change Interest expense on our various debt instruments: Term Loan A due August 2022(1)$ 2.0 $ -
1.2 2.1 (0.9) 3.1 4.3 (1.2) Revolving credit facility due July 2023 0.3 0.3 - 0.7 0.7 - 6.50% Senior Notes due December 2020(2) - 7.1 (7.1) - 14.1 (14.1) 4.875% Senior Notes due December 2022 5.4 5.4 - 10.8 10.8 - 5.25% Senior Notes due April 2023 5.8 5.8 - 11.6 11.6 - 4.50% Senior Notes due September 2023 5.1 5.2 (0.1) 10.2 10.4 (0.2) 5.125% Senior Notes due December 2024 5.6 5.6 - 11.2 11.2 - 5.50% Senior Notes due September 2025 5.6 5.6 - 11.2 11.2 - 4.00% Senior Notes due December 2027(2) 4.3 - 4.3 8.7 - 8.7 6.875% Senior Notes due July 2033 7.7 7.7 - 15.5 15.5 - Other interest expense 3.7 4.6 (0.9) 7.8 9.0 (1.2) Less: capitalized interest (1.3) (2.1) 0.8 (3.2) (3.9) 0.7 Less: interest income (2.1) (4.1) 2.0 (5.5) (6.8) 1.3 Total$ 43.3 $ 43.2 $ 0.1 $ 87.7 $ 88.1 $ (0.4) 55
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1)OnAugust 1, 2019 ,Sealed Air Corporation , on behalf of itself and certain of its subsidiaries, andSealed Air Corporation (US) entered into an amendment to its existing senior secured credit facility withBank of America, N.A ., as agent, and the other financial institutions party thereto. The amendment provided for a new incremental term facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to$475 million , to be used, in part, to finance our acquisition of Automated Packaging Systems. See Note 14, "Debt and Credit Facilities" for further details. (2)InNovember 2019 , the Company issued$425 million of 4.00% Senior Notes due 2027 and used the proceeds to retire the existing$425 million of 6.50% Senior Notes due 2020. See Note 14, "Debt and Credit Facilities" for further details. Other Income, net Net foreign exchange transaction gain For the six months endedJune 30, 2020 , we recorded$7 million in net foreign exchange transaction gain within Other Income, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. This income was primarily recognized in March as a result of volatile foreign currencies, particularly in emerging markets relative to the US Dollar due to macroeconomic conditions resulting from COVID-19. For the three months endedJune 30, 2020 , we recorded less than$1 million in net foreign exchange transaction gain, within Other Income, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. While we use financial instruments to hedge certain foreign currency exposures, this does not insulate us completely from foreign currency effects and exposes us to counterparty credit risk for non-performance. See Note 22, "Other Income, net," for the remaining components of other income, net. Income Taxes Our effective income tax rate for the three and six months endedJune 30, 2020 was 31% and 27% respectively. The Company expects its annual effective tax rate related to continuing operations for 2020 to be approximately 27% based on its projected mix of earnings, although the actual effective tax rate could vary from the anticipated rate as a result of many factors, including but not limited to the following: •The actual mix of earnings by jurisdiction, which could fluctuate from the Company's projection; •The tax effects of other discrete items, including accruals related to tax contingencies, the resolution of worldwide tax matters, tax audit settlements, statute of limitations expirations and changes in tax regulations, which are reflected in the period in which they occur; and •Any future legislative changes, and any related additional tax optimization to address these changes. Due to the uncertainty in predicting these items, it is possible that the actual effective tax rate used for financial reporting purposes will change in future periods. For the six months endedJune 30, 2020 , the rate is positively impacted by adjustments associated with the effective settlement of specific uncertain tax positions with theIRS . Our effective income tax rate for the three and six months endedJune 30, 2019 was 33% and 32%, respectively. In comparison to theU.S. statutory rate of 21%, the Company's effective tax rate was negatively impacted by the mix of earnings, the effect of GILTI and other foreign inclusions in theU.S. tax base and state taxes. Our effective income tax rate depends upon the realization of our net deferred tax assets. We have deferred tax assets related to accruals not yet deductible for tax purposes, state and foreign net operating loss carryforwards and investment tax allowances, employee benefit items, and other items. The Internal Revenue Service is currently auditing the 2011-2014 consolidatedU.S. federal income tax returns of the Company. Included in the audit of the 2014 return is the examination by theIRS with respect to the Settlement agreement deduction and the related carryback to tax years 2004-2012. The outcome of the examination may require us to make a significant payment. We have established valuation allowances to reduce our deferred tax assets to an amount that is more likely than not to be realized. Our ability to utilize our deferred tax assets depends in part upon our ability to carry back any losses created by the deduction of these temporary differences, the future income from existing temporary differences, and the ability to generate future taxable income within the respective jurisdictions during the periods in which these temporary differences reverse. If we are unable to generate sufficient future taxable income in theU.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions, or if there is a significant change in the time period within which the underlying temporary differences become taxable or deductible, we could be 56 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- required to increase our valuation allowances against our deferred tax assets. Conversely, if we have sufficient future taxable income in jurisdictions where we have valuation allowances, we may be able to reverse those valuation allowances. There was a negligible change in our valuation allowances for the three and six months endedJune 30, 2020 . For the six months endingJune 30, 2019 , there was an$8 million decrease in the valuation allowance inBrazil related to improved profitability from our Reinvent SEE initiatives. We reported a net$4 million increase in unrecognized tax benefits during the three months endedJune 30, 2020 primarily related to interest accruals on existing positions. During the six months endedJune 30, 2020 , we recorded a$6 million decrease in unrecognized tax benefits primarily related to settlements with tax authorities. We reported a net increase of$8 million and$10 million , respectively during the three and six months endedJune 30, 2019 , primarily related to an audit assessment in theU.S and interest accruals on existing positions. Interest and penalties on tax assessments are included in income tax expense. Net Earnings from Continuing Operations Net earnings for the three and six months endedJune 30, 2020 and 2019 are included in the table below. Three Months Ended Six Months Ended June 30, % June 30, % (In millions) 2020 2019 Change 2020 2019 Change Net earnings from continuing operations$ 100.3 $ 25.5 293.3 %$ 214.8 $ 89.8 139.2 % Three Months EndedJune 30, 2020 Compared with the Same Period in 2019 For the three months endedJune 30, 2020 , net earnings was unfavorably impacted by$18 million of Special Items. Special Items were primarily the result of restructuring and other restructuring associated costs of$14 million ($11 million net of taxes). For the three months endedJune 30, 2019 , net earnings was unfavorably impacted by$100 million of Special Items, net of tax. Special Items were primarily the result of a$59 million ($44 million net of taxes) charge related to the Novipax settlement as well as$51 million ($36 million net of taxes) in restructuring and restructuring associated costs primarily with our Reinvent SEE program. Six Months EndedJune 30, 2020 Compared with the Same Period of 2019 For the six months endedJune 30, 2020 , net earnings was unfavorably impacted by$17 million of Special Items, primarily related to restructuring and other restructuring associated costs of$19 million ($14 million net of taxes) and charges related to acquisition and divestiture activities of$4 million ($3 million net of taxes). For the six months endedJune 30, 2019 , net earnings was unfavorably impacted by$128 million of Special Items after tax, which were primarily the result of a$59 million ($44 million net of taxes) charge related to the Novipax settlement as well as$74 million ($55 million net of taxes) in restructuring and restructuring associated costs primarily with our Reinvent SEE program. Adjusted EBITDA by Segment The Company evaluates performance of the reportable segments based on the results of each segment. The performance metric used by the Company's chief operating decision maker to evaluate the performance of our reportable segments is Adjusted EBITDA. We allocate and disclose depreciation and amortization expense to our segments, although depreciation and amortization are not included in the segment performance metric Adjusted EBITDA. We also allocate and disclose restructuring and other charges and impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets by segment, although they are not included in the segment performance metric Adjusted EBITDA since restructuring and other charges and impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets are categorized as Special Items. The accounting policies of the reportable segments and Corporate are the same as those applied to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. See "Non-U.S. GAAP Information" for a reconciliation ofU.S. GAAP net earnings from continuing operations to non-U.S. GAAP Total Company Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations. 57 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Three Months Ended Six Months Ended June 30, % June 30, % (In millions) 2020 2019 Change 2020 2019 Change Food$ 169.1 $ 155.6 8.7 %$ 325.4 $ 298.5 9.0 % Adjusted EBITDA Margin 25.1 % 21.9 % 23.9 % 21.5 % Protective 91.5 84.0 8.9 % 184.3 159.0 15.9 % Adjusted EBITDA Margin 19.1 % 18.7 % 19.2 % 18.0 % Corporate (0.7) (2.9) (75.9) % 3.4 (5.0) (168.0) %Non-U.S. GAAP Total Company Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations$ 259.9 $ 236.7 9.8 %$ 513.1 $ 452.5 13.4 % Adjusted EBITDA Margin 22.6 % 20.4 % 22.1 % 19.9 % The following is a discussion of the factors that contributed to the change in Adjusted EBITDA by segment during the three and six months endedJune 30, 2020 , as compared to the same periods in the prior year. Food
Three Months Ended
On a reported basis, Adjusted EBITDA increased$14 million in 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019. Adjusted EBITDA was impacted by unfavorable foreign currency translation of approximately$8 million . On a constant dollar basis, Adjusted EBITDA increased approximately$22 million , or 14%, in 2020 compared with the same period in 2019 primarily due to the impact of: •Reinvent SEE benefits of$27 million driven by actions reducing operating costs by$24 million , including restructuring savings of$5 million , and improvements to price/cost spread of$3 million ; and •favorable price/cost spread of$13 million . These increases were partially offset by: •lower volume of$10 million due to certain meat processing plant closures in the second quarter as well as the slowdown in the food service industry; •inflationary impact resulting in higher labor costs and non-material manufacturing costs and higher costs related to COVID-19, partially offset by tighter spend control, including lower travel costs resulting in a net unfavorable impact of approximately$5 million ; and •higher incentive compensation of approximately$3 million . Six Months EndedJune 30, 2020 Compared with the Same Period of 2019 On a reported basis, Adjusted EBITDA increased$27 million in 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019. Adjusted EBITDA was impacted by unfavorable foreign currency translation of$13 million . On a constant dollar basis, Adjusted EBITDA increased$40 million , or 14%, in 2020 compared with the same period in 2019 primarily due to the impact of: •Reinvent SEE benefits of$47 million driven by actions reducing operating costs by$40 million , including restructuring savings of$13 million , and improvements to price/cost spread of$7 million ; •favorable price/cost spread of$14 million ; and •business growth including$2 million from higher volumes. These increases were partially offset by: •inflationary impact resulting in higher labor costs and non-material manufacturing costs and higher costs related to COVID-19, partially offset by tighter spend control, including lower travel costs, resulting in a net unfavorable impact of approximately$20 million ; and •higher incentive compensation of approximately$3 million . 58 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Protective
Three Months EndedJune 30, 2020 Compared with the Same Period in 2019 On a reported basis, Adjusted EBITDA increased$8 million in 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. Adjusted EBITDA was impacted by unfavorable foreign currency translation of$1 million . On a constant dollar basis, Adjusted EBITDA increased$9 million , or 10%, in 2020 compared with the same period in 2019 primarily as a result of: •Contributions from Automated of$14 million ; •Reinvent SEE benefits of$11 million driven by actions reducing operating costs by$10 million , including restructuring savings of$2 million , and improvements to price/cost spread of$1 million ; and •favorable price/cost spread of$1 million . These increases were partially offset by: •organic volume decline resulting from the deteriorating industrial market of approximately$18 million . Six Months EndedJune 30, 2020 Compared with the Same Period of 2019 On a reported basis, Adjusted EBITDA increased$25 million in 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019. Adjusted EBITDA was impacted by unfavorable foreign currency translation of$2 million . On a constant dollar basis, Adjusted EBITDA increased$27 million , or 17%, in 2020 compared with the same period in 2019 primarily as a result of: •Contributions from Automated of$27 million ; •Reinvent SEE benefits of$21 million driven by actions reducing operating costs by$19 million , including restructuring savings of$8 million and improvements to price/cost spread of$2 million ; and •favorable price/cost spread of$3 million . These increases were partially offset by: •organic volume decline resulting from the deteriorating industrial market of approximately$20 million ; •inflationary impact resulting in higher labor costs and non-material manufacturing costs and higher costs related to COVID-19, partially offset by tighter spend control, including lower travel costs resulting in a net unfavorable impact of approximately$4 million . Corporate Three Months EndedJune 30, 2020 Compared with the Same Period in 2019 The$2 million decrease in Corporate expenses during the three months endedJune 30, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 was primarily driven by modest foreign currency transaction gains recorded to the statement of operations in 2020 compared to foreign currency transaction losses in 2019. Six Months EndedJune 30, 2020 Compared with the Same Period of 2019 The decrease in Corporate expenses by$8 million in the six months endedJune 30, 2020 was primarily driven by foreign currency transaction gains recorded to the statement of operations in 2020 compared to foreign currency transaction losses in 2019. Liquidity and Capital Resources Principal Sources of Liquidity Our primary sources of cash are the collection of trade receivables generated from the sales of our products and services to our customers and amounts available under our existing lines of credit, under the Third Amended and Restated Syndicated Facility Agreement (as amended, the "Credit Facility"), and our accounts receivable securitization programs. Our primary uses of cash are payments for operating expenses, investments in working capital, capital expenditures, interest, taxes, stock repurchases, dividends, debt obligations, restructuring expenses and other long-term liabilities. 59 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COVID-19 has had a significant impact on global economic conditions, including volatile global equity markets and the availability of credit and liquidity. We currently believe that our current liquidity position and future cash flows from operations will enable us to fund our operations, including all of the items mentioned above, over the next twelve months. As ofJune 30, 2020 , we had cash and cash equivalents of$290 million , of which approximately$251 million , or 87%, was located outside of theU.S. As ofJune 30, 2020 , cash trapped outside of theU.S. was not material. OurU.S. cash balances and committed liquidity facilities available toU.S. borrowers are sufficient to fund ourU.S. operating requirements, capital expenditures, current debt obligations and dividends. In the near term, we do not expect cash located outside of theU.S. will be needed to satisfy our obligations, dividends and other demands for cash in theU.S. Cash and Cash Equivalents
The following table summarizes our accumulated cash and cash equivalents:
(In millions) June 30, 2020 December 31, 2019 Cash and cash equivalents$ 289.7 $ 262.4 See "Analysis of Historical Cash Flow" below. Accounts Receivable Securitization Programs AtJune 30, 2020 we had$125 million available to us under ourU.S. and European accounts receivable securitization programs, of which we had$50 million borrowed under the European program. AtDecember 31, 2019 , we had$127 million available to us under ourU.S. and Europeans programs of which we had no borrowings under the European orU.S. programs. See Note 10, "Accounts Receivable Securitization Programs" for information concerning these programs. Our trade receivable securitization program represents a borrowing against outstanding customer receivables. Therefore, the use or repayment of borrowings under this program is classified as a financing activity within our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. We do not recognize the cash flow within operating activities until the outstanding invoice has been paid by our customer. The net trade receivables that served as collateral for these borrowings are reclassified from trade receivables, net to prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 10, "Accounts Receivables Securitization Programs" for further details. Accounts Receivable Factoring Programs We account for our participation in our customers' supply chain arrangements or our trade receivable factoring program in accordance with ASC 860 which allows the ownership transfer of accounts receivable to qualify for sale treatment when the appropriate criteria is met. As such, the Company excludes the balances sold under the programs from accounts receivable, net on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The sale of outstanding receivables through these programs increases our cash flow from operating activities at the point they are factored. See Note 11, "Accounts Receivable Factoring Programs," of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further details. Gross amounts received under these programs for the six months endedJune 30, 2020 were$222 million , of which$108 million was received in the second quarter. If these programs had not been in effect for the six months endedJune 30, 2020 , we would have been required to collect the invoice amounts directly from the relevant customers in accordance with the agreed payment terms. Approximately$47 million in incremental accounts receivable would have been outstanding atJune 30, 2020 if collection on such invoice amounts were made directly from our customers on the invoice due date and not through our customers' supply chain arrangements or our factoring program. Lines of Credit AtJune 30, 2020 andDecember 31, 2019 , we had a$1.0 billion revolving credit facility and$23 million and$89 million of outstanding borrowings under the facility, respectively. There was$9 million and$10 million outstanding under various lines of credit extended to our subsidiaries atJune 30, 2020 andDecember 31, 2019 , respectively. See Note 14, "Debt and Credit Facilities" for further details. 60 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LIBOR Phase Out InJuly 2017 , theUnited Kingdom's Financial Conduct Authority , which regulates LIBOR, announced that it intends to phase out LIBOR by the end of 2021. An alternative to LIBOR has been contemplated in many of our LIBOR-linked instruments and other financial obligations, including our Credit Facility. We do not expect the phase-out of LIBOR to have a material disruption or impact on our financing or liquidity. Covenants AtJune 30, 2020 , we were in compliance with our financial covenants and limitations, as discussed in "Covenants" of Note 14, "Debt and Credit Facilities". As a result of our acquisition of Automated, the maximum covenant leverage ratio of debt to EBITDA under our Credit Facility has temporarily increased to 5.00 to 1.00 throughSeptember 30, 2020 . The maximum covenant leverage ratio will return to 4.50 to 1.00 afterSeptember 30, 2020 . AtJune 30, 2020 , our leverage ratio of debt to EBITDA, as calculated under the covenant, is 2.92 to 1.00. We expect to be in continued compliance with our debt covenants including the covenant leverage ratio over the next 12 months. Supply Chain Financing Programs As part of our ongoing efforts to manage our working capital and improve our cash flow, we work with suppliers to optimize our purchasing terms and conditions, including extending payment terms. We also facilitate a voluntary supply chain financing program to provide some of our suppliers with the opportunity to sell receivables due from us (our trade payables) to participating financial institutions at the sole discretion of both the suppliers and the financial institutions. These programs are administered by participating financial institutions. Should the supplier choose to participate in the program, it will receive payment from the financial institution in advance of agreed payment terms; our responsibility is limited to making payments to the respective financial institutions on the terms originally negotiated with our supplier. The range of payment terms is consistent regardless of a vendor's participation in the program. We monitor our days payable outstanding relative to our peers and industry trends in order to assess our conclusion that these programs continue to be trade payable programs and not indicative of borrowing arrangements. The liabilities continue to be presented as trade payables in our consolidated balance sheets until they are paid, and they are reflected as cash flows from operating activities when settled. These programs did not significantly improve our cash provided by operating activities or free cash flow for the six months endedJune 30, 2020 as compared to prior periods. Debt Ratings Our cost of capital and ability to obtain external financing may be affected by our debt ratings, which the credit rating agencies review periodically. Below is a table that sets forth our credit ratings by the various types of debt. Moody's Investor Standard Services & Poor's Corporate Rating Ba2 BB+ Senior Unsecured Rating Ba3 BB+ Senior Secured Credit Facility Rating Baa3 BBB- Outlook Stable Stable These credit ratings are considered to be below investment grade (with the exception of the Baa3 and BBB- Senior Secured Credit Facility Rating fromMoody's Investor Services andStandard & Poor's , respectively, which are classified as investment grade). If our credit ratings are downgraded, there could be a negative impact on our ability to access capital markets and borrowing costs could increase. A credit rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities and may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the rating organization. Each rating should be evaluated independently of any other rating. Outstanding Indebtedness
At
61 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (In millions) June 30, 2020 December 31, 2019 Short-term borrowings$ 81.7 $
98.9
Current portion of long-term debt 21.8
16.7
Total current debt 103.5
115.6
Total long-term debt, less current portion(1) 3,692.7
3,698.6
Total debt 3,796.2
3,814.2
Less: Cash and cash equivalents (289.7) (262.4) Net Debt$ 3,506.5 $ 3,551.8 (1)Amounts shown are net of unamortized discounts and debt issuance costs of$23 million asJune 30, 2020 and$25 million as ofDecember 31, 2019 . See Note 14, "Debt and Credit Facilities" for further details. Analysis of Historical Cash Flow
The following table shows the changes in our Condensed Consolidated Statements
of Cash Flows during the six months ended
Six Months Ended June 30, (In millions) 2020 2019 Change Net cash provided by operating activities$ 213.0 $ 169.3 $ 43.7 Net cash used in investing activities (67.2) (124.4) 57.2 Net cash used in financing activities (88.2) (98.2) 10.0
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
(30.3) 3.8 (34.1) In addition to net cash provided by operating activities, we use free cash flow as a useful measure of performance and an indication of the strength and ability of our operations to generate cash. We define free cash flow as cash provided by operating activities less capital expenditures (which is classified as an investing activity). Free cash flow is not defined underU.S. GAAP. Therefore, free cash flow should not be considered a substitute for net income or cash flow data prepared in accordance withU.S. GAAP and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies. Free cash flow does not represent residual cash available for discretionary expenditures, including certain debt servicing requirements or non-discretionary expenditures that are not deducted from this measure. We historically have generated the majority of our annual free cash flow in the second half of the year. Below are the details of free cash flow for the six months endedJune 30, 2020 and 2019: Six Months Ended June 30, (In millions) 2020 2019
Change
Cash flow provided by operating activities$ 213.0 $ 169.3 $ 43.7 Capital expenditures (83.6) (94.5) 10.9 Free cash flow$ 129.4 $ 74.8 $ 54.6 Operating Activities Six Months EndedJune 30, 2020 Compared with the Same Period in 2019 Net cash provided by operating activities was$213 million in the six months endedJune 30, 2020 , compared to$169 million in 2019. The increase in cash provided by operating activities was primarily driven by higher earnings and adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities ("non-cash adjustments") recorded in 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. Net earnings plus non-cash adjustments was a source of cash of$349 million in 2020 compared to$180 million in the six months endedJune 30, 2019 . Depreciation and amortization, including share-based incentive compensation, and profit sharing expense was$119 million in the current year compared to$90 million in the prior year due to higher depreciation and amortization from our Automated acquisition and higher incentive compensation on performance-based metrics. In addition to higher net earnings and non-cash adjustments, customer advanced payments on equipment purchases provided$12 million in cash flow during the six months endedJune 30, 2020 . Payroll taxes deferred under the CARES Act 62 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- were approximately$8 million for the six months endedJune 30, 2020 . Additionally, activity in our customer volume rebate accruals relative to prior year activity provided$6 million to cash flow from operations. Year over year favorability was partially offset by the$59 million Novipax settlement reserve which had been accrued but not yet paid as ofJune 30, 2019 and a$49 million increase in cash used by working capital accounts (inventories, trade receivables and accounts payable), as compared to six months endedJune 30, 2019 . The largest increase in working capital was inventory driven by a purposeful build in the second quarter 2020 for contingency planning against the risk of raw material shortages or supply disruptions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, prior year activity in our restructuring accrual and uncertain tax position liability as ofJune 30, 2019 , compared to movement during the current year, had a negative impact on year over year cash flow from operations of$24 million and$19 million , respectively. Investing Activities Six Months EndedJune 30, 2020 Compared with the Same Period in 2019 Net cash used in investing activities was$67 million in the six months endedJune 30, 2020 compared to$124 million used in the six months endedJune 30, 2019 . The change was primarily due to a$27 million decrease in cash outflow for business acquisitions representing the payment of$23 million in the second quarter 2019 for two Food acquisitions, offset by$4 million received in the first quarter 2020 as a purchase price adjustment on our acquisition of Automated. Additionally, receipts associated with sale of property and equipment and associated with the sale of Diversey increased by$8 million compared to the six months endedJune 30, 2019 . The maturity of cash deposits with maturities greater than 90 days (marketable securities) and subsequent conversion to cash equivalents generated$13 million in the current year. Capital expenditures were down$11 million in the six months endedJune 30, 2020 compared to 2019 as the Company prioritized investments in light of the current macro-economic environment. Financing Activities Six Months EndedJune 30, 2020 Compared with the Same Period in 2019 Net cash used in financing activities was$88 million in the six months endedJune 30, 2020 , compared to$98 million used in 2019. The change was primarily due to prior year repurchases of common stock of$67 million partially offset by a$54 million decrease in net proceeds from short-term borrowings. The decrease in short-term borrowings represents a reduction in the use of our revolver partially offset by an increase in amounts outstanding under the European accounts receivable securitization program during the current year. Changes in Working Capital (In millions) June 30, 2020 December 31, 2019 Change Working capital (current assets less current liabilities)$ 277.4 $ 127.8$ 149.6 Current ratio (current assets divided by current liabilities) 1.2x 1.1x Quick ratio (current assets, less inventories divided by current liabilities) 0.7x 0.7x The$150 million , or 117%, increase in working capital in the six months endedJune 30, 2020 was primarily due to a$78 million decrease in other current liabilities, a$68 million increase in inventory and a$27 million increase in cash, partially offset by a$31 million increase in taxes payable primarily on the US income tax accrual. The decrease in other current liabilities reflects the settlement of performance-based compensation, profit sharing, volume rebate accruals and certain claims, partially offset by current period accruals. The inventory increase was driven by a purposeful build in the second quarter 2020 for contingency planning against the risk of raw material shortages or supply disruptions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. Changes in Stockholders' Deficit The$126 million , or 64%, decrease in stockholders' deficit in the six months endedJune 30, 2020 was primarily due to the following: 63 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- •net earnings of$227 million ; •stock issued for profit sharing contribution paid in stock of$24 million ; •the effect of share-based incentive compensation of$9 million , including the impact of share-based compensation expense and netting of shares to cover the employee tax withholding amounts; and •recognition of pension items and unrealized gains on derivative instruments of$2 million and$1 million , respectively. These increases were partially offset by: •cumulative translation adjustment of$87 million ; and •dividends paid on our common stock of$50 million . We did not repurchase any shares of our common stock during the six months endedJune 30, 2020 . See Note 20, "Stockholders' Deficit," of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further details. Derivative Financial Instruments Interest Rate Swaps The information set forth in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q in Note 15, "Derivatives and Hedging Activities" under the caption "Interest Rate Swaps" is incorporated herein by reference. Net Investment Hedge The information set forth in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q in Note 15, "Derivatives and Hedging Activities" under the caption "Net Investment Hedge" is incorporated herein by reference. Other Derivative Instruments The information set forth in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q in Note 15, "Derivatives and Hedging Activities" under the caption "Other Derivative Instruments" is incorporated herein by reference. Foreign Currency Forward Contracts AtJune 30, 2020 , we were party to foreign currency forward contracts, which did not have a significant impact on our liquidity. The information set forth in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q in Note 15, "Derivatives and Hedging Activities" under the caption "Foreign Currency Forward Contracts Designated as Cash Flow Hedges" and "Foreign Currency Forward Contracts Not Designated as Hedges" is incorporated herein by reference. For further discussion about these contracts and other financial instruments, see Part I, Item 3, "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk." Recently Issued Statements of Financial Accounting Standards, Accounting Guidance and Disclosure Requirements We are subject to numerous recently issued statements of financial accounting standards, accounting guidance and disclosure requirements. Note 2, "Recently Adopted and Issued Accounting Standards" which is contained in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, describes these new accounting standards and is incorporated herein by reference. Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates There have been no material changes in our critical accounting policies and estimates from those disclosed in our 2019 Form 10-K. For a discussion of our critical accounting policies and estimates, refer to "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates" in Part II, Item 7 of our 2019 Form 10-K. 64
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